南京地区环氧沥青混凝土钢桥面铺装病害分析及养护措施

收集整理南京地区环氧沥青混凝土钢桥面铺装的近十年典型病害资料,对各类病害成因及危害进行类比分析;结合南京几座长江大桥运营养护情况,对各类病害养护措施进行探讨。     

鄂赣地区竹林土壤与植物营养特性及其信息化管理技术

文章介绍了作者近年来在鄂赣地区进行的竹林土壤与植物营养特性及其信息化管理技术研究的成果:初步摸清了湖北、江西2省竹类主产区竹林生长和养分管理现状,明确了存在的问题;系统研究了湖北、江西2省竹类主产区土壤营养状况;建立了毛竹林土壤养分丰缺指标和叶片营养诊断指标;摸清了毛竹主产区土壤养分限制因子;提出了较适宜的毛竹叶片营养诊断技术;系统开展了毛竹林土壤养分空间变异特性的研究,提出了湖北、江西2省竹类主产区竹林全营养优化施肥配方和配套施肥技术;建立了毛竹林优化施肥的计算机管理系统。     

猪囊尾蚴抗原成分及其诊断价值分析

猪囊尾蚴病是一种重要的人畜共患寄生虫病。囊尾蚴病的快速诊断是囊尾蚴病治疗和预防的前提,免疫学诊断方法是近年来的囊尾蚴病临床诊断中的重要辅助手段,高特异性诊断抗原的筛选为近年来的研究热点。囊尾蚴抗原组成复杂,包括囊液抗原、头节抗原、囊壁抗原、循环抗原和排泄分泌抗原等。其中的囊液抗原特异性较好,可用于免疫学诊断,而排泄分泌抗原诊断囊尾蚴的价值尚待进一步研究。     

陕北地区六种小米中叶酸含量的检测

为了解陕北地区小米中叶酸含量情况,采用试剂盒微孔板法对陕北地区6种小米进行检测。叶酸含量分别为60.3,47.8,42.8,40.6,49.9,72.5μg/100 g;RSD值分别为2.2%,2.8%,3.5%,2.9%,3.4%,2.0%。说明同一地区不同产地小米中叶酸含量有较大差异。     

Real time self learning method of diagnostic knowledge in intelligent diagnosis system

Aiming at real time diagnostic knowledge accumulation and updating in intelligent diagnostic system, to simulate the process experts accumulate and update fault diagnostic knowledge, a new real time diagnostic knowledge self learning model is proposed based on pattern comparing and updating. Abnormal distribution test of hypothesis is used to compare real time equipment fault pattern to equipment normal pattern of contingent knowledge. The algorithm of sample size estimation algorithm is used to calculate the number of samples which is used to obtain necessary diagnostic efficiency. Real time model updating algorithm is used to adjust the diagnostic knowledge model to actual equipment on the spot. Analysis to actual test data of equipment shows that the method could achieve new diagnostic knowledge accumulation and be adaptive to actual equipment on the spot.     

布氏杆菌病检测技术的研究进展

综述了检测布氏杆菌病的新老方法。布氏杆菌病(Brucellosis)在全球引起巨大的经济损失,对人危害严重,基因苗即将为其防制提供保障。认为,细菌学检验和凝集试验测将淘汰;沉淀试验和补体结合试验不理想;放射免疫试验不能广泛运用;变态反应主要用于绵羊,也用于山羊的筛检,不作山羊个体的诊断依据。竞争酶联免疫吸附试验尚无诊断标准。间接酶联免疫吸附试验是一种先进、快速、可靠的新方法,但不能区别疫苗抗体与致病株抗体。PCR可检1pg的布氏杆菌DNA,应用细菌DNA检测是最可靠的方法。最近建立的荧光探针分析可在野外快速准确地诊断,可用于家畜和野生动物的检测。     

植株叶绿素a和叶绿素b无损检测系统研究与开发

针对透射式叶绿素检测技术在检测较高含量叶绿素叶片时的局限性,研究设计基于光学漫反射式新颖的叶绿素检测系统,实现无损在线测试,直接输出植株叶片叶绿素a和b值。该检测系统采用3光源3光束垂直入射密闭光路设计,选用645 nm和663 nm 2个特征波长作为叶绿素a和b的检测波长,800 nm作为参照波长;采用光源调制、高通滤波放大和软件算法等消除外界光干扰;以透光度75%的消光片对该检测系统进行稳定性和重复性测试评价。测评结果为稳定性RSD≤0.39%(n=20),重复性RSD≤0.59%(n=20)。选取小麦、玉米、花卉共344个样本,漫反射法和常规Arnon法的叶绿素a和b总量的相关性达到极显著水平;且适用于厚度约3.0 mm玻璃翠花叶片的检测。     

Application of a Molecular Method for the Identification of a Gigaspora margarita Isolate Released in a Field

A molecular technique for the identification of the Gigaspora margarita isolate CK based on the detection of a DNA sequence of 235 bp as its diagnostic marker was evaluated to investigate the survival and establishment of introduced arbuscular mycorrizal fungi (AMF) in a field ecosystem. In March 2001, roots and rhizosphere soil of Eragrostis curvula and Miscanthus sinensis were collected from the Mizunashi River at Mt. Fugendake (Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan), where plant seeds and AMF including G. margarita CK had been introduced for reforestation after the occurrence of repeated pyroclastic flows. We detected the marker sequence from DNA preparations of E. curvula roots and Gigaspora spores in the rhizosphere. This clearly showed that the isolate occurred at both hyphal and sporal stages. It was shown that the isolate survived and developed a life cycle in the revegetation area for 4 years. It was confirmed that the method was effective for tracing the isolate in samples collected from field ecosystems.     

DIAGNOSING SULFUR DEFICIENCY IN SPRING RED WHEAT: PLANT ANALYSIS

Sulfur (S) availability indicators are necessary for rational fertilizer use. The goals were to assess the predictive capacity of: i) malate:sulfate ratio in leaf; ii) total nitrogen (N):S ratio in aerial biomass; and iii) total N:S ratio in grain. Six experiments were carried out in Argentina for two years. Between 90 and 100% of samples were correctly diagnosed by total N:S ratio during tillering, and critical N:S ratios varied from 14.8:1 to 16:1. At the same time, malate:sulfate ratio diagnosed correctly between the 35 and 65% of the samples. Grains with S deficiency were determined as those with a total S concentration lower than 0.15% and a total N:S ratio higher than 13.3:1. Validation of these new thresholds allowed determining that 77% of the samples were correctly diagnosed. A linear association between grain N:S ratio and N:S in aerial biomass during stem elongation was found (r² = 0.76–0.78, respectively).     

Estimation of preliminary reference values for macro and micronutrients in ‘Valencia’ orange in Venezuela,by means of the compositional nutrient diagnosis system

The present study was aimed at developing preliminary reference values for foliar tissue for nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), and zinc (Zn) for `Valencia´ orange in Venezuela, using the Compositional Nutrient Diagnosis system (CND). References values were derived from a database comprising the nutrients concentrations and the yields of `Valencia´ orange trees (Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck) grafted on two different rootstocks, viz., Volkamer lemon (Citrus volkameriana Pasq.), and Cleopatra tangerine (Citrus reshni, Hort. ex. Tan). Cutoff values separating high- and low-yield sub-samples were estimated through modeling the cumulative variance ratio function versus yield relationships with the Boltzmann equation. For macronutrients, the norms developed were dependent upon the inclusion of the micronutrients concentrations in the calculations, and on the rootstocks. Care must thus be exercised, since nutrient indexes, and thus nutritional diagnosis, are based upon proper selection of such values.