Impact of cash crop cultivation on household income and migration decisions: Evidence from low-income regions in China

This study examines the impact of cash crop cultivation on household income and migration decisions, using survey data collected from low-income regions in China. Given farmers decide themselves whether to cultivate cash crops, an endogenous treatment regression model that accounts for potential selection bias issue is used to analyze the data. The empirical results show that cash crop cultivation exerts a positive and statistically significant impact on household income, but it does not affect household migration decisions significantly. The disaggregated analyses reveal that cash crop cultivation significantly increases farm income but decreases off-farm income.     

磁处理改善豌豆根际土壤生物学性状

采用盆栽的方法,分析磁处理对豌豆根际土壤生物学性状的影响,旨在探究磁处理对豌豆根际土壤肥力及健康状况的影响。试验设置无处理（对照CK）,添加铁粉（A）、磁化铁粉（B）、场强为0.2特斯拉（T）磁铁+铁粉（C）以及0.2 T磁铁（D）的处理,基于高通量测序技术分析磁处理对豌豆根际土壤生物学性状的影响。结果表明：C处理显著增加豌豆根际土壤中可培养细菌和真菌数量,同时微生物生物量C、N、P与CK相比分别增加了34.0%、46.0%、44.2%;β-葡萄糖苷酶、氨肽酶、磷酸酶酶活性分别增加了24.6%、23.7%、31.8%;另一方面,C处理中土壤细菌丰富度和多样性指数Ace、Chao1、Shannon指数显著高于CK;属（Genus）分类水平韦恩图分析中上,CK处理特有的属细菌主要有3个：Sneathiella、Desulfurispora、nannocystaceae;A处理特有的属细菌有7个;B处理特有的属细菌亦有7个;C处理特有的属细菌有11个;D处理特有的属细菌有8个。综上所述,C处理能够显著提高豌豆根际土壤中可培养微生物数量、微生物生物量（C、N、P）、酶活性和细菌多样性等多项指示土壤肥力和健康状况的生物学指标,表明磁场强度为0.2 T的磁铁+5 g磁化铁粉处理具有提高土壤肥力抵御土传病害的能力。     

激素和热水处理对姜荷花种子发芽的影响

【目的】以姜荷花杂交种子为研究对象,通过不同浸种处理试验,打破姜荷花种子休眠,缩短姜荷花育种周期。【方法】利用激素、热水组合处理的方式,设置不同的浓度和浸种时间,以清水为对照,在 28 ℃条件下采用培养皿滤纸法催芽 60 d,统计发芽势和发芽率。【结果】与对照相比,外源激素和热水处理均能有效打破姜荷花种子休眠,使其提前 1 个月开始发芽。外源激素浸种试验中,400 mg/L GA3 浸种处理效果最好,发芽势和发芽率分别为 29.3%、50.7%;80 ℃热水浸种 5 min 效果最好,发芽势和发芽率分别为 10.3%、17%,但部分种子出现烫死现象;在组合浸种处理试验中,60 ℃热水浸种 10 min + 400 mg/L GA3 浸种 24 h 为最佳的处理组合,发芽势为 40.7%,播种 60 d 发芽率达到 64.3%。【结论】激素和热水组合处理对姜荷花种子解除休眠的效果显著优于其他处理,浸种后种子发芽提前,出苗更加整齐,适合育种实践中推广应用。     

一例猪圆环病毒病继发链球菌的诊治

猪感染圆环病毒后,因免疫系统遭到破坏而容易继发其他疾病,如果猪圆环病毒病继发感染链球菌,对养猪业危害巨大。2019年4月年对辽宁地区某规模化猪场发生的疫情进行了实验室诊断,并根据检测结果提出了治疗方案,疫情得到控制。     

福州地区牡丹低温催花初探

以5个牡丹品种为材料在福州地区进行低温催花试验。结果表明:不同牡丹品种解除休眠所需的低温不同;在一定范围内,适当降低处理温度,可相应缩短低温时数;低温的累积过程是解除牡丹休眠的过程。     

罗布泊盐湖沉积物磁性特征及其环境意义

以罗布泊盐湖沉积物为研究对象,以环境磁学为主要研究方法,探讨罗布泊盐湖沉积物磁性特征的影响因素和环境意义.根据磁性特征可将罗布泊LOP1剖面沉积物分为两类:磁铁矿主导和铁硫化物(胶黄铁矿和黄铁矿)主导.磁铁矿主要来源于物源区塔里木盆地.胶黄铁矿和黄铁矿是早期还原成岩作用的产物,对磁性特征产生显著影响,胶黄铁矿主导层具有...     

一起羊传染性脓疱的诊治

秦州区汪川镇刘斜村,属贫困村,养殖户共计18户,其中养猪户10户,养鸡户2户,养牛户4户,养羊户2户,总计饲养量达11300余头只,属养殖大村。两户养羊户共计饲养羊82只,发病17只,发病率20.7%。给养殖户造成了重大的经济损失。本文根据发病情况、病因调查、临床检查、综合诊断,提出有效的防治措施,从治疗效果上取得了显著的成效,治愈率100%,为养殖户最大程度地降低了经济损失。获得了良好的社会效益。     

近江牡蛎（Crassostrea hongkongensis）家系早期发育生长比较

选取数量性状有较大差异的6个近江牡蛎（Crassostrea hongkongensis）作为亲本,成功建赢了9个半同胞家系,并对各个家系的受精、孵化、成活和早期生长的情况进行比较。结果显示,各家系子代的受精率、9孵化率和成活率均受亲本成熟度的影响;各家系的早期生长中,家系CH1、CH4和CH7的生长率大于其他家系;近江牡蛎幼虫的早期生长阶段受母本效应影响明显。     

Settling velocity characterization of aquacultural solids

A top-loading settling column is described and used to characterize the settling properties of the solids in the discharge water from a commercial rainbow trout production facility. Mass-based and phosphorus-based settling curves are presented. The median settling velocity on a mass-basis for the settleable solids was 1.7 cm s⁻¹. The median settling velocity for the settleable phosphorus was 1.15 cm s⁻¹. Manually stripping fecal material from rainbow trout resulted in settleable solids with a median settling velocity of 0.7 cm s⁻¹. Examination of the settling velocity curves show that halving the overflow rate (OFR) from 2 to 1 cm s⁻¹ changes the removal efficiency from 0.61 to 0.73, an increase of about 20%. Halving the OFR again to 0.5 cm s⁻¹ increases the removal efficiency to 0.81, an improvement of about 11%. Settling characteristics of aquacultural solids will vary from facility to facility. The methods described in this paper can be used to perform a similar type of analysis at other aquacultural sites, which may be growing other species under different management regimes.     

Characterization of Collagen Enzymatic Hydrolysates Derived from Lizardfish (Synodus fuscus) Scales

Acid soluble collagen was extracted from the scales of lizardfish and characterized with sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and amino acid analysis. After 8 h of collagen hydrolysis, hydrolysates had an estimated degree of hydrolysis (DH) from 4 ± 0.05 to 25 ± 0.63% (p < 0.05). All hydrolysates had angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitory and antioxidant activity. These activity levels showed little change after treatment with gastrointestinal proteases. Results indicated that the lizardfish by-products may be improved by enzymatic treatment with acid-soluble collagen from lizardfish scales.