粮食营养价值的缺陷与对策

文章详细了粮食营养价值的缺陷，如蛋白质的质量，氨基酸的比例等，重点介绍了改善这种状况的三种方法。     

Analysis on Sustained Release of Protein from Microcapsule Prepared by Alginate

The paper studies a drug deliversy system for protein and find the optimum preparation condition.Cross-linked alginate(Alg) microcapsule was used to prepare microcapsule for protein,using bovine serum album(BSA) as a model drug.Effect of different cations and content of protein on configuration,size and enveloped rate of microcapsule were investigated.It is shown that Ba-Alg microcapsule has steady configuration,homogeneous size and high-enveloped rate.Also electrophoresis of native BSA before microencapsulation and after microencapsulation is measured by(SDS-PAGE),it is found that no significant change is observed BSA integrity.Release of BSA from microcapsule in vitro presents sustained release in some extent,and initial burst effect is significantly obvious.Microenpsulation drug in alginate will be a wishful drug delivery system.     

Mechanism and Progress About Protein Crystal Growth by Atomic Force Microscopy

Atomic Force Microscopy(AFM) plays a very important role in researching crystal growth mechanism, especially protein crystals. The principle of AFM for protein crystal examination is briefly described as well as the importance of research on protein crystal growth, known growth mechanisms including 2-D steps nucleation, spiral dislocation, normal growth, 3-D nucleation and anisotropic development, and latest progress about eucommia antifungal protein(EAFP) and Trichosanthin(TCS) protein crystal growth mechanism, respectively. Finally, protein growth under microgravity environment is also expounded here and their development tendency and practical prospect.     

低比转数离心泵叶轮出口紊流流动结构分析

在叶轮内三维紊流流动数值计算的基础上，从介质能量的观点，分析了不同工况下低比转数离心泵叶轮出口处的紊流流动结构。数值计算采用SIMPLEC算法，在贴体坐标系下求解Navier—Stokes方程，紊流模型采用标准的κ—ε模型。计算结果表明，在叶轮的出口附近靠近吸力面一侧存在一个低能区，而压力面一侧能量相对较高。这与有关文献中所指出的离心风机的“射流—尾流”结构相对应。当偏离设计工况时，该低能区的范围和强度略有增加，相对应的叶轮效率也降低。计算结果与水泵在这些工况下的效率实验结果相一致，说明低能区的存在是影响低比转数离心泵效率的重要因素。     

Progress in RNA-binding protein HuR and its roles in development of hepatocellular carcinoma

RNA-binding proteins （RBP） are molecules with a variety of biological functions discovered in recent years. Among them, HuR is an important RBP, widely expressed in various tissues of the body, and is a member of the Hu/embryonic lethal abnormal vision （ELAV） protein family. It mainly affects the expression levels of target genes in the cells by regulating the stability and/or translation efficiency of the mRNA of the genes, thus participating in the regulation of cell life activities. In recent years, more and more studies on HuR have revealed its important role in inflammation and cancer. This review summarizes the functions of HuR and probes into the regulation of HuR functions. In addition, the roles of HuR in the occurrence and development of hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC） are also discussed, which provides important information for exploring the pathogenesis, biomarkers and therapeutic targets of HCC.     

布鲁菌外膜蛋白及毒力因子研究进展

布鲁菌细胞膜的基本结构包括脂多糖和外膜蛋白,与细菌的毒力及免疫原性相关。文章描述了布鲁菌外膜蛋白分子结构的最新进展。该菌的外膜蛋白由第一组、第二组和第三组外膜蛋白构成。第一组外膜蛋白对维持布鲁菌外膜蛋白的结构起重要作用;第二组包括36 ku~38 ku外膜蛋白,为膜孔蛋白,由Omp2a和Omp2b基因编码,其中38 ku蛋白基因可能是一个与毒力相关的基因;第三组外膜蛋白包括31 ku和25 ku两个相关的蛋白,具有重要的免疫功能。31 ku蛋白属膜孔蛋白,25 ku蛋白还与毒力有关。文章也介绍了布鲁菌毒力因子研究的最新进展。     

转基因小麦Puroindoline蛋白SDS-PAGE 方法的研究与应用

小麦嘌呤吲哚蛋白(Puroindoline)是优质遗传特性硬度的生化标记,对小麦磨粉品质起决定性作用.对目前分析此类蛋白的两类Triton-X-114和Tricine-SDS-PAGE系统进行了优化和比较,建立了详细的适合半子粒分离Pin蛋白的电泳方法.采用此法检测转pinA基因的硬粒小麦P34的后代以及转基因硬粒小麦之间杂交子代的外源基因pinA的表达情况,取得了良好的效果.该方法为Puroindoline蛋白的进一步研究奠定了基础,为小麦品质生化和分子标记辅助育种提供了方法.     

苹果砧木M26试管苗不定根发育过程中蛋白质的变化

为进一步了解木本植物不定根发生、发育的机理,对苹果砧木M26试管苗不定根的发生、发育过程进行解剖观察,利用十二烷基磺酸钠聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(SDS-PAGE)对M26试管苗在接入生根培养基前后,不同时期表达的蛋白进行了研究。结果发现:在不定根原基形成和发育的阶段性过程中,茎基部蛋白质的种类和数量出现明显差异。生根培养后,在继代苗茎基部表达的5条蛋白条带减弱或消失,其分子量分别为26.8 kDa、37kDa、40.3 kDa、43 kDa和66 kDa;明显表达了4条新的蛋白条带,其分子量分别为26 kDa、27.7 kDa、32.5 kDa、和45 kDa,同时有4条蛋白条带(38.5 kDa、42 kDa、53.2 kDa和55.5 kDa)其表达丰度提高。多种蛋白条带的消失和出现,可作为M26试管苗不定根产生的生化标志。在不定根原基逐步形成发育的同时,有3条蛋白条带的表达丰度也逐步提高,可作为不定根形成过程表达的特异标记蛋白带。     

编码杜果丝氨酸/苏氨酸蛋白激酶类蛋白抗病基因同源序列的克隆与分析

根据丝氨酸／苏氨酸蛋白激酶类催化结构域Ⅰ和Ⅸ的氨基酸保守序列设计简并引物,PCR扩增‘紫花芒’杧果嫩绿色叶片基因组DNA。在NCBI中用Blast X比对发现,有6个阳性克隆是抗病基因同源序列,并命名为PK1～PK6,GenBank注册序列号为AY693369-AY693371和AY776277-AY776279。在PK3、PK4和PK6中发现了丝氨酸／苏氨酸蛋白激酶的9个催化结构域Ⅰ～Ⅸ,而其它3个克隆具有部分结构域。氨基酸序列同源性分析还发现,6个克隆编码的氨基酸序列都与受体样蛋白激酶有较高的氨基酸序列同源性。系统进化树分析还表明它们都是可能的抗病基因同源序列。总之,6个克隆不仅是抗病基因同源序列而且是可能的受体样蛋白激酶基因同源序列。