Sodium bicarbonate protects uranium-induced acute nephrotoxicity through uranium-decorporation by urinary alkalinization in rats

To evaluate the effectiveness of sodium bicarbonate (SB) in removing uranium and protecting animals from uranium toxicity, we intramuscularly administered 1 mg/kg of uranyl nitrate to 8-wk-old male SD rats, and 20 min after administration of uranyl nitrate, the animals were given a single oral administration of SB at 0.1, 0.3 or 1 g/kg. The SB treatment at a dose of 0.3 g/kg or more raised the pH of the rats’ urine until 4 h after treatment, and it significantly reduced the uranium amounts in the kidneys at 1 day after treatment. In another experiment, rats were intramuscularly administered 1 mg/kg of uranyl nitrate, and 20 min later, the animals were treated with sodium bicarbonate (0.1 or 1 g/kg). The rats were autopsied at 1, 3 and 7 days after uranium treatment. High-dose SB resulted in a significant increase in urinary uranium excretion in the first 24 h and a reduction of uranium deposition in the kidneys and femurs, and it also significantly suppressed uranium-induced renal toxicity, as shown by both histopathology and clinical chemistry at 3 days after uranium treatment. Low-dose SB did not show such marked effects. Our findings demonstrated that the uranium decorporation effect of sodium bicarbonate was observed at the dosage showing urine alkalinization in rats and that decorporation effect of sodium bicarbonate might be beneficial if it is administered immediately after incorporation of soluble uranium.     

唑草·苯磺隆24%可湿性粉剂小麦田间药效试验

田间试验表明唑草·苯磺隆24%可湿性粉剂28.8～43.2g/hm2能有效防除小麦田一年生阔叶杂草,药后45d,对猪殃殃、泽漆、麦家公、播娘蒿的株防效在90.5%～94.2%,鲜重防效在92.1%～96.4%。在推荐剂量下,对小麦生长安全。     

3个产地板蓝根多糖作用的比较研究

通过小鼠吞噬试验、脾淋巴细胞增殖试验和最低抑菌与最低杀菌浓度的检测,对不同产地板蓝根多糖功能进行比较研究。结果表明,3个产地板蓝根多糖均使小鼠吞噬能力增强,并协同促进淋巴细胞增殖,具有一定的杀菌和抑菌效果。     

30%乙酰甲胺磷乳油防治萝卜蚜田间药效试验

为了筛选出防治萝卜蚜高效、低残留药剂,对30%乙酰甲胺磷乳油和40%氧乐果乳油防治萝卜蚜进行了药效对比及用量试验。田间试验结果表明,30%乙酰甲胺磷乳油对萝卜蚜具有理想的防治效果,表现出良好的速效性和持效性,使用30%乙酰甲胺磷乳油65～135mL/667m2,在蚜虫发生期内喷雾防治,施药第1d,防治效果就超过90%,药后第10d仍保持在90%以上,且对油菜安全。     

壬菌铜30%微乳剂防治葡萄霜霉病田间药效试验

试验表明壬菌铜30%微乳剂对葡萄霜霉病有很好的防治效果,使用浓度为200、300mg/kg时,对葡萄霜霉病的防治效果分别为79.9%、85.3%,与氢氧化铜46%水分散粒剂230mg/kg、烯酰吗啉40%悬浮剂250mg/kg处理的防效相当,且耐雨水冲刷,持效期长,价格低廉,值得推广使用。     

机插秧稻田二次封闭控草应用技术

稻田草害是机插秧生产中最严重的问题。传统水稻田一封二杀三补控草策略策略已经不能适应机插秧的除草要求。本文综合小区试验和大区示范,针对不同栽培条件下的土壤和杂草情况,提出二封一补的除草对策。3年试验示范结果表明,土地平整后插秧前使用57%苄·丙·异丙隆可湿性粉剂1 500~1 800 g/hm~2进行第1次封闭处理,插秧后10 d用50%苄·丁·异丙隆可湿性粉剂1 200~1 500 g/hm~2进行第2次封闭,既能有效控制早期杂草为害,保证秧苗安全,又能延长对杂草持续控制作用,提高水稻产量。在2次封闭基础上,针对不平整地块和烤田后抗性杂草发生情况,提出相对应的补治措施。     

花生不同施钙量、密度对产量影响的裂区试验

探讨不同施钙量、不同播种密度对花生产量的影响,为生产上提供施用钙肥与合理播种密度的理论依据。采用两因素裂区试验,A(施钙量)因素为主处理,设有4个水平,即:A1为0石灰/hm2、A2为300kg石灰/hm2、A3为600kg石灰/hm2、A4为900kg石灰/hm2;B(播种密度)因素为副处理,设有4个水平,即:B124万粒/hm2、B228.5万粒/hm2、B331.5万粒/hm2、B436万粒/hm2;3次重复。实验结果表明:施用300石灰/hm2、播种密度28.5万粒/hm2,可获得较高产量,达到3202.83 kg/hm2和最高的净收入,达到11531.16元/hm2。     

Statistical Model on the Time and Time Difference Error of Arrival in TDOA Location Estimation

Additional time delay of arrival resulted from non-line of sight(NLOS)propagation and muti-path effect in(cellular) environment is the dominant factor resulting in TDOA location error,study on the statistical property of TDOA error is useful for improving the accuracy of TDOA location.Based on the exponential distribution property of NLOS propagation delay,and considering the system error resulted from the signal detection,the authors establish a statistical model of arrival time and a model of TDOA error distribution by statistics when non-light of sight and multi-path propagation exist.The models reflect the statistical property of arrival time and TDOA error in cell network,the simulation shows that the proposed models have a good accuracy and a satisfactory behavior.     

50%咪鲜胺锰盐可湿粉对芒果炭疽病的防治效果

在芒果花芽期后喷施4次,第3次喷药后15 d,50%咪鲜胺锰盐可湿粉1000倍、1500倍的效果较好,防治效果分别为71.9%、59.0%,显著优于50%咪鲜胺可湿粉1000倍(46.4%);第4次喷药后15 d,50%咪鲜胺锰盐可湿粉1000倍的防治效果为64.2%,显著优于50%咪鲜胺可湿粉1000倍(52.9%)。表明50%咪鲜胺锰盐可湿粉是一种可防治芒果炭疽病的安全而有效的药剂。     

10种杀菌剂对马铃薯晚疫病的防治效果与经济效益评价

选择72%霜脲·锰锌(克露)可湿性粉剂(WP)、50%烯酰吗啉(安克)WP、25%嘧菌酯(阿米西达)悬浮剂(SC)、64%恶霜·锰锌(杀毒矾)WP、68%精甲霜灵·锰锌(金雷)水分散粒剂(WG)、70%丙森锌(安泰生)WP、68.75%氟吡菌胺·霜霉威(银法利)SC、18.7%烯酰·吡唑酯(凯特)WG、25%双炔酰菌胺(瑞凡)SC和50%多菌灵WP等10种药剂进行了田间马铃薯晚疫病防治试验。结果表明:除50%多菌灵WP之外,其他9种药剂对马铃薯晚疫病均具有明显的防治效果和增产效果,防效均达90%以上,增产10.90%～20.30%,净收入增加500～1000元·(667m2)-1。根据药剂的防效和增产效果,提出广东省马铃薯晚疫病防治的参考药剂,首先是72%霜脲·锰锌WP和50%烯酰吗啉WP,其次是68%精甲霜灵·锰锌WG、18.7%烯酰·吡唑酯WG、25%嘧菌酯SC、70%丙森锌WP和64%恶霜·锰锌WP。