A simulation model for predicting the voluntary feed intake of a growing pig

Abstract

The main goal of this simulator is to predict voluntary feed intake based on the effects of temperature and stocking density. The model indicates the limiting factors relative to diet (protein, energy or ash), housing environmental conditions and stocking density. The concepts of compensatory protein growth, correction of lipid growth, the desired feed intake to meet energy, protein and ash requirements, and influences of stocking density, genotype and sex are also introduced in this model. This study draws a flow chart and steps to predict feed intake of a growing pig to make it clear how the model works. The model simulates the outcomes of feed intake, energy and protein requirements for maintenance, the energy cost for cold thermogenesis, and protein and lipid retention on a daily basis until slaughter weight. This model was also validated by comparison with published experiments.     

加速发展社会主义现代化草原畜牧业

目前我国进入“WTO后过渡期”,加快向市场经济和自由贸易制度靠拢。这就要求我国草原畜牧业要改变传统经营方式,从宏观层面合理配置畜牧业资源。通过实施“北繁南育”战略,将北方地区草食家畜的繁殖优势与南方区域的草食家畜育肥优势有机结合起来,生产符合国内外市场需要的绿色畜产品,同时有效解决我国生态环境恶化、畜产品竞争力低下、农牧民增收困难的矛盾,实现我国传统草原畜牧业向现代化草原畜牧业的转变。     

放牧强度对南方人工草地和绵羊生产性能的影响(简报)

放牧强度对草地生存环境和家畜生产性能关系密切^[1]。我国对放牧强度的研究集中于北方^[2],南方草地建设比较晚,尤其是南方人工草地相关研究比较少。本试验旨在探讨南方人工草地不同放牧强度与草地植物产量和放牧家畜生产性能之间的关系,为确定合理的载牧量提供参考依据。     

Deoxynivalenol in chicken feed alters the vaccinal immune response and clinical biochemical serum parameters but not the intestinal and carcass characteristics

This study was conducted to investigate the impacts of deoxynivalenol (DON) feeding either alone or in combination with a microbial feed additive (MFA) on the immune response to a viral vaccine and serum clinical chemical parameters. Forty 1‐day‐old boiler chicks were weighed and randomly divided into four groups, 10 birds in each group: (i) control group fed with basal diet; (ii) DON group fed with basal diet artificially contaminated with 10 mg DON/kg feed; (iii) DON + MFA group fed with basal diet contaminated with 10 mg DON/kg feed and supplemented with 2.5 kg of MFA/ton feed; and (iv) MFA group fed with basal diet supplemented with 2.5 kg of MFA/ton feed. At 35 days of age, birds were slaughtered and blood was collected for investigating the antibody titre against infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) and clinical chemical parameters. The results showed that DON reduced (p = 0.032) the titre against IBV, decreased (p = 0.005) the level of alanine transaminase (ALT) (4.2 ± 0.5 U/l) compared with control birds (6.4 ± 0.5 U/l), increased (p = 0.002) the serum cholesterol concentration (144 ± 6 mg/dl) compared with their control counterparts (123 ± 5 mg/dl) and increased (p = 0.074) the amount of circulating triglycerides (62.25 ± 7.50 mg/dl) compared with controls (39.55 ± 4.74). These results indicate that dietary DON altered the humoral immune response to viral vaccine and affected the serum clinical biochemistry. However, DON in combination with MFA did not affect serum IBV titre. Taken together, DON in the feed of broilers produced an impairment of the success of IBV vaccine and affected the health of birds.     

Effect of feed type and essential oil product on equine chewing activity

The ingestive and post-digestion effect of a blend of special essential oil compounds (EO) on eating, chewing and faecal parameters were measured in horses. Ingestive effects appear after no adaptation. Post-digestion effects appear after adaptation. Six Icelandic horses were assigned to two groups in a Latin Square subplot design with EO treatments to four different roughage types and four different concentrates. The horses were fed four different roughage meals and two different concentrate meals on each of the four sampling days. Eating time and saliva were observed during meals. Jaw movements (JM) were recorded using a special chewing halter. Eating time was derived from JM and related to DM intake. The size characteristics of faecal particles were measured by using image analysis. All chewing characteristics measured were significantly affected by roughage (p < 0.001) and concentrate type (p < 0.01). EO had a significant ingestive effect on the frequency of observed saliva during concentrate meals. No significant (p < 0.05) post-digestive or ingestive effect of EO was found for any measured chewing characteristic, which was reflected in the absence of effect on faecal particle dimensions. In conclusion, effect of type of roughage and concentrate was more significant than potential effects of EO.     

玉米胚芽粕质量安全现状与应用

随着现代生物技术在玉米深加工产业中的发展和应用,副产品的产量越来越大.玉米胚芽粕是一种以玉米纤维和蛋白质为主的高营养物质,生物效价PER值与WHO/FAO推荐值相近,近似于人奶和鸡蛋生物学价值,目前已用于育肥猪、反刍动物和家禽饲料添加.本研究对玉米胚芽粕的品质进行分析,以期将这一廉价的饲料资源进一步合理开发利用,取得更...     

猪鸡联养研究

研究表明笼养肉鸡的鸡粪中粗蛋白含量比平面养的高１６．４７个百分点，而粗纤维低９．１２个百分点。用鸡粪喂猪，其饲料报酬同加入鸡粪的比例呈正相关，如日粮中添加３０－６０％鸡粪，其饲料报酬提高１５．３２－５５．３２％；同样加入４０％鸡粪喂猪，鸡粪经发酵的饲料报酬又比不发酵的高９．６２％。为使育肥猪得到较好的增重，还应将日粮的营养水平调整到接近饲养标准，猪鸡联养规模，一个专业户一次批量以肉鸡１０００－１５００羽，联养生猪１０－２０头为宜。     

中国饲料经济现状与营销模式转变之探

随着关键词结构性改革政策的不断推进,以及我国环保压力的不断增强,饲料行业面临着前所未有的挑战.本文以我国饲料行业为研究对象,进一步分析当前我国饲料行业的经济现状,深度挖掘目前行业的发展情况、市场宏观环境和政策背景等,并对比我国饲料行业与其他国家饲料行业的发展情况,得出目前我国饲料行业的发展困境.营销模式是企业经营发展的...     

杆菌肽类饲料添加剂在畜禽养殖中的应用

杆菌肽作为抗菌饲料添加剂使用已经有50多年的历史了,本文主要杆菌肽锌和亚甲基水杨酸抗生素类饲料添加剂的药理作用、毒性安全、动物保健效果、国内外生产使用情况等方面进行了综述。