天水旱作农业区膜侧小麦不同施肥水平增产效应分析

通过不同施肥条件对膜侧小麦水分利用、农艺性状、增产效应、经济效益等方面分析,研究干旱地区膜侧小麦的施肥问题。结果表明:施肥可以提高水分利用率1.1~3.1 kg/(mm.hm2),促进小麦生长发育;不同施肥水平对小麦的增产效应不同:低肥、中肥、高肥3种施肥水平分别比不施肥的对照增产731.5 kg/hm2,1461.0kg/hm2和1 648.5 kg/hm2,增产率分别为25.5%、50.9%和57.4%;经济效益以中肥水平(折合施纯N118.1kg/hm2,P2O594.5 kg/hm2和K2O 60.0 kg/hm2)最高,产值可达2 045.4元/hm2,产投比为2.7∶1。因此,在低、中、高3个施肥水平中,中等施肥最为有效、合理,有利于增产增收。     

提高无性系茶苗定植成活率的技术措施

无性系茶苗定植后成活率低,是当前制约无性系茶园建设的主要因素.本文通过大量调查分析,找出了影响无性系茶苗定植成活率的主要因素,探讨了提高无性系茶苗移栽成活率的措施.     

杉木双系种子园无性系开花习性与异交率及其间的关系研究

基于对杉木双系种子园中成对无性系开花习性的多年观察及多年对杉木双系种子园的同工酶实验,运用EM算法估计各无性系的异交率大小,并使用DPS统计软件,详实地研究了异交率与开花习性诸多因素间的关系,其结果为:Y=0.877 7+0.104 4X1-0.615 8X2+0.354 4X3-0.061 8X4。上式中:X1为异系雄球花量,X3为异系开花同步性指数,它们对异交率的影响有正效应;而X2为系内开花同步性指数,X4为X3/X2之比,它们对异交率的影响有负效应。影响力的大小次序为:X2>X4>X3>X1。根据异交率与开花习性的关系研究,可以发现:今后新建杉木双系种子园时,挑选系内开花同步性小,而系间开花同步性大的双亲材料时,其后代异交率较高。     

海南辣椒、樱桃番茄病毒病调查及病原dot-ELISA鉴定

[目的]调查和鉴定海南省辣椒和樱桃番茄病毒病发生情况和病毒种类,明确病毒病发生为害程度及毒源种类.[方法]2018—2019年,通过5点取样法对海南省10个市县的辣椒和樱桃番茄进行病毒症状类型、发病率和病情指数统计.采集辣椒和樱桃番茄主产区病毒病样本593份,通过斑点酶联免疫吸附法(dot-ELISA)对黄瓜花叶病毒(...     

不同浓度硝基苯对水稻发芽和秧苗生长发育的影响

试验结果表明,硝基苯浓度达到27倍(0.34 mg/L)以上对水稻发芽产生明显影响,致使芽率下降.不同浓度的硝基苯对不同品种的发芽率影响不显著.随着浓度的增加,同一品种株高基本呈降低趋势,根数、叶片与对照差异显著.     

不同曝气比率对蛋白核小球藻生长的影响

通过室内控制实验,研究了不同曝气比率对蛋白核小球藻(Chlorella vulgaris)生长过程影响,构建了曝气比率与ODmax、μmax、Cmax的适配曲线。实验设置0%、2%、10%、20%、30%、50%、70%共计7组曝气比率,在1 000 lx光强和20℃条件下,采用BG-11培养基培养小球藻至稳定生长。结果显示,适宜的曝气能促进小球藻生长,其最适曝气比率为20%,过量曝气会抑制小球藻生长;曝气比率(x)与ODmax、Cmax、μmax拟合方程分别为:Omax=170.63x3-231.83x2+84.341x+1.8439(0x50%;R2=0.9850)、Cmax=15.844x3-19.803x2+6.8594x+0.0521(0x50%;R2=0.9285)、μmax=8.1202x3-11.428x2+4.4963x+0.1173(20%x30%;R2=0.8581);50%x70%的关系式有待进一步验证。探究不同曝气比率对小球藻生长的影响,可为其优化培养与资源化利用提供理论依据。     

Relationships among condition indices, feeding and growth of walleye in Lake Erie

Abstract  Condition indices are often used as surrogates of fish health, growth, and feeding and to compare ecological well-being among fish populations. In an effort to identify easily measured indices, growth and food consumption were compared with gonadal-somatic index, liver-somatic index (LSI), fat-somatic index and relative weight ( W _r) for ages 1–3 walleye, Sander vitreus (Mitchill), in Lake Erie from 1986 to 1988. The LSI and W _r were significantly correlated with growth rate or food consumption, but correlations were too small to be considered biologically meaningful. Furthermore, no consistent relationships between condition indices and growth or consumption were found among combinations of fish age and season. None of the indices are considered reliable surrogates for more laborious estimates of growth and food consumption for Lake Erie walleye. Significant relationships between W _r and relative abundance of key prey species warrant further investigation.     

发酵黄芪对山瑞鳖稚鳖生长性能的影响

采用单因素试验方法,研究发酵黄芪对山瑞鳖(Palea steindachneri)稚鳖生长的影响。选用960只稚鳖,随机分为4个处理组,每个处理组3个重复,每个重复80只。以基础饲料(幼鳖粉料)为对照组,试验组分别在基础饲料中添加0.2%、0.4%、0.6%发酵黄芪,饲养60 d。结果显示:1~#、2~#、3~#试验组稚鳖的增重率、成活率均显著高于0~#对照组(P<0.05),饲料系数显著低于0~#对照组(P<0.05);试验组之间差异不显著(P>0.05),以0.4%发酵黄芪组综合效果最好,与0~#对照组比,其均末重、成活率分别提高了31.86%、8.26%,饲料系数降低了14.58%。试验结果表明:发酵黄芪能显著促进稚鳖生长、提高成活率和饲料利用率的作用。     

Routine metabolism of larval green sturgeon (Acipenser medirostris Ayres)

Routine metabolic rates of green sturgeon (Acipenser medirostris) from hatching to 31 days post hatch (dph) were determined under normoxic conditions. During the endogenous feeding stage that comprised period from hatching to 15 dph, the oxygen consumption rate (MO₂, μg O₂ larva⁻¹ h⁻¹) increased 5-fold before yolk reserves became exhausted and MO₂ rates steady. The allometric relationships between MO₂ and body mass had mass exponents greater than 1.0 (b=1.64±0.21) and equal to 1.0 (b=1.04±0.07) during the endogenous and exogenous feeding phases, respectively. The magnitude and changes of MO₂ rates in green sturgeon larvae reflected their early ontogeny, especially during the endogenous feeding phase when the increase in metabolic rates was associated with organogenesis, acquisition of organ functions, and the conversion of yolk sac into new tissues. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

全雄奥利亚罗非鱼的制种与应用研究

为获得全雄奥利亚罗非鱼(Oreochromis aurea),对WZ♀-ZZ♂类型的奥利亚罗非鱼采用原系(ZZ♂)与转化系(ZZ△♀)二系配套技术,控制遗传全雄鱼的性别。根据泄殖器特征对转化后的实验鱼进行性別鉴定,确定性别。对实验鱼的外部形态、内部结构进行生物学描述。统计并观察实验鱼的雄性率、生长和发育状况。总结全雄奥利亚罗非鱼在应用中的优势,以期为奥利亚罗非鱼养殖业的发展指明方向。