柿单宁在模拟胃液中的絮凝特性研究

分析柿单宁与蛋白质和卵磷脂等在模拟胃液环境中的絮凝趋势,探讨胃柿石的形成原因。以牛心柿的生柿、脱涩硬柿和后熟软甜柿为试材,提取并测定其总、游离和缩合单宁含量;选取美国药典的模拟胃液配方,采用透射比浊法,对比分析生柿、熟软柿中单宁与模拟胃液,及与含有蛋白质、卵磷脂的模拟胃液作用产生的絮凝趋势。结果表明:生柿游离单宁的含量(7.076g/L)高于脱涩硬柿(3.962g/L)和后熟软柿(3.679g/L),其缩合单宁的含量(4.002g/L)低于脱涩硬柿(7.392g/L)和后熟软柿(7.538g/L);生柿、熟软柿中单宁与模拟胃液作用均有较强絮凝趋势,它们与含有蛋白质或卵磷脂的模拟胃液作用可产生更强的絮凝趋势;参试物絮凝趋势从强到弱依次为明胶牛血清卵磷脂干酪素,生柿熟软柿和脱涩硬果。柿果形成胃柿石的主要原因是其单宁含量较高,并与摄入不当(空腹、同时摄入明胶或牛血清类蛋白质)有关。     

草鱼模拟肠液的开发及其在仿生消化仪上的应用

[目的]研制草鱼模拟肠液配方。[方法]根据草鱼成鱼的肠道淀粉酶、胰蛋白酶和糜蛋白酶活性,pH以及钠离子环境,研制了一套草鱼成鱼的模拟肠液配方,并研究其在仿生消化仪上的应用。[结果]利用配制的草鱼模拟肠液进行体外仿生消化试验,发现饲料中干物质和粗蛋白的消化率与真实值的绝对差值均在10%左右,达到仿生消化的目的与要求。此外,经过仿生消化,外源植酸酶能够显著提高干物质消化率、粗蛋白消化率和代谢能值,促进植酸磷的释放。[结论]该研究结果可为草鱼的体外模拟消化提供更可靠的试验数据,并为水产其他动物模拟肠液的开发提供参考。     

偏心环状层流管流的流动规律

根据流体力学中N－S方程对层流的描述，结合经典的力学理论分析，对两相偏心环状管流的相界面提出了严密而科学的力学耦合条件，得到了完整描述偏心环状管流的适定的偏微分方程组。利用计算机仿真技术，得到了两相流中偏心环状层流管流的流动规律，这种规律具有重要的工程应用价值。     

聚丙烯酰胺/魔芋胶压裂液的研制

[目的]研制出聚丙烯酰胺/魔芋胶压裂液。[方法]基于魔芋葡甘聚糖和聚丙烯酰胺的协同增稠效应,制备出聚丙烯酰胺/魔芋胶复合型稠化剂,以有机硼为交联剂,加入杀菌剂、抗氧化剂、黏土稳定剂等添加剂,研制出聚丙烯酰胺/魔芋胶压裂液,并对其性能进行评价。[结果]该压裂液是非牛顿流体,具有较好的耐剪切性、易破胶、低滤失、残渣少、伤害低的特点。[结论]聚丙烯酰胺/魔芋胶压裂液满足油田压裂液的应用要求。     

沼液对玉米种子的发芽及生理特性的影响

研究了不同沼液浓度浸种对玉米种子的发芽及生理特性的影响,结果表明,沼液浓度达到70%以上时对玉米种子的发芽和生长有抑制作用;沼液浓度低于70%时,对种子发芽和生长有促进作用.适宜浓度为20%～50%,最适浓度为50%.     

转子式机油泵内流场CFD分析及实验研究

采用CAE软件对转子式机油泵内流场进行了几何建模.对模型应用非结构化网格生成技术划分网格并进行了有限元前处理.在采用k-ω湍流模型的基础上,考虑了卸荷槽的影响,应用计算流体力学软件模拟稳定工况下机油泵出口部分的三维湍流流动.得到了详尽的分析结果,包括压力等高线云图、速度矢量等高线云图等.分析并证明了卸荷槽具有缓解压力负荷的作用.完成了对机油泵的台架实验,将数值模拟得到的机油泵性能特性曲线与实验特性曲线进行比较,发现仿真结果与实验结果基本吻合.证明仿真模拟结果能够反映机油泵的流动性能和特殊流动现象;利用数值仿真可以得到具有参考意义的机油泵流量特性曲线,为机油泵开发提供了新的研究方法和技术支持.     

In vitro storage of fish oocytes: effect of storage temperature,media conditions and storage duration on fertilization and larval hatchability of Indian major carp,rohu (Labeo rohita)

The viability of matured oocytes stored in vitro were assessed using carp ovarian fluid (OF) and artificial carp ovarian fluid (ACOF) under different temperature regimes (4, 24, 26, 28 and 30°C) for different storage durations (0, 60, 120, 150 and 180 min). Significantly higher fertilization (74%) was achieved when the oocytes were stored using ACOF and 65% in OF after 180 min at 28°C. Similarly the hatching rates of larvae were significantly higher in the ACOF and OF, that is, 64% and 47%, respectively, after 180 min of storage. The oocytes kept in the storage containers with ACOF having 65% moisture level showed a significantly higher fertilization rate than the 59% moisture level. This study demonstrated that unfertilized matured oocytes (eggs) of rohu can be stored in vitro for 180 min without compromising the viability (fertilization and hatching) to a great extent in OF and ACOF.     

木材干燥室集中换气时进排气孔气流的均匀性模拟

为解决木材干燥室强制集中换气装置进排气道孔口气流的均匀性问题,采用理论分析和Fluent数值模拟方法,对进排气道的进排孔口气流流速、流量等进行数值模拟分析和计算,得到了满足生产实际要求的孔口半径和分布。结果表明：进气道各孔口的质量流量差小于5．1％,排气道各孔口的质量流量差小于7．3％,二者均小于质量流量偏差（10％）...     

Differences Between the Concentrations in Rabbit Body Fluid of Berberine Hydrochloride, Chlorogenic Acid, Baicalin, and Their Minimal Inhibitory Concentrations

To explore the relationship between the heat-clearing and detoxicating functions and the bacteriostatic actions of berberine hydrochloride （Ber. H）, chlorogenic acid （Chlo. A）, and baicalin （Bai）, their concentrations in rabbit body fluid were compared with their minimal inhibitory concentrations （MICs）. Their concentrations in rabbit blood and tissue fluid were determined by reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography, and their MICs to Escherichia coli were determined by tube dilution method. The results showed that the peak concentrations of Ber. H, Chlo. A, and Bai in rabbit blood were 3.2, 5.03, and 7.63 μg mL^-1, and in rabbit tissue fluid were 0.12, 0.11, and 0.12 μg mL^-1, respectively. Their MICs to E. coli were, respectively, 1.0×10^3, 3.75 × 10^3, and 6.75 ×10^3μg mL^-1, which were far higher than the concentrations in rabbit body fluids. This study indicates that Ber. H, Chlo. A, and Bai have weak bacteriostatic actions and do not reach their effective inhibitory concentrations in rabbit body fluids, and their heat-clearing and detoxicating functions are independent on the bacteriostatic actions.