定量免疫电泳技术对黄牛品种间遗传差异的研究

 本文用定量免疫电泳技术对4个黄牛品种间的遗传差异作了免疫遗传学研究。结果表明,所研究的4个品种间的遗传相似度分别为:文山牛—昭通牛为0.922,文山牛—黑白花牛为0.917,文山牛—莫瑞灰牛为0.742,昭通牛—黑白花牛为0.795,昭通牛—莫瑞灰牛为0.603,黑白花牛—莫瑞灰牛为0.818基于上述遗传相似度,本文还作了4个品种亲缘关系的聚类分析。     

The characterization of equine prealbumin (Pr) proteins by antigen-antibody crossed electrophoresis.

The characterization of equine prealbumin (Pr) proteins by antigen-antibody crossed electrophoresis. Acta vet. scand. 1979, 20, 180–190. — Selected equine Pr phenotypes from a total of 55 horses of mixed breeds were investigated. The horse sera were subjected to acid starch gel electrophoresis at pH 4.8, followed by right angle electrophoresis in agarose gels containing rabbit-produced anti-Pr protein. This technique gives peaks in the agarose gels corresponding to the Pr zones in acid gels.The investigation revealed patterns of the Pr protein which were more complex than those seen when using ordinary acid starch gel electrophoresis. The phenotypes FF, II and LL showed a total of eight peaks, each with three main peaks in the front. Ahead of these, the Pr II and Pr LL phenotypes each had a fourth small peak. The basic fast pattern for these two phenotypes therefore consisted of four bands. The Pr WW and Pr SS showed a similar picture as regards the fast moving peaks. The Pr NN type appeared with two peaks in the front, one small and one large and with two slow moving ones. The Pr UU type had four peaks, but only in the area of the main Pr U band in acid gels.Four heterozygous Pr phenotypes appeared as a combination of the corresponding homozygous phenotypes, the number and height of the peaks depending on positions and overlappings of these in the respective homozygotes. Thus the Pr FW phenotype showed a total of 10 peaks.The effect of variations in pH of the starch gel buffer was studied. The Pr NN and Pr FF phenotypes were run at pH 4.8, 5.0, 5.2 and 5.4. With increasing pH, the slow moving peaks weakened and moved closer to the fast ones. At pH 5.4 only one large fast moving peak remained.     

葡萄杂交后代主要经济性状的遗传倾向

通过对10个杂交组合与5个自交后代801个株系的遗传变异分析结果表明:果粒重量、含糖量和含酸量的遗传均符合数量性状连续变异的遗传特点。子代果粒重量小于亲本值,并趋向小粒亲本,出现超高亲个体的比例较低,平均遗传传递力为70.34％。欧美杂交种品种间杂交和欧亚种与欧美杂交种间杂交传递力高于欧亚种品种间杂交;可溶性固形物含量均值接近亲本值,超高亲比例大,表明含糖量遗传中加性效应较大,在后代中选择高含糖量单株的潜力大,组合传递力为101.7％,欧美杂交种品种问杂交传递能力较弱,而欧亚种与欧美杂交种杂交,性状传递能力较强;含酸量的遗传中含有较大比例的负向非加性效应,子代含酸量大大高于亲本值,后代含酸量普遍升高,超低亲单株比例低,选择难度较大。平均组合传递力为134％,欧亚种品种问杂交遗传传递力高于欧美杂交种品种间和欧亚种与欧美杂交种种间杂交。     

关于杨树遗传育种中的若干问题

根据国内外杨树育种实践，讨论了树遗传育种的一些理论问题：（１）对的育种目标和杂交遗传变异坪行的；（２）从遗传角分析了交互轮回选择法是一种科学的杨树育种程序；（３）回交能克服杨树杂种不育和后代夭亡。     

Mo17衍生系组配杂交种对我国玉米生产的影响和贡献

Mo17玉米自交系具有高产、稳产、耐瘠性强、适应性广等特点,由其所组配的玉米杂交种在我国的玉米生产中产生了极其重要的作用.如中单2号、丹玉13、本育9号和烟单14等,这些玉米杂交种种植区域从南到北,从东到西都有种植的历史.随着时间流逝,Mo17玉米自交系明显表现出易感大小斑病、早衰等退化现象.针对上述现象,全国各育种单位先后选育出优良Mo17衍生系,如吉846、吉842、丹1324、龙抗11、4F1、419和495等,这些玉米自交系所组配的杂交种表现出稳产性好、抗病性强、适应性广的优点,深受吉林、黑龙江、内蒙古自治区和辽宁东部山区农民欢迎。     

利-草杂交牛F1血清酶活性与肉用性状相关研究

本研究测定了18头利木赞和草原红牛杂交牛F1代血清中谷草转氨酶(GOT)、谷丙转氨酶(GPT)、淀粉酶(Amy)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、碱性磷酸酶(AKP)的活性。5种酶的活性与肾脂重、产肉率、肉骨比、眼肌面积、大理石花纹呈现不同程度的相关关系。根据线性回归分析结果,GPT活性可作为选择胴体产肉率、肉骨比的参考指标,GOT活性可作为选择眼肌面积的参考指标。     

乡镇企业经济效益分析

本文主要是分析了呼市郊区乡镇企业近几年经济效益的发展状况、寻求经济效益下降的原因和提高效益的途经,以促进乡镇企业在市场竞争日益激烈的新形势下,能稳步健康的发展。呼市郊区乡村两级乡镇企业发展很快,1981年以来,总产值和总收入年递增率分别为19.39％和18.91％,但经济效益却呈下降趋势,利润率由81年的17.54％下降到86年的10.86％,主要原因是乡镇企业经营管理水平较低,经营承包责任制还没有成为企业的基本管理制度。财务管理混乱,企业普遍不搞成本核算;自有资金少,靠贷款过日子;职工队伍素质不高,技术力量缺乏。为此,必须深化改革,增强企业内在活力,改变落后的经营管理方式,引进竞争机制,积极推行和完善承包责任制,抓紧人才培训工作,不断提高职工素质,加强横向经济联合,变封闭型生产为开放经营,真正使乡镇企业的经济建设工作由追求产值增长转向讲求经济效益的轨道上来。     

基于MATLAB的交错轴斜齿轮齿面接触的计算机模拟

建立了交错轴斜齿轮齿面接触分析的数学模型，利用MATLAB软件绘制了交错轴斜齿轮副两齿面接触的空间图形，并对其进行了局部放大以展示瞬时接触椭圆；绘制了两齿面接触点处相对速度的速端曲线图。本研究为进行齿轮副虚拟设计、虚拟装配、三维动画、运动仿真等提供了可借鉴的资料。     

马铃薯及番茄晚疫病菌的核糖体DNA-ITS区段序列分析*

 取3个不侵染马铃薯的番茄晚疫病菌菌株和3个不侵染番茄的马铃薯晚疫病菌菌株，以及2个可交叉侵染马铃薯和番茄的菌株，提取DNA全基因组后， 用引物ITS1和ITS4进行扩增，得到约850 bp左右的扩增产物并进行测序，比较同源性，结果显示这些菌株的全基因组DNA序列与Genebank上登录的3个序列AF228084，AF228083，AY269995.1的同源性均为100%。3个番茄菌株之间的同源性大小为98.22%,3个马铃薯菌株之间的为99.52%，较番茄菌株的同源性高。不可交叉的两类菌株间的同源性为98.28%，可交叉侵染的番茄菌株和马铃薯菌株之间的同源性为99.17%，比不可交叉侵染的菌株间的同源性高,说明相似的序列使得生物学特性也很相似,反之,同源性有差异的,在生物特性上也表现出一定差异。     

Fault Tolerance Analysis of Regular Interconnection Multiprocessor System

The interconnection network used in a multiprocessor system provides an effective mechanism for the data exchange between the processors and is one of the dominating factors of performance of the system. The fault tolerance of an interconnection network can be measured by the probability that the network keeps functional in the presence of failures. The authors examine the fault tolerance of four regular interconnection networks (i.e. hypercube, crossed cube, Moius cube, and locally twisted cube) with the probabilistic approach. Experimental results show that all these interconnection networks display excellent fault tolerance. Moreover, the crossed cube enjoys the highest probabilistic of connectivity among them.