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21.
罗常国 《沈阳农业大学学报》1990,(4)
辽宁省水资源贫乏(年人均885米~3)。由于人口的迅速增长和工农业的迅速发展,国民经济各部门对水的需求量越来越大,对地下水的需求量一直在不断增长,以致引起局部地区地下水超采,并在沈阳、辽阳、鞍山和大连等地出现地下水位下降、永久性地下水漏斗形成、含水层部分疏干以及海水内侵等一系列生态环境问题。 相似文献
22.
关于贝类遗传改良几个问题的讨论 总被引:13,自引:2,他引:13
贝类大多为雌雄异体,少数种类是雌雄同体,在雌雄异体的种类也有部分个体表现为雌雄同体,而且雌雄异体型贝类还常有性转变现象。养殖贝类大多行体外受精并具有配子量大、子裔数量多等特点。野生型贝类表型方差大,遗传变异水平高。可见,贝类是一群比较独特的动物,其生殖方面的某些特性与作物的共同点甚至超过与高等动物的共同点。因此仅依靠脊椎动物或植物的育种方法,难以解决好贝类的种质改良问题。 相似文献
23.
We hypothesized that inflammation induced by myocardial ischemia plays a central role in depression-like behavior after myocardial infarction (MI). Several experimental approaches that reduce inflammation also result in attenuation of depressive symptoms. We have demonstrated that Resolvin D1 (RvD1), a metabolite of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) derived from docosahexaenoic acid, diminishes infarct size and neutrophil accumulation in the ischemic myocardium. The aim of this study is to determine if a single RvD1 injection could alleviate depressive symptoms in a rat model of MI. MI was induced in rats by occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery for 40 min. Five minutes before ischemia or after reperfusion, 0.1 μg of RvD1 or vehicle was injected in the left ventricle cavity. Fourteen days after MI, behavioral tests (forced swim test and socialization) were conducted to evaluate depression-like symptoms. RvD1 reduced infarct size in the treated vs. the vehicle group. Animals receiving RvD1 also showed better performance in the forced swim and social interaction tests vs. vehicle controls. These results indicate that a single RvD1 dose, given 5 min before occlusion or 5 min after the onset of reperfusion, decreases infarct size and attenuates depression-like symptoms. 相似文献
24.
25.
采用中国石油天然气管道科学研究院研制的GY型流动性改进剂,对哈萨克斯坦的乌津原油进行了加剂改性的试验研究。加剂后改善了原油的低温流动性,在25℃时测定的凝点为10.5℃,凝点降低22.5℃,粘度降低了96.9%,为乌津原油外运方案的设计奠定了基础。 相似文献
26.
We investigated heat tolerance at the reproductive stage in six spring‐type B. rapa accessions and one B. juncea accession as a control. Plants were subjected to two temperature treatments for seven days in controlled environmental rooms, beginning one day before the first open flower on the main stem inflorescence. The high‐temperature treatment ranged from 25 °C to 35 °C during 16 h light and 25 °C during 8 h dark. The control temperature treatment was set at 23 °C during 16 h light and 15 °C during 8 h dark. Soil moisture was maintained at close to field capacity to avoid drought stress. Main stem buds that emerged during the treatment period were tagged, and pod and seed production was recorded at each reproductive node. Leaf temperature depression and leaf conductance increased in the high‐temperature treatment which indicated that plants were not drought stressed. A leafy vegetable type of B. rapa from Indonesia was the most tolerant to high temperature, as defined by its ability to set seed equally well in the control and high‐temperature treatments, followed by an oilseed type from Pakistan. Pollen viability remained above 87 % in all accessions and treatments. We conclude that bud number and length, and pod number produced under high temperatures, might provide a useful preliminary screen for high‐temperature tolerance and that B. rapa may be a valuable source of heat tolerance in canola (B. napus). 相似文献
27.
Summary These investigations were conducted to determine the effectiveness of first- and second-season selection programs for increasing forage and seed yield in kura clover (Trifolium ambiguum Bieb.).Rhizo kura clover, the base population, was grown as spaced plants in two programs for six generations of selection for flowering in the seedling and second seasons. Remnant seed for each generation of selection was used to establish spaced plant and broadcast evaluation trials.The first-season selection program was effective in increasing flowering not only in the first season, but for two subsequent seasons. The second-season selection for flowering had little or no effect. However, vigor, forage and seed yields were not increased by either program, and the first-season program progressively reduced vigor and forage yields as generations of selection increased. The cause of this is unknown but may be associated with inbreeding depression or detrimental physiological effects of first-season flowering. Reselection to eliminate possible inbreeding effects is being conducted to further examine the possibility of increasing seedling and aftermath vigor in kura clover. 相似文献
28.
大豆光合午休原因的分析 总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13
研究了大豆光合午休过程中有关生理生态因素与光合速率的函数关系,并对叶温、叶片-大气水汽压亏缺(VPD)、气孔导度与光合速率之间的关系进行了通径分析。结果表明在光合午休的13:00时与15:00时这两个时刻,光合速率与VPD、叶温和气孔阻力呈极显著负相关,15:00时光合速率随VPD和叶温上升而下降的速率要大于13:00时的下 相似文献
29.
Summary Effectiveness of mass selection for kernel depth in an early maize (Zea mays L.) synthetic, i.e. NDSAB, was evaluated in eight North Dakato environments. Four cycles of selection for deeper kernels were evaluated for grain yield and associated traits by using corresponding randomly selected subpopulations of NDSAB to adjust out inbreeding effects on selected subpopulations. General combining ability (GCA) effects of selected subpopulations also were evaluated for these traits.Subpopulations selected from one to four cycles for deep kernels were reciprocally crossed to corresponding randomly selected subpopulations in a factorial mating design. Subpopulations, selfed subpopulations, and subpopulation crosses were evaluated for yield and associated traits. Subpopulations selected for deep kernels generally had deeper kernels, higher yields, heavier kernels, more kernel rows per ear, and lower test weights than corresponding randomly selected subpopulations. Differences in GCA effects among selected and unselected subpopulations generally corresponded to differences between selected and unselected parental subpopulations. Inbreeding effects from selfing were observed for all traits, but no average heterosis was detected when subpopulation crosses were compared to parental subpopulations. Reciprocal differences were observed for all traits except kernel depth, but these differences were inconsistent relative to whether deep kerneled females made superior hybrids to unselected females.Results supported the use of mass selection for kernel depth as a means of grain yield improvement in the short term for NDSAB. However, negative associations of kernel depth with test weight may restrict long term use of this procedure.Journal Article No. 1505 of the North Dakota Agric. Exp. Stn., Fargo 相似文献
30.
Summary The effect of self-pollination of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) for 6 generations in lines developed from the North Carolina Medium Base Pickle population was determined by regression of trait expression for each generation on Wright's coefficient of inbreeding. Two yield traits (total and marketable), earliness and 3 fruit quality traits (shape, color and seedcell size) were evaluated in 2 environments (spring and summer, 1983). The regression did not result in significant negative slopes, indicating that inbreeding depression was not important in the population for the traits studied. Midparent heterosis was found for most traits in many hybrids obtained from crossing S6 lines with the gynoecious inbred line, Gy 14A. 相似文献