泌乳驴的日粮蛋白水平对驴驹生长发育的影响

试验旨在研究泌乳驴的日粮蛋白水平对驴驹生长发育的影响.选取健康、体况良好的5岁龄、胎次(1.9±0.4)胎、体重(240±30)kg、泌乳日期(29±5)d的带驹德州三粉驴24头,分为3个处理组(H、M、L组),饲喂蛋白水平分别为13.18％、12.22％和11.34％的日粮.每个处理组4个重复,每个重复2头驴.正式试...     

德州驴生长激素基因的克隆与序列分析

摘要：【研究目的】为了研究德州驴生长激素基因的多态性及其对生长发育的影响,【方法】根据不同物种同一基因序列的同源性比对结果,在线设计引物,应用PCR 技术克隆基因,用生物信息学方法对获得的德州驴GH基因DNA序列及其推定cDNA、氨基酸序列进行分析。【结果】结果表明德州驴GH基因DNA序列约为1928bp,包含完整的5个外显子和4个内含子,德州驴GH基因DNA序列与德宝矮马67、蒙古马、猪、牛、绵羊和人GH基因序列的同源性分别为98.8%、98.2%、79.4%、68.3%、70.9%和68.3%,cDNA编码的氨基酸序列同源性分别为99.5%、98.6%、97.2%、89.8%、88.9%和68.4%。【结论】表明GH基因在进化上非常保守。     

驴骨胶原肽制备方法的初步建立及分子量检测

旨在建立驴骨胶原肽的制备方法,并对其分子量进行检测.以牛血清白蛋白为对照品,建立多肽含量和OD650 nm值的标准曲线方程;模拟人工胃液、肠液环境,以驴骨胶原肽一级、二级酶解产物多肽含量为评价指标,在筛选胃蛋白酶和胰蛋白酶最佳酶解时间和加酶量的基础上,采用二级生物酶解技术制备驴骨胶原肽;应用SDS-PAGE法对制备的驴...     

Diagnosis of severe traumatic brain injury using multimodal imaging in a donkey

A 6‐month‐old donkey presented with recumbency after rearing and falling over. A presumptive diagnosis of traumatic brain injury secondary to a skull fracture was made following the clinical examination, although a fracture could not be identified on radiography. To provide a definitive diagnosis, for planning any surgical intervention and to obtain prognostic information, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging were performed. An occipital depression skull fracture with secondary haemorrhage and oedema of the cerebellum and brainstem were identified. The imaging findings were confirmed at pathological examination. This report describes the imaging features of a traumatic brain injury in a donkey.     

Cardiopulmonary effects during anaesthesia induced and maintained with propofol in acepromazine pre‐medicated donkeys

ObjectiveTo evaluate the cardiopulmonary effects of anaesthesia induced and maintained with propofol in acepromazine pre-medicated donkeys.Study designProspective experimental study.AnimalsSix healthy male donkeys weighing 78–144 kg.MethodsDonkeys were pre-medicated with intravenous (IV) acepromazine (0.04 mg kg⁻¹). Ten minutes later, anaesthesia was induced with IV propofol (2 mg kg⁻¹) and anaesthesia maintained by continuous IV infusion of the propofol (0.2 mg kg⁻¹ minute⁻¹) for 30 minutes. Baseline measurements of physiological parameters, and arterial blood samples were taken before the acepromazine administration, then 5, 15, 30, 45, and 60 minutes after the induction of anaesthesia. Changes from baseline were analysed by anova for repeated measures.ResultsWhen compared with baseline (standing) values, during anaesthesia heart rate increased throughout: significant at 5 (p = 0.001) and 15 (p = 0.015) minutes. Mean arterial blood pressure increased significantly only at 15 minutes (p < 0.001). Respiratory rate and arterial pH did not change significantly. PaO₂ was lower throughout anaethesia, but this only reached significance at 15 minutes (p = 0.041). PaCO₂ was statistically (but not clinically) significantly reduced at the times of 30 (p = 0.02), 45 (p = 0.01) and 60 (p = 0.04). Rectal temperature decreased significantly at all times of the study.Conclusions and clinical relevanceAdministration of propofol by the continuous infusion rate for the maintenance of anaesthesia resulted in stable cardiopulmonary effects and could prove to be clinically useful in donkeys.     

驴抗猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒IgG注射液的制备工艺及质量监控

用繁殖与呼吸障碍综合征病毒灭活抗原加佐剂接种关中驴 ,采用基础免疫和强化免疫程序 ,于接种后 9～ 1 1d采集其血浆 ,从中分离 ,提纯免疫球蛋白IgG。制备出抗PRRSV特异性的IgG注射液。对制备出的五批IgG注射液产品进行了血清中和试验 ,结果显示IgG抗体效价均达 1∶32 0以上 ,表明该法可以成功制备抗猪繁殖与呼吸障碍综合征病毒免疫球蛋白IgG注射液 ,并对其制备工艺及质量监控进行了多次试验 ,结果显示该生物制剂制造的工艺流程重复性好 ,IgG获得率较理想 ,质量稳定     

Evaluation of cardiorespiratory and biochemical effects of ketamine‐propofol and guaifenesin‐ketamine‐xylazine anesthesia in donkeys (Equus asinus)

ObjectivesTo evaluate the cardiorespiratory and biochemical effects of ketamine-propofol (KP) or guaifenesin-ketamine-xylazine (GKX) anesthesia in donkeys.Study designProspective crossover trial.AnimalsEight healthy, standard donkeys, aged 10 ± 5 years and weighing 153 ± 23 kg.MethodsDonkeys were premedicated with 1.0 mg kg^?1 of xylazine (IV) in both treatments. Eight donkeys were administered ketamine (1.5 mg kg^?1) and propofol (0.5 mg kg^?1) for induction, and anesthesia was maintained by constant rate infusion (CRI) of ketamine (0.05 mg kg^?1 minute^?1) and propofol (0.15 mg kg^?1 minute^?1) in the KP treatment. After 10 days, diazepam (0.05 mg kg^?1) and ketamine (2.2 mg kg^?1) were administered for induction, and anesthesia was maintained by a CRI (2.0 mL kg^?1 hour^?1) of ketamine (2.0 mg mL^?1), xylazine (0.5 mg mL^?1) and guaifenesin (50 mg mL^?1) solution. Quality of anesthesia was assessed along with cardiorespiratory and biochemical measurements.ResultsAnesthetic induction took longer in GKX than in KP. The induction was considered good in 7/8 with KP and in 6/8 in GKX. Anesthetic recovery was classified as good in 7/8 animals in both treatments. Xylazine administration decreased heart rate (HR) in both treatments, but in KP the HR increased and was higher than GKX throughout the anesthetic period. Respiratory rate was higher in GKX than in KP. PaO₂ decreased significantly in both groups during the anesthetic period. Glucose concentrations [GLU] increased and rectal temperature and PCV decreased in both treatments. Arterial lactate [LAC] increased at recovery compared with all time points in KP. [GLU] and calcium were higher in GKX than in KP at recovery.Conclusion and clinical relevanceThese protocols induced significant hypoxemia but no other cardiorespiratory or metabolic changes. These protocols could be used to maintain anesthesia in donkeys, however, they were not tested in animals undergoing surgery.     

六个家驴品种mtDNA D—Loop部分序列的遗传多样性分析

对中国的6个家驴品种(关中驴、德州驴、庆阳驴、泌阳驴、广灵驴、晋南驴)利用PCR-SSCP技术分析了其mtDNA D-Loop部分序列的遗传多样性。87个个体共检测到19个单倍型,单倍型比例为21.8%。单倍型多样度以关中驴、晋南驴较高,分别为0.834和0.904;其次为泌阳驴和广灵驴,分别为0.629、0.529;德州驴和庆阳驴较低,分别为0.467、0.599。文章从分子水平上揭示了家驴的遗传多样性,为我国家驴品种资源的评价和利用提供了一些依据。     

Cloning,tissue distribution and functional characterization of the donkey (Equus asinus) oligopeptide transporter 2

Oligopeptide transporter 2 (PepT2) is an important transporter of oligopeptides. In the present study, we describe the molecular cloning, tissue distribution and functional characterization of a donkey (Equus asinus) PepT2. The cloned cDNA sequence was 2202 bp at full length, encoding a 733 amino acid peptide with a molecular weight of 81.9 kDa and a theoretical pI of 8.92. Bioinformatics analysis showed that the deduced peptide sequence possessed all the characteristic features of PepT2. The expression of PepT2 in the kidney and lung was significantly higher than that observed in the ileum, duodenum, jejunum, spleen, liver, heart and stomach. Functional characterization by heterologous expression in Chinese hamster ovary cells showed that the uptake of β-Ala-Lys-N-7-amino-4-methylcoumarin-3-acetic acid (β-Ala-Lys-AMCA) by donkey PepT2-Chinese hamster ovary cells was dependent on time, pH and substrate concentration, with a low Km value of 91.51 ± 14.14 μM and a maximum velocity of 41.37 ± 2.193 pmol/min/mg protein. In the present study, for the first time, the expression and functional characteristics of donkey PepT2 were evaluated, the results of which provide new insights and a better understanding of its crucial role in oligopeptide transport in donkeys.