日本魁蒿引种效果及丰产栽培关键技术

日本魁蒿由于用途广,使其种子在国际市场上供不应求,通过引种制种返销出口,可促进农村经济的发展。在山东枣庄引种日本魁蒿,通过栽培试验摸索出一套丰产栽培技术,栽植密度为9990株／hm^2,施肥量为900kg／hm^2时,可获得最大的种子产量。从经济效益角度讲,采用9990株／hm^2的留苗密度和750kg／hm^2的施肥用量,可获最大经济效益。     

EV生物肥不同用量对伊贝母品质的影响

采用单因素试验设计,研究不同EV生物肥用量(5个处理)对伊贝母品质的影响。结果表明:1伊贝母在60 kg·hm~(-2)(处理3)EV生物肥用量下,贝母素甲、贝母素乙含量为:始花期﹥萌芽期﹥末花期,菌肥用量大于或小于60 kg·hm~(-2)时,3种有效成分(贝母素甲、贝母素乙和西贝母碱苷)含量均为:萌芽期﹥始花期﹥末花期;2相关性分析结果表明,萌芽期西贝母碱苷含量、始花期贝母素甲和贝母素乙含量与EV生物肥用量之间呈负相关,其余时期的有效成分含量与EV生物肥用量之间呈正相关;3建立了EV生物肥用量与贝母素甲、贝母素乙和西贝母碱苷含量的一元二次函数模型,以贝母素甲和贝母素乙含量为收获目标,通过大田种植伊贝母获得适宜的EV生物肥用量:萌芽期120 kg·hm~(-2),始花期和末花期60~73.5 kg·hm~(-2);以西贝母碱苷含量为收获目标,获得EV生物肥的施用量:萌芽期为0 kg·hm~(-2),始花期和末花期为63~81 kg·hm~(-2)。     

缩节胺对棉花苗期主茎生长的影响

研究喷施不同浓度的缩节胺(DPC)对棉花苗期主茎生长的影响,结果表明:在苗期喷施3～7.5g/hm2的缩节胺,棉花主茎日增长量比对照增加0.03～0.05cm,增长百分比为7%～11%;喷施15～60g/hm2的缩节胺,棉花主茎日增长量和对照相比降低0.1～0.12cm,降低百分比为9%～27%;对主茎日增长量的影响,DPC的作用从第6天开始,第15天作用减弱;DPC作用持续的时间和缩节胺的用量有关,其中持续时间较长的缩节胺用量为20g/hm2。     

Dietary regimen of the woodpigeon (Columba palumbus)

Recently, new agricultural policies and European Directives brought to important changes in farming practice, some of which could affect food availability for the wild bird population endangering biodiversity. This study aims to evaluate the consequences of such agricultural changes in France on the woodpigeon's dietary regimen. A total of 1,093 woodpigeons were collected over a four-year period (2014–2017). Voluntary sampling was performed in six regions in the south-west of France by local hunters during this species’ autumnal migration and wintering. Ingluvies contents were recovered, macroscopically and microscopically identified, and then weighed before and after drying. Five food groups were identified: acorns, corn, green plant material, cultivated seeds and others. ANOVA testing followed by Tukey's test for multiple comparison were performed (R version 3.5.2). Significance was set at p < .05. A total of 762 woodpigeons met the study's inclusion criteria. Mean weight of total crop contents was less of 9 grams of dry matter. Most frequent food groups were “green plant material” (70.3%), acorns (42.3%) and corn (27.2%). In terms of grams of dry matter, the most important food in the crop content were acorns (62%): these were eaten more during the first two hunting seasons (p < .001), and in region A, lower amount was consumed compared to all other regions. On the contrary, corn intake peaked during the third year (p < .001), and in region A, birds had an increasing intake of this cereal. Cultivated seeds contributed to the diet more during migration (p = .007), while “green plant material” and others more during wintering (p = .011; p = .004). In conclusion, results confirm the opportunistic nature of the woodpigeon, balancing its diet according to food availability. Corn was eaten more in areas where the winter burying of chopped maize stover (mulching), provided by the Nitrate's directive, was in derogation.     

农药基础知识及注意事项

介绍了农药的分类、剂型、毒性、使用方法、注意事项及常用病虫害防治机械等,以供参考。     

甜瓜属不同倍性异源多倍体光合特性及超微结构研究

以不同倍性的甜瓜属二倍体种间杂种F_1、异源三倍体和异源四倍体为试材,比较了三者间光合特性和超微结构的差异。结果表明:与种间杂种F_1相比,异源四倍体的净光合速率(P_n)、气孔导度(G_s)、蒸腾速率(T_r)、PSⅡ电子传递量子效率(φPSⅡ)和光化学猝灭系数(qP)显著升高,并且叶绿体、线粒体、基粒和片层的数目也显著增多,表现出明显的基因组剂量效应。异源三倍体的P_n、G_s、ΦPAⅡ及线粒体和片层数目显著高于异源四倍体,表现出明显的杂种优势。