RADIOGRAPHIC APPEARANCE OF THE NAVICULAR BONE AND DISTAL INTERPHALANGEAL JOINT AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP WITH OSSIFICATION OF THE COLLATERAL CARTILAGES OF THE DISTAL PHALANX IN FINNHORSE CADAVER FOREFEET

Radiographic findings in the navicular bone and distal interphalangeal joint as well as the ossification status of the collateral cartilages of the distal phalanx were evaluated in 100 Finnhorse cadaver forefeet. The most common shapes of the proximal articular margin of the navicular bone were convex and straight. Remodeling of the navicular bone was common, especially on the lateral extremity. No bony fragments were identified at the distal flexor margin even though this area appeared irregular in several feet. Several large, rounded or lollipop-shaped synovial invaginations were identified in only six feet. The thickness of the flexor cortex varied considerably, and the corticomedullary junction was uni- or bilaterally indistinct in nine feet. The shape of the sagittal ridge of the flexor cortex was commonly flat but varied. It appeared locally irregular or indistinct in 17 feet, but changes elsewhere along the flexor cortex were rare. Osteophytosis on the dorsal and palmar margins of the distal interphalangeal joint and entheseophytosis on the dorsal aspect of the middle phalanx and on the extensor process of the distal phalanx were common. "Possibly significant" ossification of the collateral cartilages (high side-bones or separate centers of ossification) was present in 36 feet; all grades of ossification in the proximal/ palmaroproximal direction as well as palmar ossification were seen. A statistically significant relationship was found between entheseophytosis on the proximal flexor margin of the navicular bone and "possibly significant" ossification. Osteophytosis on the palmarodistal margin of the middle phalanx was more common in feet with a relatively long distal phalanx, suggestive of palmar ossification. Radiographic changes in the navicular bone or in the distal interphalangeal joint did not otherwise appear to be associated with ossification of the collateral cartilages of the distal phalanx in Finnhorses.     

Role of seed infection by the Ascochyta blight pathogen of dried pea (Mycosphaerella pinodes) in seedling emergence, early disease development and transmission of the disease to aerial plant parts

The role of infected seed in the epidemiology of Ascochyta blight of pea, caused by Mycosphaerella pinodes, was studied both under growth chamber and field conditions, using healthy seeds, naturally infected seeds and artificially infected seeds. Results suggest that infected seeds caused serious losses, as a result of poor germination and high transmission of the disease, to parts of the plants under soil level. Foot rot symptoms often caused the death of young seedlings. Losses were increased by low temperatures during the early stage of crop development. M. pinodes progressed from seeds to aerial parts of the plants, but no Ascochyta blight symptoms occurred, the disease remaining near to the basal parts of the plants as a foot rot symptom. This suggests that seeds cannot be regarded as a source of contamination in the epidemiology of the disease.     

Foot Rot of Ulluco Caused by Pythium aphanidermatum

Severe rot of stem bases caused by Pythium aphanidermatum was found on ulluco (Ullucus tuberosus) grown in Kagawa Prefecture, Japan, in September 1999. The name “foot rot of ulluco” is proposed for this new disease. Received 14 November 2001/ Accepted in revised form 7 January 2002     

一种快速鉴定柑桔体细胞杂种对脚腐病抗性的方法

通过用菌丝块接种柑桔叶片法进行柑桔体细胞杂种抗病性鉴定,并与接种柑桔枝条法,菌丝块接种嫁接苗法比较,证明柑桔不同部位对脚腐病的抗性存在着相关性,可采用这种相关性接种柑桔叶片进行体细胞杂种的抗病性鉴定。     

水稻赤枯病防治技术研究

2005年,环渤海地区较大面积发生水稻红苗病。对发病田的大量现场调查发现,大多数田块的发病症状属于根中毒型赤枯病,少数田块属于缺锌、缺钾型赤枯病,个别田块是由于稻水象甲危害造成。诱发赤枯病的因素很多,但主要是低温缺氧造成的。其防治措施主要有改进耕作技术、改革水层管理和科学施肥等。     

不同栽培方式对水稻细菌性基腐病发生的影响

为明确不同栽培方式与水稻细菌性基腐病危害程度的关系,在田间比较了5种水稻栽培方式(直播、小苗手插、大苗手插、小苗机插和大苗机插)对病害发生程度和水稻产量损失的影响。结果表明,直播田发病最轻,水稻产量损失最小;大苗机插发病最重,产量损失最大。移栽种植时,小苗机插发病较轻,病丛率显著低于小苗手插、大苗手插和大苗机插。因此,从细菌性基腐病控制的角度,在生产中推广直播或者小苗机插的栽培方式更有利于控制该病害发生。     

剥离观察植物花粉亚结构

用剥离粉壁的新技术,以扫描电镜观察了禾本等10科30种被子植物的花粉。此法能简单快速获得粉壁的断面、基粒棒的立体结构;能剥离花粉壁的各个层次。可见粉壁各个层次的内外两个侧面上的细微结构;能清楚地暴露花粉萌发孔的多层镶嵌结构。经香港终端国际联机检索,1965年至1985年国际文献中尚无此种观察技术,上述观察结果前人也未曾描述。     

口蹄疫病毒Asia Ⅰ/HeB株不同宿主适应毒及其多克隆抗体的鉴定

口蹄疫病毒接种乳鼠、豚鼠及BHK-21细胞,获得相应的适应毒。以各组织液中的口蹄疫病毒RNA为模板,反转录并扩增VP1基因,PCR产物琼脂糖凝胶电泳,回收目的片段,测序。测序结果与核酸数据库中口蹄疫病毒VP1基因比对,并将各适应毒扩增的VP1基因序列相互比对。结果表明:此毒为口蹄疫病毒,各适应毒间序列同源性达98%。并用口蹄疫病毒抗原进行SDS-PAGE,分别与大肠杆菌表达的口蹄疫病毒HeB株P1蛋白制备的多克隆兔抗及健康对照血清进行Western blot,对多克隆兔抗进行鉴定,并用间接ELISA测定此多克隆兔抗的效价。确定此多抗能中和FMDV结构蛋白,抗体效价>1∶800。     

阴山北麓不同土地利用类型表土颗粒分形特征

研究了阴山北麓5个典型样地的表层土壤颗粒分形维数与土壤机械组成、土地利用类型、采样深度以及土壤化学性状之间的关系。结果表明：决定土壤颗粒分形维数大小的主要是粉沙和极细沙的百分含量,其次是粗沙、极粗沙和砾石的百分含量,细沙和中沙的百分含量对土壤分形维数影响程度相对较小。粉沙百分含量与土壤颗粒分形维数拟合的方程D=0．1821nx＋2．0683可预测研究区域的土壤颗粒分形维数。5种不同利用类型的土地土壤颗粒分形维数随采样深度的变化而变化,总体趋势都是随着采样深度加深而分形维数减小。表层（0～10cm）土壤颗粒分形维数大小依次为：弃耕地2〉未封育草地〉封育草地〉弃耕地1〉耕地。5种不同利用类型的土地中,土壤颗粒分形维数与pH、全盐量均表现为不显著相关,与有机质含量只有封育草地上表现为极显著相关,与全氮、全磷、全钾、速效氮、速效磷和速效钾含量的关系比较复杂,这主要是受耕作、施肥和放牧等人为干扰所造成。     

猪口蹄疫O型合成肽疫苗抗原多肽的串联表达及活性鉴定

为获得含合成肽疫苗抗原多肽的重组表达蛋白,根据猪口蹄疫O型合成肽疫苗中抗原多肽的氨基酸序列,使用大肠杆菌偏好性密码子人工合成该抗原多肽的双拷贝基因序列,并克隆至表达载体pET32a中,构建原核表达质粒pET32a - P2.将重组质粒转化BL21 (DE3),经IPTG诱导表达,收集诱导的菌液进行SDS - PAGE电...