新时代做好科研院所宣传工作的思考

为研究做好新时代科研院所的宣传工作,文章以北京市农林科学院新时代宣传工作为例,采用发放调查问卷、开展研讨座谈等方式,获得相关数据,分析该院在新时代宣传工作取得的成效和存在的薄弱环节,结合查阅文献资料,从加强引导、建章立制、健全机构、扩宽宣传渠道和手段等方面,提出在新时代做好科研院所宣传工作的一些建议.     

以英国青年就业项目为鉴论我国高校社工学生就业项目

我国高校社会工作专业自1989年北大开班以来,全国各高校设立的社会工作专业本硕班培育大批的社工人才,但在就业方面却遭遇冷门,这与我国就业环境及政府的政策有很大的关联。虽然近些年,社工队伍不断壮大,但是人才流失很严重,特别是高校社工人才选择在本专业发展的比例很少。在此,本文借鉴英国成功的就业项目和现阶段政府购买服务项目,探讨了二者的结合谈社工就业及以此为主的项目的策划。     

试论做好图书馆卫生防疫工作

 

探讨了图书馆做好卫生防疫工作的重要性，并从图书馆建馆选址、图书馆室内环境卫生、图书等公用物品消毒、图书馆工作人员的卫生防护等四个方面入手对如何做好图书馆卫生防疫工作展开了论述。

     

关于思想政治工作创新的若干思考

本文针对当前思想政治工作领域广为关注的创新问题，结合作者工作体会，就思想政治工作创新的必要性、紧迫性、基本原则、努力方向，作了一些思考和探讨，旨在推动思想政治工作创新进一步健康、持久地开展下去。     

Optimizing Rank of Landscape Planning Works of Urban Wetland Park

Classifying and ranking the huge amounts of landscape planning works of urban wetland park is always difficult due to the multi-functions (ecological, leisure, educational and disaster prevention) of the urban wetland park. Therefore, an optimizing rank system is urgently needed. Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) models were used to rank the planning works of 30 urban wetland park based on four mainly factors, which included landscape ecological planning, landscape planning, ecological planning and economic planning. The study indicated that the AHP- TOPSIS model had good discrimination in the classification and ranking of landscape planning works of urban wetland park and it was also applicable to the planning works of other urban greenbelts.     

两岸携手养护厦金海域海洋生物资源策略探讨

金厦海域生物资源丰富,曾是厦门和金门渔民传统的生产渔场。近年来随着两地经济的发展,该海域的海洋生态的损害逐步加重,渔业资源严重衰退,海洋生物多样性遭受重大损害。显然,两岸携手进行该海域的海洋生态养护是十分必要的。本文通过分析该海域的海洋生物资源的基本情况及厦门和金门多年来开展的渔业资源养护工作及其效果,提出两岸携手养护厦金海域渔业资源的合作机制,并建议合作开展海洋环境质量调查,渔业生产现状调查,增殖放流,鱼类栖地再造,划设渔业资源保护区等工作。     

高职院校思想政治工作专业化色议

高职院校学生思想政治工作必须考虑高职学生的特点。文中认为，实现高职院校思想政治工作专业化是解决高职院校思想政治工作的有效途径。     

外出务工对农民成为合作社负责人的影响 ——基于全国粮食种植业职业农民的分析

外出务工返乡农民被认为是解决中国“谁来种地”、提高中国农业组织化程度的重要希望,政府也在大力宣传、引导外出务工返乡农民投身农业并引领合作社等新型经营主体发展。本文基于新迁移经济学等理论,利用具有全国代表性的粮食种植业职业农民的大样本数据,运用二元模型、双重稳健模型、匹配模型和多元定序模型等计量方法,分析了外出务工对农民成为合作社负责人的影响。结果表明,在粮食种植业职业农民中,外出务工返乡农民占比为23.66%,合作社负责人占比为24.59%。外出务工返乡农民中合作社负责人的占比为34.65%,没有外出务工的农民中合作社负责人的占比为21.47%,两者相差约13个百分点。计量分析结果表明,相比没有外出务工的农民,外出务工返乡农民成为合作社负责人的概率要显著高出约6个百分点,即调查样本中外出务工返乡农民要比其他农民成为合作社负责人的概率高出近1/4,这证实了外出务工对农民成为合作社负责人的正向促进作用。外出务工通过人力资本提升、农业生产投入和政府政策支持三个方面促使返乡农民工更可能成为合作社负责人。因此,在当前农业转型阶段,政府一方面应鼓励人力资本水平较低的青年农民外出就业,通过务工积累个人资本;另一方面,应大力吸引并帮助优秀的返乡农民工投身农业和乡村振兴事业,发挥他们更多的引领带动作用。     

Effects of tidal flat reclamation on sediment quality and hypoxia in Isahaya Bay

• 1. Ariake Bay, which is located in western Japan, has a large tidal range (>6 m) and a vast tidal flat (200 km²). In the early 1990s, the government‐managed Isahaya Reclamation Project began in the western part of Ariake Bay. A 16‐km² area of tidal flat in the inner part of Isahaya Bay was destroyed through reclamation and separated from the sea by a dyke, which created land and a freshwater reservoir.
• 2. Since the initiation of the project, fishery yields around Isahaya Bay have dramatically decreased. The objective of this study was to clarify the relationship between the work associated with the Isahaya Reclamation Project and the recent environmental deterioration in Ariake Bay, with references to present sediment thickness and organic matter content, and hypoxic water distributions in Isahaya Bay.
• 3. The organic matter load from the reservoir has increased since the initiation of the reclamation project and has been associated with a thick layer of fine sediment at the bottom of Isahaya Bay. The thickness of fine sediment and the total organic carbon content were higher in Isahaya Bay than in the freshwater reservoir.
• 4. Based on measurements in August 2001, hypoxic water spread widely in and around Isahaya Bay; the lowest dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration (0.53 mg L^?1) was observed just outside the dyke. An analysis based on a two‐layered box model using data obtained in August 2001 showed that the DO consumption rate in the bottom layer was high (0.61 mg O₂ L^?1 day^?1), and that 22–41% of the total organic carbon load needed to induce the hypoxic water was derived from the reclamation area.
• 5. Our findings strongly suggest that enclosed seas may suffer from eutrophic and hypoxic conditions because of their low seawater‐exchange rate. A comprehensive conservation programme and environmental assessment including physical and material transport processes in the system is needed to manage the environment of the enclosed sea.

Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

EXTERNALITIES,INSTITUTIONS AND THE LOCATION CHOICES OF SHELLFISH PRODUCERS: THE CASE OF BLUE MUSSEL FARMING IN THE MONT-SAINT-MICHEL BAY (FRANCE)

ABSTRACT

Most marine aquaculture activities remain strongly dependent on coastal ecosystems. In the case of shellfish farming, this dependency is related mainly to water quality and to the various ecological interactions resulting from the dynamics of coastal food webs. Such ecological constraints have influenced the overall evolution of blue mussel farming in the Mont-Saint-Michel Bay, leading producers to negotiate collective arrangements regarding production capacity and techniques and to develop production strategies at the farm level. This article presents an analysis of the location choices of mussel farmers in the Mont-Saint-Michel Bay based on an empirical investigation conducted in 2002. A typology of farms with respect to their land structure is developed in which some farms choose to concentrate their activity in a single part of the bay while others distribute their activity more widely. Determinants of the location choices of each farm category, including distance to port, natural productivity differentials, and predation of mussel stocks, are analyzed. The role of the institutional arrangements allowing mussel farmers to develop these location strategies is also discussed.