中国水稻害虫治理对策的演变及其展望

本文简要回顾了中国水稻害虫的变迁、相应的对策演变,从中了解、总结害虫发生与人类治虫对策之间的因果渊源,指出只有师法自然、通过生态工程实施生态治理技术才能持续双赢。     

西部高校本科双语教学实践的调查与分析——以农业经济管理专业为例

以农业经济管理专业为例,分析了西部高校本科阶段实施双语教学的必要性,调查了大学生对双语教学的认知情况,以及影响双语教学效果的因素、对双语教学过程的要求等问题,据此提出推进西部高校本科双语教学的对策。     

东莞森林公园建设与管理对策思考——以大岭山森林公园为例

文章根据东莞森林公园建设的背景,从东莞发展森林公园建设的特殊条件（经济发展和城市建设特点）出发,分析存在的主要问题,提出东莞森林公园建设和管理的对策。     

施用蝗虫微孢子对草原地上部分天敌群落多样性的影响

为明确蝗虫微孢子对蝗虫的持续控制,2015年在青海省开展了蝗虫微孢子防治草原蝗虫的试验和连续跟踪调查。结果表明,施用蝗虫微孢子前后温性和高寒草原蝗区天敌种类无明显变化,但部分天敌类群所占比例发生了变化,施用蝗虫微孢子2、3、4周后,温性草原中寄生蝇所占比例分别显著增加了330.6%、752.8%、752.8%,高寒草原中寄生蝇所占比例分别显著增加了108.1%、309.9%、310.8%,温性草原中芫菁所占比例分别显著下降了43.5%、45.5%、75.5%,高寒草原中芫菁所占比例分别显著下降了54.2%、77.2%、76.3%。施用蝗虫微孢子2、3和4周后,温性草原的Shannon指数比防治前分别显著增加了5.7%、7.0%、3.8%,Pielou指数比防治前分别显著增加了6.2%、6.2%、3.7%,Simpson指数比防治前分别显著增加了5.4%、6.8%、4.1%;施用蝗虫微孢子2周后,高寒草原的Shannon指数、Pielou指数和Simpson指数比防治前分别显著升高了4.8%、5.4%、3.8%,施用3周后,3个天敌群落多样性指数比防治前分别增加了1.8%、1.3%、2.2%,但Shannon指数和Simpson指数与防治前无显著差异,而Pielou指数比防治前显著增加,施用4周后,3个指数均与防治前无显著差异。施用蝗虫微孢子2、3和4周后,天敌群落布雷柯蒂斯距离与防治前差异显著,而重复样区间的布雷柯蒂斯距离在整个调查期无显著变化。表明蝗虫微孢子施用后对不同生态类型草原天敌群落多样性有一定的保护作用。     

人与自然和谐共居的花园城市——新加坡

新加坡以花园城市闻名于世,园林建设的成就有目共睹。文章通过实地考察,归纳总结了新加坡城市园林绿化的4个特色,提出了可供借鉴学习的地方。     

对林改后加强林木采伐管理工作的探索和体会

抚州市林改工作开展一年多来,在全市各级党政的高度重视和省林业厅的具体指导下,经过广大干部群众的共同努力,改革进展顺利,理顺了产权关系,促进了森林资源增值。     

Comparing surface erosion processes in four soils from the Loess Plateau under extreme rainfall events

This research aims to improve erosion control practice in the Loess Plateau, by studying the surface erosion processes, including splash, sheet/interrill and rill erosion in four contrasting soils under high rainfall intensity (120 mm h⁻¹) with three-scale indoor artificial experiments. Four contrasting soils as sandy loam, sandy clay loam, clay loam and loamy clay were collected from different parts of the Loess Plateau. The results showed that sediment load was significantly impacted by soil properties in all three sub-processes. Splash rate (4.0–21.6 g m⁻²∙min⁻¹) was highest in sandy loam from the north part of the Loess Plateau and showed a negative power relation with the mean weight diameter of aggregates after 20 min of rainfall duration. The average sediment load by sheet/interrill erosion (6.94–42.86 g m⁻²∙min⁻¹) was highest in clay loam from middle part of the Loess Plateau, and the stable sediment load after 20 min showed a positive power relation with the silt content in soil. The average sediment load increased dramatically by rill and interrill erosion (21.03–432.16 g m⁻²∙min⁻¹), which was highest in loamy clay from south part of the Loess Plateau. The average sediment load after the occurrence of rill showed a positive power relation with clay content and a negative power relation with soil organic matter content. The impacts of slope gradient on the runoff rate and sediment load also changed with soil properties. The critical factors varied for different processes, which were the aggregate size for splash erosion, the content of silt particles and slope gradient for sheet/interrill erosion, and the content of clay particles, soil organic matter and slope gradient for rill erosion. Based on the results of the experiments, specific erosion control practices were proposed by targeting certain erosion processes in areas with different soil texture and different distribution of slope gradient. The findings from this study should support the improvement of erosion prediction and cropland management in different regions of the Loess Plateau.     

丙谷胺对产蛋鸡摄食行为及内分泌的影响

选用35周龄伊莎蛋鸡8只,分别安装慢性颈静脉血管插管.实验采用自身对照法,对照期饲喂基础日粮,丙谷胺期在喂料前填喂丙谷胺.应用摄食行为计算机监测系统(FIDAS系统)记录各个实验期产蛋鸡喂料后4h内的采食行为数据,并测定有关血液生化指标.结果显示,实验期(填喂丙谷胺后)与对照期相比较,产蛋鸡午前(8:00～12:00)与午后(13:00～17:00)4 h内摄食量分别增加27.69%与30.41%(P＜0.05),摄食时间分别降低15.67%与3.75%,摄食餐数分别增加12.32%与27.2%(P＜0.05);血糖水平分别降低5.44%与18.03%(P＜0.01),瘦素水平分别升高2.59%与7.19%,胰岛素水平分别升高33.09%(P＜0.05)与24.5%(P＜0.05).提示丙谷胺能够促进蛋鸡摄食,并影响有关内分泌激素的水平.     

膨化血粉饲喂生长犬的效果试验

选择健康的2月龄生长犬40只，随机分为3个试验组(A，B，C)和1个对照组(D)，试验组分别饲喂添加5％，10％和15％膨化血粉的复合饲料，对照组饲喂添加8％鱼粉的复合饲料，进行30d饲哏试验。试验结果表明：A，B，C组与时照组相比日增重分别提高18．97％，2．17％和-13．55％；肉料比降低了19．62％，6．19％和-7．69％。     

不同饲养水平对瑶山鸡生产性能和胴体品质的影响

文章旨在研究不同饲养水平对瑶山鸡生产性能和胴体特征的影响.试验将400只平均体重一致的1日龄瑶山鸡随机分为2组,每组4个重复,每个重复50只.2组分别饲喂代谢能水平为3155 Kcal/kg、粗蛋白质水平为225 g/kg的高能高蛋白日粮和代谢能水平为2965 Kcal/kg、粗蛋白质水平为195 g/kg的低能低蛋白...