Relationship Between Allelopathic Effects and Functional Traits of Different Allelopathic Potential Rice Accessions at Different Growth Stages

In this study,effects of temperature,light and their interactions on allelopathic effects and the functional traits specific leaf area(SLA)and stem mass fraction(SMF)of different allelopathic potential rice accessions at different growth stages were analyzed.The main results were as follows:Allelopathic responses to temperature and light varied with different allelopathic potential rice accessions at different growth stages.With the rise of temperature and the extension of photoperiod,allelopathic effect increased firstly and then decreased at 2–3 leaf stage,but increased constantly at the 4–5 and 7–8 leaf stages in strong allelopathic rice accessions[O.longistaminata,F1(O.longistaminata×RD23),F2(RL159 and RL169)].Temperature had significant impact on allelopathic effect without considering light factors,but light showed little effect on rice allelopathy at the same temperature conditions.The greatest allelopathic effect was attained with moderate temperature and long photoperiod at 2–3 leaf stage in strong allelopathic rice accessions,but all the rice accessions showed weak allelopathic effects at the low temperature condition(15oC/10oC),and the influence of different factors on allelopathy followed a general trend as temperatureleaf stagelight,indicating that among the multiple factors impacting rice allelopathy,temperature was the main factor.Allelopathic characteristics of F1 and F2 to various temperature and light were similar to O.longistaminata,showing that allelopathic genes from wild rice can be expressed in its descendants.Temperature and light also had significant effects on SLA and SMF,and rice allelopathy was closely correlative to SLA in strong allelopathic rice accessions at the 4–5 and 7–8 leaf stages,but there was no correlation between rice allelopathy and SMF at different growth stages.These results suggested that rice adjust the relationship between allelopathy and SLA and adapt to the varied environments,and that high temperature and long photoperiod can enhance rice allelopathic activity.     

氯代甲醛-次氯酸复合物的结构和热力学性质

在B3LYP/6-311＋＋G＊＊水平上对氯代甲醛HCOCl与次氯酸HOCl可能的复合物进行结构优化与频率计算。得到5个稳定异构体,其中形成ClO-H…O=C氢键的复合物最稳定,经基组重叠误差和零点振动能校正后的相互作用能为-11.92KJ/mol。氢键的形成导致H-O伸缩振动频率红移。在298.15K和标准状态下,稳定复合物的形成反应是一个放热的非自发过程。     

磷酸法活性炭的三聚氰胺表面改性及其电化学性能研究

为了考察磷酸法活性炭作为双电层电容器电极材料的可行性,通过浸渍三聚氰胺后在500、700、900℃下热处理的方法对活性炭进行了表面改性,分别得到改性活性炭AC-N-500、AC-N-700、AC-N-900,考察不同热处理温度对活性炭表面氮元素结合状态的影响,及其对磷酸法活性炭作为双电层电容器电极材料的电化学性能的影响。采用氮气吸附、元素分析、X射线光电子能谱及电化学测试等方法分析表征活性炭的孔隙结构、元素组成、表面官能团存在形式以及电化学性能。结果表明:随着热处理温度的升高,改性活性炭氮元素含量逐渐下降,由AC-N-500的8.49%下降为AC-N-900的4.16%;三聚氰胺改性活性炭比表面积和总孔容明显降低。改性活性炭中氮元素主要以N-6(吡啶型)、N-5(吡咯型)、N-Q(季氮型)、N-X(氮氧型)4种形式存在;随着热处理温度的升高,N-6和N-5型官能团的比例略微减少并部分转变为N-Q。改性活性炭AC-N-700可制备出比电容达203 F/g(扫描电压1 m V/s)的活性炭电极材料,减小电极与电解液间的阻力有利于离子的渗入和电荷的传导,表明磷酸法活性炭具有作为双电层电容器电极材料的潜力。     

福建省林业发展区划三级分区技术研究

通过对福建省林业发展区划三级分区的生态区位、森林生产力、地貌地形、气候特征、社会经济、林地环境等主要因子的调查,分析影响全省林地生产力布局的主导因子,对所采集的主导因子数据进行标准化处理后,应用系统聚类和有序样本聚类2种聚类分析方法分析和对比,以此划分福建省林业发展区划三级区,提出各三级区林业发展功能定位与对策措施。     

The Feasible Control for the Day-operation of the Three-Gorge Cascade Hydropower Station

The feasible control problem is presented for the day-operation of the Three-Gorge Caseade Hydropower Station. The significance of the problem is explained. Basic propetties ofthe problem and the approaches to study it are discussed. Two methfods are given for solving theproblem. which are calculus of variation and linear programming. In the former. the Euler equationwith time-lag and the generalised two-point boundary conditions are obtained and the correspondingpractical implication is interpreted. In the latter. the rationality for the discrete model is exptainedand the computalional details are given for the implement software. some questions which should bepaid much attentfon and the corresponding propeels are prasented based on the numerical results andtheoretical analysis     

膳食纤维的提取及其功能特性分析

膳食纤维被誉为继水、蛋白质、脂肪、碳水化合物、矿物质、维生素之外的"第七大营养素"。全面阐述了膳食纤维的主要功能特性、提取方法及其在食品中的应用现状与发展前景。     

大连市中心区声环境功能区划调整研究

在分析了大连市中心区声环境功能区划调整必要性的基础上,全面评估了现有区划实施效果,以问题为导向提出了区划调整的方法体系,并阐述了区划调整结果的可行性,为城市环境噪声管理和防治提供科学依据。     

利用GoldenGate分析的高通量SNP芯片对鲤基因进行分型

单核苷酸多态性(SNPs)标记在大多数物种基因组中数量巨大且分布均匀,是许多水产物种遗传研究的理想标记,因此快速发展了几种高通量、快速的SNP标记分型平台。本研究利用Golden Gate分析技术对鲤Cyprinus carpio转录组测序的1 536个SNP标记合成了一张中等密度SNP芯片,对5个鲤群体的480份样本进行基因分型。结果表明:1 235个SNP标记成功分型,约占80%;915个标记至少在一个家系中呈现多态性,占74.1%;标记最小等位基因频率(MAF)介于0.05~0.5之间,平均为0.334,其中48.9%的标记最小等位基因频率(MAF)大于平均值;5个群体中SNP标记平均多态性信息含量(PIC)在0.3左右,为中度多态,杂合度为0.010~0.990,平均为0.5左右,暗示群体具有丰富的遗传多态性,育种价值及性状改良潜力很大。本研究分型的多态性SNP标记可广泛应用于遗传多样性研究、标记-性状关联分析以及分子标记辅助育种。     

卵形鲳鲹脂肪酸延长酶(Elovl4-like)基因特征与功能研究

长链脂肪酸延长酶(elongases of very long chain fatty acids, Elovls)是长链多不饱和脂肪酸(long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid, LC-PUFA)生物合成途径中的关键限速酶,能够延长PUFA的碳链。为探究Elovl4在卵形鲳鲹(Trachinotus ovatus) PUFA生物合成中的功能,该研究克隆了卵形鲳鲹Elovl4基因的cDNA序列,命名为ToElovl4-like,其开放阅读框(ORF)为792 bp,编码263个氨基酸。生物信息学分析结果表明,编码的氨基酸包含Elovl家族的显著结构特征如组氨酸盒子、多个跨膜区和ER滞留信号等。序列比对结果显示,卵形鲳鲹Elovl4-like基因高度保守,且该基因编码的蛋白序列与其他鱼类的相似度为73%~86%,其中与大西洋鳕(Gadus morhua)的相似度最高(86%)。系统进化分析表明,Elovl4主要聚为Elovl4a、Elovl4b和Elovl4-like 3类。其中ToElovl4-like与其他鱼类的Elovl4-like亲缘关系最近。实时荧光定量PCR表明ToElovl4-like基因在各组织中均有表达,其中在性腺和脾中mRNA表达量最高,在脑中mRNA表达量最低。酵母异源表达分析表明,ToElovl4-like可以分别将亚油酸(18:2n-6)、二十碳五烯酸(20:5n-3)延长为二十碳二烯酸(20:2n-6)和二十二碳五烯酸(22:5n-3)。研究结果为了解鱼类长链多不饱和脂肪酸(LC-PUFA)的生物合成提供了理论基础。     

Genome-wide Association Study of Teats Number Traits in Kele Pigs

Teats number is one of the most important reproductive traits,and closely related to the economic benefit in pig industry.In order to reveal the underlying genetics of left teats number,right teats number and total teats number traits,a genome-wide association study（GWAS）was performed.Samples of DNA were collected to genotyping for 22 Kele pigs using the Illumina Porcine SNP 60K Chip.The GWAS was performed using a mixed-effects model and linear regression approach.When a genome-wide threshold was determined using the Bonferroni method（P<2.06E-5),4 single nucleotide polymorphism（SNP）markers were potentially associated with left teats number,right teats number and total teat number.However,3 SNPs were significant associated and 18 SNPs were potentially associated in chromosomes level.304 Ensembl genes were retrieved around 1 cM of the associated SNPs.The candidate genes in Wnt and Fgf signaling pathway（BTRC,FGF5,FGF8,BMP3,RASGEF1B and HMGB3）might have effect on target traits.These results provided valuable information about the selective breeding for Kele pigs.