热应激大白鼠脾脏和肝脏组织HSP70和NOS的表达变化

随机选用42只6月龄健康雄性SD大白鼠,研究热应激处理1 h后恢复0、2、4、8、12、48 h6个时段脾脏和肝脏组织热应激蛋白70(HSP70)和一氧化氮合成酶(NOS)免疫组织的化学变化规律.结果表明:(1)热应激处理后恢复4 h,大白鼠脾脏组织HSP70的阳性表达达到高峰,大量细胞破裂,8 h后呈逐渐下降的趋势;恢复0、2、4、8、12 h的阳性表达与对照的差异均达极显著水平(P0.01),恢复48 h的阳性表达与对照的差异不显著(P0.05).(2)热应激处理后各恢复期肝脏组织HSP70的阳性表达与对照的差异均不显著(P0.05).(3)热应激处理后恢复8 h,肝脏组织NOS的阳性表达达到高峰,而后逐渐下降;恢复0、2、4、8、12 h的阳性表达与对照的差异均达极显著水平(P0.01);恢复48 h的阳性表达与对照的差异不显著(P0.05),恢复0、2、4、8、12 h间的阳性表达差异均达极显著水平(P0.01);(4)热应激处理后各恢复期脾脏组织NOS的阳性表达与对照的差异均不明显.     

Effect of thermal stress on Hsp70 gene expression and female reproductive performance of giant freshwater prawn,Macrobrachium rosenbergii

Using Hsp70 as a biomarker, thermal stress impinges on reproductive organs, ovary and hepatopancreas were being analyzed by determining the expression of Hsp70 mRNA inside the organs after the adult inter‐molt females were subjected to thermal treatment at 35, 30 and 28°C (Control). Results showed the expression of Hsp70 mRNA under thermal treatment of 35°C after 2 hr recovery in ovary were upregulated at 2, 4, 6, 12, 24 hr and 30 days compared to control whereas in hepatopancreas under similar treatment, the expression of Hsp70 mRNA were significantly higher than control at 6, 24 hr and 30 days. Frequency of reproductive molt at 35°C showed the ovary of females were failed to develop and only entered common molt along three consecutive molt cycles. For 30°C thermal treatment, the expression of Hsp70 mRNA was significantly higher than control after 2 hr recovery but returned to normal afterwards until 30 days’ thermal treatment. Maternal heat shock for 2 hr at 35°C were found to give significantly lower frequency of reproductive molt and longer duration of ovarian development and incubation period whereas maternal heat shock for 2 hr at 30°C gave lower frequency of reproductive molt, slower development of embryo and lower hatching success compared to untreated control. This study suggests that short and long‐term thermal stress at 30 and 35°C were found to affect the induction of Hsp70 mRNA in reproductive organs of Macrobrachium rosenbergii and also influence their reproductive performance.     

Time course of the incidence/multiplicity and histopathological features of murine colonic dysplasia,adenoma and adenocarcinoma induced by benzo[a]pyrene and dextran sulfate sodium

Benzo[a]pyrene (BP) is mutagenic but noncarcinogenic in the murine colon. Recently, we reported rapid induction of colonic tumors by treatment of CD2F₁ mice with BP (125 mg/kg for 5 days) followed by a colitis inducer, dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) (4% in drinking water for 1 or 2 weeks). However, there are no reports on detailed time course and histopathological features of colonic proliferative lesions in this model. Here, we show the detailed time course of colonic dysplasia, adenoma and adenocarcinoma induced by treatment with BP, DSS, and a combination of the two (BP/DSS). In the colon of mice exposed to BP/DSS, 14.6 dysplastic foci per mouse were present one week after DSS treatment (week 4). The number of dysplastic foci decreased with time to 3.1 at week 9 and thereafter remained almost constant. At week 4, 1.5 adenocarcinomas were also observed, with a marked increase in numbers with time, reaching 29.3 at week 14. In contrast, the number of dysplastic foci induced by DSS alone showed a time course similar to that following BP/DSS treatment; however, only a few tumors appeared. Neither dysplastic foci nor neoplastic lesions were induced by BP only. In mice exposed to BP/DSS, β-catenin was demonstrated immunohistochemically in the nucleus and/or cytoplasm of the tumor cells, and this translocation from the cell membrane was evident in subsets of dysplastic foci. In dysplastic foci induced by DSS alone, β-catenin was absent in the nucleus/cytoplasm. These finding suggest that aberrant β-catenin accumulation in dysplastic foci is associated with tumor progression in this BP/DSS model.     

Effects of oxypolygelatin and dextran 70 on hemostatic variables in dogs

Objective To evaluate and compare coagulation variables following the administration of oxypolygelatin and dextran 70 to clinically healthy dogs. Study design Randomized cross‐over experimental study. Animals A total of eight healthy adult female Beagles aged 2–4 years old and weighing 11.8 ± 2.7 kg. Methods The dogs received a 15‐minute intravenous (IV) infusion of 5 mL kg^?1 oxypolygelatin or 10 mL kg^?1 6% dextran 70. Before (PRE) and at 2, 5, and 24 hours after administration, packed cell volume (PCV), total solids concentration (TS), prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), fibrinogen concentration (FIB), platelet numbers (Plat), factor VIII coagulant activity (VIII:C), von Willebrand factor antigen concentration (vWf:Ag) and platelet function and buccal mucosal bleeding time (BMBT) were measured. Platelet function was assessed using aggregation and by measuring ATP release from aggregating platelets over 6 minutes, with 20, 10, and 5 µm ADP and 5 and 10 µg of collagen mL^?1 as platelet activation agonists. Results All baseline values were within our normal ranges, except for one dog that had low vWf:Ag PRE values prior to both dextran and oxypolygelatin administration. Following dextran and oxypolygelatin administration, the PCV and TP were significantly (p < 0.05) decreased. Plat, FIB, and vWf:Ag decreased, while BMBT and VIII:C increased following dextran administration. Dextran also caused a significant decrease in platelet aggregation in response to ADP. Oxypolygelatin caused a significant decrease in vWf:Ag, Plat, and FIB compared to PRE values. The total amount of ATP released, standardized to platelet number, did not vary significantly for either group at any sampling time from PRE values. No significant changes from PRE values were noted at any time in either group for PT or APTT. Conclusion At the doses administered, both dextran and oxypolygelatin can interfere with hemostatic variables in healthy dogs, but dextran's effect is more profound and prolonged when compared to oxypolygelatin. Clinical relevance Oxypolygelatin causes fewer hemostatic abnormalities when compared to dextran, making it a superior colloid for administration at the doses tested.     

CaM对小鼠胎儿成纤维细胞Hsp70表达的影响

[目的]证实小鼠胎儿成纤维细胞中钙调蛋白 (calmodulin,CaM) 基因参与热应激诱导型热休克蛋白70(Hsp70)的基因表达并明确其作用条件.[方法]取12.5 d孕鼠胚胎制备成纤维细胞(MEF),上述细胞随机分为对照组和热应激组:对照组在37℃条件下培养,热应激组包括I组(39℃、0.5 h),Ⅱ组(39℃,1 h),Ⅲ组(39℃,1.5 h),Ⅳ组(41℃、0.5 h),V组(41℃、1 h),Ⅵ组(41℃、1.5 h);每组3个重复.将选择的热应激组和对照组细胞分别加入不同浓度(25、50及100 mm=ol·L<'-1>)钙调蛋白拮抗剂W7,运用RT-PCR检测Hsp70、CaM mRNA表达量.[结果] 39℃和41℃热应激组Hsp70 mRNA表达量显著高于常温对照组(P<0.05):39℃应激1h的Hsp70 mRNA表达量极显著高于其它各组(P<0.01);39"C应激0.5 h和1 h CaM mRNA表达量极显著高于其它各组(P<0.01);41℃热应激组的CaM mRNA表达量与常温对照组比较差异不显著(P>0.05).在培养液中加100 mmol·L<'-1> W7、分别于37℃和39℃处理1 h后,其成纤维细胞的Hsp70 mRNA表达量极显著低于相应对照组 (P<0.01).[结论]中度热应激条件下,Hsp70和CaM基因表达量呈正相关,且39℃应激1 h可以显著诱导Hsp70和CaM基因表达;CaM通过某种途径参与了Hsp70基因表达.     

Induced expression of sucrose synthase and alcohol dehydrogenase I genes in phytoplasma-infected grapevine plants grown in the field

Interaction between phytoplasma and grapevine at the physiological level is still poorly understood, as are plant defence mechanisms against the pathogen. This study investigates the level of gene expression of three selected genes in a large number of grapevine plants belonging to six disease/cultivar groups (healthy Chardonnay, Bois noir-infected Chardonnay, Flavescence dorée-infected Barbera and Prosecco, and recovered Barbera and Prosecco). All plants were grown in vineyards in uncontrolled conditions in order to represent the physiology of disease as accurately as possible. Sucrose synthase was significantly upregulated in infected plants of all cultivars with the lowest P -values in cvs Chardonnay and Prosecco ( P  < 0·001) and median fold-change around 2. This clearly indicates that carbohydrate metabolism changed in infected compared to healthy or recovered plants. Alcohol dehydrogenase I was significantly upregulated in infected relative to healthy Chardonnay plants ( P  < 0·05) indicating that alcoholic fermentation, a sign of hypoxic conditions, was induced in infected plants. Heat shock protein 70 was upregulated in infected compared to recovered plants only in cv. Prosecco. Linear discriminant analysis showed that classification of samples into disease status groups based on gene expression was highly accurate (82%), indicating that the response of field-grown plants to phytoplasma infection at the level of expression of selected genes was so intensive and uniform that it was possible to detect it in grapevine plants regardless of natural variables.     

多子小瓜虫HSP70基因ORF的克隆及表达分析

热激蛋白（ HSP）是生物适应环境温度变化的重要媒介分子,本试验中克隆了多子小瓜虫Ichthyoph-thirius multifiliis HSP70（Im HSP70）基因的ORF,采用荧光定量RT-PCR法,在水温为20、25、30℃的条件下检测了HSP70基因在多子小瓜虫幼虫、滋养体和包囊3个不同发育阶段的表达情况。结果表明：Im HSP70基因的ORF为1995 bp,预测编码为664 aa; Im HSP70蛋白的二级结构主要以α-螺旋和无规卷曲为主,空间构型包括N端ATPase功能域和C端多肽结合功能域;与其他物种HSP70蛋白序列进行同源性比较发现, Im HSP70与螅状独缩虫Carchesium polypinum HSP70的同源性最高,为78.08%; Im HSP70与分类地位同为纤毛门的螅状独缩虫、嗜热四膜虫Tetrahymena thermophila、变藓棘毛虫Sterkiella histriomuscorum的HSP70聚在一个分支;3种温度下幼虫的HSP70表达量均最低,20℃和25℃时, HSP70基因在滋养体中的表达量显著高于幼虫和包囊（P〈0.05）,而30℃时, HSP70基因在包囊中的表达量显著高于滋养体和幼虫（P〈0.05）;30℃时HSP70基因在包囊中的表达量显著高于25℃（P〈0.05）。研究表明,试验所用多子小瓜虫的HSP70基因在30℃时仍大量表达,且能感染试验鱼,推测该虫株为热带型多子小瓜虫, HSP70基因在多子小瓜虫对抗外界高温环境中可能发挥着重要的作用。     

溶藻弧菌感染对剑尾鱼HSP70基因表达的影响

用溶藻弧菌Vibrio alginolyticus感染剑尾鱼Xiphophorus helleri,取感染后第0、2、5、8、11 d的活鱼及感染后第2 d濒死鱼,采用半定量RT-PCR方法分别检测HSP70基因在肝胰脏、脾脏、头肾和心脏组织中的表达。结果表明:正常条件下,HSP70在检测的剑尾鱼组织中均不表达;在用溶藻弧菌感染第8 d的剑尾鱼肝胰脏内,HSP70基因被诱导强烈表达,HSP70/β-actin的值为1.80±0.03;在感染第2、5 d的剑尾鱼头肾内,HSP70基因被诱导表达,第8 d HSP70基因强烈表达,感染濒死鱼头肾内也检测到HSP70基因的强烈表达,HSP70/β-actin的值分别为0.35±0.02、0.15±0.01、2.00±0.06和0.95±0.05;在剑尾鱼被感染第2、5、8 d,在脾脏内均检测到HSP70基因的表达,感染濒死鱼脾脏内也检测到HSP70基因的强烈表达,HSP70/β-actin的值分别为0.30±0.02、0.15±0.01、0.45±0.03和1.55±0.04;仅在感染濒死鱼的心脏中检测到HSP70基因的表达,HSP70/β-actin的值为0.30±0.02;到第11 d HSP70基因表达消失。     

杂交鲟和匙吻鲟HSP70 cDNA克隆与序列分析

采用RT-PCR法从杂交鲟(♀Huso huso×♂Acipenserschrencki)和匙吻鲟(Polyodonspathula)肝脏RNA克隆获得HSP70基因的全长cDNA(HSP70 cDNA)。所测定的HSP70 cDNA序列与NCBI/GenBank上登载的鲫(GenBank No.DQ872648)同源性最高,杂交鲟和匙吻鲟分别达96%和98%,杂交鲟HSP70序列为382 bp,匙吻鲟为334 bp。将杂交鲟和匙吻鲟与其它脊椎动物HSP70氨基酸序列用DNAstar软件进行相似度比较,鱼类与哺乳动物、两栖类非洲爪蟾之间HSP70氨基酸序列相似度平均值分别为86.2%和86.8%。鱼类之间的氨基酸序列相似度较大,平均为93.8%,表现出较高的保守性。以HSP70核苷酸序列为分子标记,用MEGA4软件中最大简约法(MP)构建了12个物种HSP70系统发育树,识别出3个大的单系类群:杂交鲟、匙吻鲟、团头鲂、鲫、鲤、斑马鱼聚为类群一(bootstrap 96);虹鳟和大西洋鲑聚为类群二(bootstrap 100);人类和褐家鼠类聚为类群三(bootstrap 89)。     

变性高效液相色谱法检测鸡HSP70基因单核苷酸多态性

选取我国20个地方鸡种共591个个体作为实验材料,采用变性高效液相色谱(DHPLC)技术,在鸡HSP70基因的全序列内进行未知SNPs的筛选,对有变异的色谱峰型分别选取2个个体测序,再将同一对引物的所有测序样本的测序结果进行序列的同源性比较,从而识别和确认鸡HSP70基因的未知SNPs。结果分别在4对引物扩增的PCR产物中检出并确认了10个SNPs:A258G、C276G、C507T、C1040A、G1044A、C1431A、T1476C、G1500A、A1529G、C1722T。