石墨烯对喹诺酮在饱和多孔介质中运移的影响

为研究石墨烯（Graphene,GN）对喹诺酮类抗生素在地下水中运移的影响,以环丙沙星（Ciprofloxacin,CIP）和诺氟沙星（Norfloxacin,NOR）作为两种典型的喹诺酮类抗生素污染物,通过批量吸附实验和砂柱实验研究GN对CIP和NOR在饱和多孔介质中运移的影响。吸附实验结果表明,GN对两种抗生素污染物均具有较好的吸附性能,GN对CIP和NOR的Langmuir最大吸附容量分别为270.68 mg·g^-1和178.36 mg·g^-1。砂柱实验结果表明：随着多孔介质中GN含量从10 mg增加到80 mg,CIP和NOR在一维砂柱中的迁移能力降低;随着流速和电解质浓度（Na⁺和Ca²⁺）的增大,回收率逐步升高,CIP和NOR的运移能力也逐步增强。根据BDST模型对不同条件下的CIP和NOR在一维砂柱中的运移过程进行了模拟和预测,模型对穿透时间的预测值与实验值接近,表明BDST模型能较好地预测多孔介质中GN对CIP和NOR迁移能力的影响。     

青贮甜高粱与玉米秸秆饲喂肉牛效果研究

[目的]饲喂青贮甜高粱与玉米秸秆对肉牛增重的效果研究,选择11月龄、体重280Kg 的西门塔尔公牛20头进行饲喂效果对比试验。[结果]显示：对照组、试验组平均每头日增重为0.98 kg、1.45 kg。试验组比对照组平均日多增重0.47 kg,提高47.96%;净收益每头每天比对照组多9.78元。[结论]表明：青贮甜高粱饲喂育肥肉牛增重效果明显,经济效益较好。     

乌拉特前旗防治光肩星天牛措施的效果对比研究

通过对乌拉特前旗常用的几种光肩星天牛防治措施进行对比,分析各种防治措施的优缺点,物理措施的防治效果明显,但费时费力,且工作效率不高;化学措施操作简单,防治效果比较理想,但容易对环境造成污染。文章提出了对光肩星天牛的防治应以人工招引大斑啄木鸟的生物控制措施为主、其他防治措施为辅的综合治理的方法,在使用化学措施和人工物理措施防治光肩星天牛的同时,要更多采用生物防治和生态调控技术。     

基质配方和容器对红叶樱花容器苗生长的影响

为促进新优园林观赏植物容器苗的培育和应用,以红叶樱花为试验材料,研究基质配方和容器类型对容器苗生长的影响.结果表明:基质配方对容器苗的生长有一定的影响.其中A2基质(泥炭∶珍珠岩∶蛭石=5∶3∶2)容重最小,饱和含水量最大,分别为0.283 0 g/cm2和47.243％;植株在此基质中生长表现最佳,其地径、根冠比和根系活力均最大,分别达到4.488 mm、5.502 4和71.343 3μg/(g·h).容器类型对容器苗根系发育的影响较为明显.控根容器最佳,其中植株根冠比最大,达到5.603 3;根系活力为67.379 3 μg/(g·h),约为塑料营养钵和无纺布袋的1.3倍,并且根系结构合理,须根数量极多;其次为无纺布袋容器.综合考虑,红叶樱花容器苗的最佳培育基质配方为泥炭∶珍珠岩∶蛭石=5∶3∶2,培育容器为控根容器.     

MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING CONTRAST ENHANCEMENT OF EXTRA‐OCULAR MUSCLES IN DOGS WITH NO CLINICAL EVIDENCE OF ORBITAL DISEASE

Enhancement of extra‐ocular muscles has been reported in cases of orbital pathology in both veterinary and medical magnetic resonance imaging. We have also observed this finding in the absence of orbital disease. The purpose of this retrospective study was to describe extra‐ocular muscle contrast enhancement characteristics in a group of dogs with no known orbital disease. Magnetic resonance images (MRI) from dogs with no clinical evidence of orbital disease and a reportedly normal MRI study were retrieved and reviewed. Contrast enhancement percentages of the medial, lateral, ventral, and dorsal rectus muscles were calculated based on signal‐to‐noise ratios that were in turn determined from hand‐traced regions of interest in precontrast, immediate postcontrast and 10‐min postcontrast scans. Comparison measurements were made in the pterygoid muscle. Contrast enhancement of the extra‐ocular muscles was observed in all patients (median contrast enhancement percentage 45.0%) and was greater than that of pterygoid muscle (median contrast enhancement percentage 22.7%). Enhancement of the extra‐ocular muscles persisted 10 min after contrast administration (median contrast enhancement percentage 43.4%). Findings indicated that MRI contrast enhancement of extra‐ocular muscles is likely normal in dogs.     

循环水养殖中不同载体生物滤器的水质净化效果分析

为比较3种不同滤料在封闭循环水养殖中水体净化效果,通过构建3套封闭循环水养殖试验系统,分析了在相同体积的滤器中毛刷滤料、移动床滤料和结构滤料3种不同生物滤料对生物过滤硝化作用效果的影响.结果表明,在一定体积的生物滤器中（HRT 10.5min,水温24 ～30℃下）3种滤料对总氨氮（TAN）去除率的影响差异不显著（P＞0.05）,但单位滤料体积的TAN去除速率（VTR）差异较大.毛刷滤料、移动床滤料、结构滤料等3种滤料的VTR平均值分别为：（18.66±9.30）、（62.19±30.49）和（16.34±7.87）g/（m3·d）.不同运行方式对VTR有极显著影响,移动床的VTR明显高于毛刷滤料与结构滤料的固定床式生物滤器,差异极显著（P＜0.01）.     

Effects of Substitute Media on Development of Potted Cyclamen percicum Mill.

Five kinds of agricultural castoffs, such as sawdust and powder of coconut coir, were used as growing media to substitute the peat moss for potted Cyclamen percicum. It showed that most of the substitute media could fit for the growth of the root system without disturbing the spatial development of the root. The root activities of the plants in substitute media were all higher or not significantly lower than that in the contrast peat moss （PM）. The substitute media might not make adverse effects on the biosynthesis of chlorophyll of C. percicum leaves, and the nutrient components contained in the substitute media itself was none of the content of mineral elements in the leaves. The morphological indexes of C. percicum plants growing in the substitute media except in the powder of coconut coir （PCC） were all better than those in the contrast PM. The synthetically evaluation index of the plant showed that the sawdust, the powder of maize core, the powder of soybean stalk, the powder of peanut hull could take place the peat moss totally in C. percicum industrialization cultivation.     

Effect of different methods for the induction of spermiation on semen quality in European eel

Five hormonal treatments with human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) were tested for the induction of maturation and spermiation in male farmed eels. The main aim was to optimize previously used hormonal treatments to achieve shorter induction treatments, longer spermiation periods and/or higher sperm quality. Fish treated for just 3 weeks (treatment E) or until the onset of spermiation (treatment C) showed the worst results, while the treatment consisting of weekly administration of 1.5 IU hCG g^?1 fish (treatment A) induced the highest percentage of spermiating males, the highest number of sperm samples and sperm volumes and densities similar to the rest of the treatments (B: half hormone dosage, or D: biweekly administration). Evaluation of the sperm quality was performed by computer‐assisted sperm analysis (CASA), considering the percentage of total motile spermatozoa, the percentage of fast and medium‐velocity spermatozoa, as well as different motility parameters. Sperm samples from A‐D groups showed between 44% and 54% motile spermatozoa, and between 10% and 15% fast spermatozoa, while samples from E‐treated males showed 0% motile cells. No significant differences were found in the spermatozoa straight line velocity (VSL), curvilinear velocity (VCL) or the angular velocity (VAP), neither spermatozoa beating cross frequency (BCF) between A–D groups.     

Fatty acid composition of 12 microalgae for possible use in aquaculture feed

Twelve algal strains representing the classes Cyanophyceae, Prymnesiophyceae, Bacillariophyceae, Rhodophyceae, Cryptophyceae, Chlorophyceae, Xantophyceae and Eustigmatophyceae were selected mainly from the culture collection of the Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA). The algae were grown as continuous cultures in a 1.8 l. reactor, internally illuminated with an 11 W fluorescent tube. The retention time was adjusted in the range 2–4 days to fit the growth rate of the algae. The growth responses and fatty acid composition were analysed. The maximum production rate was obtained with Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata (0.63 g 1⁻¹ day⁻¹) and the lowest with Porphyridium cruentum 0.13 g 1⁻¹ day⁻¹. Arachidonic acid (AA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) were the dominating polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in P. cruentum, while only EPA accumulated in Phaeodactylum tricornutum. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) was the major PUFA in Isochrysis galbana, while Pavlova sp. had both EPA and DHA. This is the first report on the fatty acid profiles of Nannochloropsis oceanica, Chroococcus sp., Synechococcus sp. and Tribonema sp.