Marine Nucleosides: Structure,Bioactivity, Synthesis and Biosynthesis

Nucleosides are glycosylamines that structurally form part of nucleotide molecules, the building block of DNA and RNA. Both nucleosides and nucleotides are vital components of all living cells and involved in several key biological processes. Some of these nucleosides have been obtained from a variety of marine resources. Because of the biological importance of these compounds, this review covers 68 marine originated nucleosides and their synthetic analogs published up to June 2014. The review will focus on the structures, bioactivities, synthesis and biosynthetic processes of these compounds.     

Photoinduced Synthesis of Methylated Marine Cyclopeptide Galaxamide Analogs with Isoindolinone as Anticancer Agents

The methylation of amino acid residues has played an important role in the biological function of bioactive peptides. In this paper, various methyl-modified and stereostructural-modified marine cyclopeptide galaxamide analogs with isoindolinone were synthesized by a photoinduced single electron transfer cyclization reaction. It was found that the single-methyl substitution was beneficial for the bioactivity of cyclic analogs with isoindolinone fragments, and the influence of methylation on bioactivity is uncertain and is sometimes case-specific. The compound with a single methyl group at Gly⁵ (compound 8) showed the strongest antiproliferative activity against HepG-2 cells. The tumor cell apoptosis, cell cycle, mitochondrial membrane potential, intracellular Ca²⁺ concentration and lactate dehydrogenase activity have been studied extensively to evaluate the antitumor potential of compound 8. Western blotting tests showed that compound 8 could decrease the MDM2 level and increase p53 levels efficiently. Careful molecular docking suggested that cyclic peptide 8 could bind firmly with MDM2 oncoprotein, indicating that MDM2 may be a potential drug target of the prepared peptides.     

新型RC网格式框架结构墙体试验研究

为研究新型RC网格式框架结构承载力、滞回曲线、骨架曲线、延性、刚度和耗能能力等受力性能，进行了3榀1/5缩尺墙体模型在低周反复水平荷载作用下的试验.试验结果表明：新型RC网格式框架结构表现出框架结构的受力特性，试件各层均出现反弯点，为剪切型破坏；滞回曲线饱满，有较强的耗能能力；延性比常规框架好；试件屈服后，刚度退化较快，临近破坏时，刚度退化缓慢.考虑材料、几何和接触非线性，运用有限元软件ANSYS对相同条件下填充磷石膏的网格式框架结构墙体进行计算，有限元计算屈服时墙体顶点最大水平位移比试验大约5.8%，与试验结果吻合较好.新型RC网格式框架结构是介于框架结构和密肋网格式剪力墙结构受力性能之间的一种结构形式，适用于建造高层住宅及办公建筑等.