超声提取优选研究多叶棘豆各药用部位盐酸小檗碱的分布

[目的]比较2种超声提取工艺研究多叶棘豆茎、叶、根、种子中盐酸小檗碱分布的不同。[方法]采用2种超声提取工艺对蒙药多叶棘豆茎、叶、根、种子中盐酸小檗碱进行提取并优选(方法Ⅰ是先将蒙药进行超声提取后放置24 h,方法Ⅱ是将蒙药先室温放置24 h再进行超声提取)。在波长426 nm处用分光光度法测定,计算盐酸小檗碱的含量和回收率。[结果]多叶棘豆茎中盐酸小檗碱分布最多,叶、根、种子盐酸小檗碱分布明显减少,而2种提取工艺中方法Ⅱ优于方法Ⅰ,加样回收率在92.58%~110.00%,RSD在0.782 3%~0.974 9%。[结论]多叶棘豆各药用部位盐酸小檗碱分布不均,茎中分布明显多,2种不同超声提取工艺中方法Ⅱ优于方法Ⅰ。     

Dietary supplementation with pioglitazone hydrochloride and l-carnosine improves the growth performance,muscle fatty acid profiles and shelf life of yellow-feathered broiler chickens

The present study aimed to investigate the effects of dietary pioglitazone hydrochloride (PGZ) and l-carnosine (LC) supplementation on the growth performance, meat quality, antioxidant status, and meat shelf life of yellow-feathered broiler chickens. Five hundred broiler chickens were randomly assigned into 4 experimental diets using a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement with 2 PGZ supplemental levels (0 and 15 mg/kg) and 2 LC supplemental levels (0 and 400 mg/kg) in basal diets for 28 d. The feed-to-gain ratio decreased whereas the average daily gain increased with PGZ supplementation. Greater dressing percentages, contents of intramuscular fat (IMF) in breast and thigh muscles, C18:3n-6, C18:1n-9 and monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) percentages of thigh muscle were observed with PGZ addition. Additionally, significant synergistic effects between PGZ and LC on the C18:1n-9 and MUFA contents were found. Supplementation with LC decreased drip loss, cooking loss and total volatile basic nitrogen, and increased the redness (a∗) value, the superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities in thigh muscles. Moreover, the malondialdehyde content decreased when diets were supplemented with LC, and there was a synergistic effect between PGZ and LC. Additionally, the mRNA abundance of lipogenesis-related genes, such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), PPARγ co-activator 1α and fatty acid-binding protein 3, increased with PGZ supplementation, and relevant antioxidation genes, such as nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 and superoxide dismutase 1, were enhanced with LC supplementation. In conclusion, the results indicated that the supplementation of PGZ and LC could improve the growth performance, antioxidant ability, IMF content, and meat shelf life of yellow-feathered broiler chickens.