Effects of 17/0 circle hooks and bait on fish catches in a Southern Atlantic swordfish longline fishery

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罗非鱼活性肽分离及抗氧化能力研究

利用正交试验L9(34),以清除超氧自由基能力为指标,分别对木瓜蛋白酶、中性蛋白酶水解罗非鱼肉的水解条件进行优化,并对最佳清除率下的两种酶解物进行Sephadex G-50凝胶柱分离,检测了各组分对超氧自由基清除率及活性肽分子量分布情况.结果表明:中性蛋白酶在45 ℃、酶的质量分数2.0%、水解105 min及肉水比1∶3的水解条件下对超氧自由基有较好清除作用;木瓜蛋白酶在60 ℃、酶的质量分数2.0%、时间150 min及肉水比1∶2的水解条件下对超氧自由基有较好清除效果.木瓜蛋白酶酶解物在分子量为660 Da的多肽洗脱峰具有最大超氧自由基清除率,中性蛋白酶酶产物在分子量为1320 Da多肽洗脱峰具有最大超氧自由基清除率.     

Culture of mantle epithelial cells expressing shell matrix proteins from scallop Patinopecten yessoensis

ABSTRACT:   In molluscs, mantle epithelial cells secrete organic matrix proteins to form shells. In this study, we established a culture of mantle epithelial cells by using the mantle pallial layer of scallops. We aimed to identify the mantle epithelial cells expressing scallop shell matrix proteins and establish a culture system of epithelial cells. After the mantle pallial layer was carefully isolated from the mantle tissue, explant culture was performed at 4°C. Most cells that migrated from the explant tissue were round cells. Most of the adhered cells retained round morphology, while some of the cells adhered to the dish and showed morphology similar to that of epithelial-like and fibroblast-like cells. When the cultured cells were immunostained with a polyclonal antibody against the shell matrix protein, the antibody recognized many of the adhered cells. An estimation of the number of epithelial cells revealed that approximately 70% of the adhered cells were epithelial cells. This is the first report to describe epithelial cells in cultured mantle cells, which express shell matrix proteins. This culture system may be a useful method for characterization of the mantle epithelial cells.     

Phenethyl isothiocyanate as an anti-nutritional factor attenuates deoxynivalenol-induced IPEC-J2 cell injury through inhibiting ROSmediated autophagy

Deoxynivalenol(DON)is considered to be the most harmful mycotoxin that affects the intestinal health of animals and humans.Phenethyl isothiocyanate(PEITC)in feedstuff is an anti-nutritional factor and impairs nutrient digestion and absorption in the animal intestinal.In the current study,we aimed to explore the effects of PEITC on DON-induced apoptosis,intestinal tight junction disorder,and its potential molecular mechanism in the porcine jejunum epithelial cell line(IPEC-J2).Our results indicated that PEITC treatment markedly alleviated DON-induced cytotoxicity,decreasing the apoptotic cell percentage and pro-apoptotic mRNA/protein levels,and increasing zonula occludens-1(ZO-1),occludin and claudin-1 mRNA/protein expression.Meanwhile,PEITC treatment ameliorated DON-induced an increase of the inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS)and cyclooxygenase 2(COX-2)mRNA levels and intracellular reactive oxygen species(ROS)level,and a decrease of glutathione peroxidase 1(GPx1),superoxide dismutase 2(SOD2),catalase(CAT)and heme oxygenase 1(HO-1)mRNA levels.Additionally,PEITC treatment significantly down-regulated autophagy-related protein 5(ATG5),beclin-1 and microtubuleassociated protein 1 light chain 3B(LC3-II)mRNA/protein levels,decreased the number of green fluorescent protein-microtubule-associated protein 1 light-chain 3(GFP-LC3)puncta and phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase(PI3K)protein expression,and up-regulated phospho-protein kinase B(p-Akt)and phospho-mammalian target of rapamycin(p-mTOR)protein expression against DON.However,the activation of autophagy by rapamycin,an autophagy agonist,abolished the protective effects of PEITC against DON-induced cytotoxicity,apoptosis and intestinal tight junction disorder.Collectively,PEITC could confer protection against DON-induced porcine intestinal epithelial cell injury by suppressing ROSmediated autophagy.     

奶牛乳腺上皮细胞三维培养的形态观察

利用原代培养后纯化的奶牛乳腺上皮细胞,以Matrigel为基质胶原,进行奶牛乳腺上皮细胞的三维培养,细胞接种浓度分别为1×104、1×105和1×106个细胞/mL。经过16d培养后,用DAPI对细胞染色,利用荧光显微镜观察细胞生长状况。结果表明,当细胞接种浓度为1×104～1×105个细胞/mL时,细胞形成了团块状结构,出现了类似腔状的腺泡形态。     

含蛋氨酸二肽影响奶牛乳腺上皮细胞乳蛋白合成相关基因表达

本试验旨在研究含蛋氨酸(Met)二肽对奶牛乳腺上皮细胞(BMECs)内乳蛋白合成相关基因表达的影响。试验分3部分,均采用单因子完全随机试验设计,Met的添加浓度及培养时间分别为60μg/m L(0.402 mmol/L)、48 h。第1部分,培养液添加8种含Met二肽[蛋氨酸-蛋氨酸(P-Met-Met)、蛋氨酸-赖氨酸(P-Met-Lys)、蛋氨酸-色氨酸(P-Met-Trp)、蛋氨酸-苯丙氨酸(P-Met-Phe)、蛋氨酸-苏氨酸(P-Met-Thr)、蛋氨酸-异亮氨酸(P-Met-Ile)、蛋氨酸-亮氨酸(P-Met-Leu)、蛋氨酸-缬氨酸(P-Met-Val)],以不添加二肽为对照,测定BMECs乳蛋白合成相关基因(αs1-酪蛋白、β-酪蛋白、κ-酪蛋白、β-乳球蛋白、Ⅱ型小肽转运载体和氨肽酶氮)的表达量;第2部分,培养液添加8种与上述二肽对应的游离氨基酸(F-Met-Met、F-Met-Lys、F-MetTrp、F-M et-Phe、F-M et-Thr、F-M et-Ile、F-M et-Leu、F-M et-Val),以不添加游离氨基酸为对照,测定BM ECs乳蛋白合成相关基因的表达量;第3部分,用二肽等物质的量替代相应游离氨基酸,测定BMECs乳蛋白合成相关基因的表达量以及细胞内外氨肽酶含量。结果表明:P-Met-Met和P-M et-Lys组较对照组和其他二肽组上调了αs1-酪蛋白和β-酪蛋白基因的表达量,且P-M et-M et组优于P-Met-Lys组。F-Met-Met和F-Met-Lys组较对照组和其他游离氨基酸组显著提高了αs1-酪蛋白基因的表达量(P0.05)。除P-Met-Val和P-Met-Leu组外,其他二肽替代游离氨基酸后均不同程度地提高了乳蛋白和Ⅱ型小肽转运载体基因的表达量,其中P-Met-Met表现出较好的促进效果。总之,含Met二肽等量替代对应的游离氨基酸能够促进乳蛋白基因的表达,其中尤以P-Met-Met的效果最好。     

超临界流体萃取技术在农药残留分析中的应用进展

从萃取过程控制的角度，综述了近几年来国外超临界流体技术不同形态的基体的农药残留分析中的应用情况、研究现状及前景。     

丹参注射液实验性药效作用

实验结果表明,丹参注射液分别在3×10~(-3)g/ml和6×10~(-3)g/ml浓度时,小白鼠子宫活动呈轻度弛缓,记录图形波谷略下延,收缩间隔延长,子宫活动较用药前有明显差别(P<0.05);妊娠小白鼠每只一次皮下注射0.2 mI丹参注射液,每日1次,连续3次,试期无一例发生流产,妊娠鼠均产下健康乳鼠;用妊娠山羊作同样实验(山羊体重30kg左右,每次每只皮下注射10ml丹参液,约含生药10g,每日1次,连续3次),同样无一例发生流产,妊娠期满顺利产下健康羊羔;丹参注射液离体兔耳灌流后,兔耳皮肤血管短暂徼弱扩张,但用药前后流量变化差异不明显(P>0.05)。     

Ultrastructure of Colonic Epithelial Cells in Vitamin E and Selenium Deficient Pigs

Pigs deficient in vitamin E and selenium had a decreased contrast of the intracellular membranes compared with pigs supplemented with vitamin E and selenium. Other common changes in the deficient animals included a reduced number of microvilli, with a short and irregular appearance, numerous swollen mitochondria with empty spaces and intercellular oedema. It is suggested that these morphological changes are attributed to the insufficient supply of vitamin E and selenium, though it is not excluded that particular intestinal factors may participate in the development of the lesions.