Preparation and Properties of Plywood Adhesives with Soy Protein Isolate Modified by SDS

The effects of mass concentration,the reaction temperature and the reaction time of soy protein isolate(SPI) and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) on the adhesive strength of the modified SPI adhesives has been studied through orthogonal experiments.And the adhesive mechanism of the modified SPI adhesives was discussed.The results show that the optimum formula conditions are as follows:mass concentration of SPI was 14%,that of SDS 1%,reaction temperature 35℃and the reaction time 3 h.Under the optimum conditions, the dry adhesive strength of the modified SPI adhesives was 1.82 MPa,the wet adhesive strength was 0.82 MPa,the viscosity was 5.8 Pa·s,the solid content was 12.96%.After SDS was added into SPI, the composites of SDS-SPI were formed,the internal hydrophobic groups among the SPI molecule structure were turned out and the water resistance of the modified SPI adhesives was enhanced with an increase of the modification time.When the concentration of SDS was over a defined value,the disulfide bond was broken and the modification effect of SDS went bad.     

饲粮添加铜、铁和锌对牛组织和血液铅和镉含量的影响

本研究旨在探讨饲粮添加必需微量元素铜、铁和锌对肉牛组织和血液铅和镉含量的影响。选用 ２０头 １２月龄肉牛,随机分为 ２组,每组 １０头,各组分别饲喂基础精饲料（对照组）和基础精饲料中添加铜 ２０ｍｇ、铁 ２００ｍｇ和锌 ２００ｍｇ的试验精饲料（试验组）,粗饲料自由采食。试验期为 １５０ｄ。每天以组为单位计算牛的采食量;每 ３０ｄ称取牛体重并采集血液样品,试验结束后,屠宰试验牛,采集肾脏、肝脏、心脏、胰脏、脾脏、瘤胃、大肠及背肌组织样品,测定血液和组织中铅和镉含量。结果表明：牛精饲料中添加铁、铜和锌后,平均日增重极显著地提高了１２．５０％（Ｐ＜０．０１）,料重比极显著地降低了 １５．６８％（Ｐ＜０．０１）;铅含量在胰脏和瘤胃中极显著增加（Ｐ＜０．０１）,在脾脏和血液中显著减少（Ｐ＜０．０５）,在其余组织中无显著变化（Ｐ＞０．０５）,铅蓄积的器官主要是胃;镉含量在肾脏、肝脏、脾脏、瘤胃和大肠中均极显著增加（Ｐ＜０．０１）,但心脏中的镉含量极显著降低（Ｐ＜０．０１）,镉蓄积的器官主要是肾脏。结果提示,在饲粮中添加铜、铁和锌可以改善肉牛的生长性能,但不能有效减少脏器及肌肉组织中铅和镉的蓄积。     

饲粮添加铜水平对育成期水貂生长性能、营养物质消化率及氮代谢的影响

本试验旨在研究饲粮铜添加水平对育成期水貂生长性能、营养物质消化率及氮代谢的影响.选择(60±3)日龄健康雄性水貂80只,随机分成8组,每组10个重复,每个重复1只貂.8组水貂分别饲喂铜添加水平为0(Ⅰ组)、4(Ⅱ组)、8(Ⅲ组)、16(Ⅳ组)、32(V组)、64(Ⅵ组)、128(Ⅶ组)、256 mg/kg(Ⅷ组)的试验饲粮.预试期7d,正试期60 d.结果表明:Ⅴ组的末重和平均日增重极显著高于Ⅷ组(P＜0.01),而料重比则极显著低于Ⅷ组(P＜0.01).Ⅴ组的平均日采食量极显著高于Ⅰ和Ⅶ组(P＜0.01),显著高于Ⅲ组(P＜0.05).Ⅴ组的干物质采食量极显著高于Ⅷ组(P＜0.01).Ⅴ组的干物质消化率极显著高于Ⅵ组(P＜0.01),显著高于Ⅱ和Ⅷ组(P＜0.05).Ⅴ组的蛋白质消化率极显著高于Ⅷ组(P＜0.01),显著高于Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅵ和Ⅶ组(P＜0.05).Ⅳ和Ⅴ组的脂肪消化率显著高于Ⅷ组(P＜0.05).Ⅴ组的食入氮极显著高于Ⅷ组(P＜0.01).Ⅴ组的氮沉积极显著高于Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅵ和Ⅷ组(P＜0.01),显著高于Ⅰ和Ⅳ组(P＜0.05).Ⅴ组的净蛋白质利用率显著高于Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅵ和Ⅷ组(P＜0.05).Ⅴ组的蛋白质生物学价值极显著高于Ⅲ组(P＜0.01),显著高于Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅵ和Ⅷ组(P＜0.05).由此得出,饲粮铜添加水平为32 mg/kg(总铜水平为39 mg/kg)时,营养物质消化率、氮沉积、净蛋白质利用率及蛋白质生物学价值较为理想,且可获得较佳的生长性能.     

藏系绵羊钼诱导铜缺乏的研究

自2000年以来,青海省乌兰地区藏绵羊出现以异食、消瘦和贫血为特征的疾病。经分析该地区土壤、牧草和动物的矿物质元素含量,发现在患病区,土壤钼含量为（4.63±1.51）μg/g,牧草为（4.89±1.79）μg/g,极显著高于正常地区。患病动物血液平均铜含量为（0.23±0.07）μg/g,被毛铜平均含量为（3.27±0.71）μg/g,而正常区的动物为（0.97±0.23）μg/g和（6.78±1.57）μg/g,差异极显著;患病动物血液铜最高值为0.53μg/g,血液铜最低值为0.031μg/g。而正常地区藏绵羊血液铜含量最高值为1.33μg/g,血液铜最低值为0.83μg/g。同时患病动物血清铜蓝蛋白显著低于正常动物,并且有小红细胞贫血。结果表明,藏绵羊以异食、消瘦和贫血为特征的营养代谢疾病为钼诱导的次级铜缺乏。     

NaClO和蔗糖溶液对红三叶种子发芽特性的影响

研究了不同浓度NaClO和蔗糖溶液对红三叶种子发芽的影响。结果表明,用0．2％NaClO溶液处理虹三叶种子15min,种子的发芽率最高,为60．6％;用0．2％NaClO溶液处理红三叶种子10min的带茵率最低,为0．41％。红三叶种子在没有添加蔗糖溶液的1／2MS培养基中发芽率最高,但长势较差;加入20g／L蔗糖的培养基中,虽然发芽率稍低,但生长良好,并有明显的毛根分化。     

The effect of doxycycline on canine hip osteoarthritis: design of a 6-months clinical trial

Twenty-five dogs were included in a randomized, double-blind trial to assess the efficacy of doxycycline (DOX) orally administered twice a day at 4 mg/kg/day (n = 12) for the treatment of osteoarthritis of the hip. Chondroitin sulfate (CS; 525 mg/day) was used as a positive control (n = 13). Dogs were re-examined monthly for 6 months after initiation of treatment. The assessment protocol included clinical score, radiographic findings and serum osteoarthritis biomarkers. Dogs treated with DOX showed statistically significant improvements (p < 0.05) in lameness, joint mobility, pain on palpation, weight-bearing and overall score at 2, 6, 4, 4 and 4 months, respectively, after treatment. Biomarker levels of CS-WF6 epitope and hyaluronan were significantly increased and decreased (p < 0.05) at 2 and 3 months after treatment compared to pretreatment. These results showed that DOX had a positive therapeutic effect in dogs with osteoarthritis.     

饲料添加剂中微量游离铜的极谱测定

提出在H2O4-EDTA-KNO3-明胶体系中以单扫描极谱测定饲料添加剂中微量游离铜的方法.用硝酸浸取法提取试样中的游离铜.铜的极谱峰电位为-0.2V(相对饱和甘汞电极).铜浓度在0.1～100μg/mL范围内与峰电流呈良好的线性关系.检出限为0.04 μg/mL,RSD为3.3%,加标回收率为97%.该方法简便、快速、测定精度好,可用于实际样品的测定.     

硫杆菌以及好养异养型硫氧化菌对元素硫的氧化

The prediction of the oxidation rate of elemental sulfur (S⁰) is a critical step in sulfur (S) fertilizer strategy to supply plant-available sulfur. An incubation experiment was conducted to determine the rate and amount of S⁰ oxidation in relation to the contribution of Thiobacillus spp. and aerobic heterotrophic S-oxidizing bacteria. After 84 days, 16.3% and 22.4% of the total S⁰ applied to the soil were oxidized at 20 and 30 ℃, respectively. The oxidation of S⁰ proved to be a two-step process with a rapid oxidation during the first 28 days and a slow oxidation from then on. The highest oxidation rate of 12.8 μg S cm^-2 d^-1 was measured during the first two weeks at 30 ℃. At 20 ℃ the highest oxidation rate of 10.2 μg S cm^-2 d^-1 was obtained from two to four weeks after start of the experiment. On an average the soil pH declined by 3.6 and 4.0 units after two weeks of experiment. At the same time the electric conductivity increased nine times. With the oxidation of S⁰ the population of Thiobacillus spp. and aerobic heterotrophic S-oxidizing bacteria increased. The corresponding values for Thiobacillus spp. and aerobic heterotrophic S-oxidizing bacteria increased from 2.9 × 10⁵ and 1.4 × 10⁵ g^-1 soil at the start of the experiment to 4 × 10⁸ and 5.6 × 10⁸ g^-1 soil 14 days after S⁰ application, respectively. No Thiobacillus spp. was present eight weeks after S⁰ application. The results suggested that oxidation of residual S⁰ completely relied on aerobic heterotrophic S-oxidizing bacteria.     

海带硫酸多糖对镉毒害甜瓜幼苗的保护作用

以＂二叶一心＂期甜瓜（Cucumis melo L.）为材料,研究了沙培条件下不同浓度（0、0.1、0.25、0.35、0.7、1.1、2.2 g.L^-1）的海带硫酸多糖对150 mg.kg^-1氯化镉（CdCl2.2.5H2O）毒害下甜瓜幼苗的保护作用。结果表明,甜瓜幼苗的镉积累量、叶绿素含量、生物量、蛋白质含量、丙二醛（MDA）含量、膜透性以及抗氧化酶活性均与海带硫酸多糖浓度的变化具有相关性。随灌施海带硫酸多糖浓度的升高,甜瓜叶片和根系中镉积累量和渗透势持续下降,0.25 g.L^-1和0.35 g.L^-1的海带硫酸多糖水平下无显著差异,与其他浓度水平差异显著（P〈0.05）;叶绿素含量、生物量、蛋白质含量、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化物酶（POD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）等抗氧化酶活性呈先上升后下降趋势,0.35 g.L^-1海带硫酸多糖水平下含量最高;MDA和膜透性则表现为先下降后上升趋势,且0.35 g.L^-1海带硫酸多糖水平下含量最低。综合来看,当海带硫酸多糖的浓度低于0.35 g.L^-1时,对镉毒害下的甜瓜幼苗有一定保护作用,高于0.35 g.L^-1时,不仅没有缓解镉毒害的作用,反而加重对甜瓜幼苗的伤害。