Histologic Evaluation of Palmar Digital Nerves after Perineural Injection of 2% Ammonium Chloride in Miniature Horses

Neurolytic compounds are widely used by equine practitioners for the management of lameness, mostly related to the foot. The present study aimed to evaluate the neurotoxicity of 2% ammonium chloride (2% AC) applied adjacent to the palmar digital nerves in six miniature horses. The 2% AC and 0.9% saline solution were randomly injected into three and one palmar digital nerve of each horse, respectively. Nerve samples were collected by neurectomy performed under general anesthesia at 5, 12, 19, 35, 47, and 62 days after treatment, with one horse per day of surgery. The inflammatory reaction to perineural injection was evaluated by an increase of pastern superficial skin temperature through thermography 24 hours after treatments. Histological lesions were classified as absent, mild, moderate, and severe Wallerian degeneration. An increase of 2.43 ± 0.79°C and 1.69 ± 0.55°C was observed in the 2% AC and control groups, respectively (P > .05). Moreover, histologic lesions were observed after perineural injection of 2% AC (severe, n = 5/18; moderate, n = 4/18; mild, n = 5/18; and absent, n = 4/18) and saline solution (moderate, n = 3/6; mild, n = 1/6; and absent, n = 2/6) (P = .46). The 2% AC demonstrated to be as safe as 0.9% saline solution, producing mild to severe Wallerian degeneration for up to 62 days after injection with no interference in further neurectomy.     

核桃专用生物-有机-无机复混肥对核桃种植的影响

目前核桃专用肥以复混肥搭配有机肥为主,肥料利用率较低,且会造成肥料浪费,增加施肥成本;本研究结合核桃需肥规律和核桃主产区土壤养分情况,针对核桃专用肥的施用现状在云南核桃主产区进行生物-有机-无机复混肥的应用研究,旨在提高肥料利用率、减少肥料施用量和提高核桃产区土壤微生物活性;在肥料施用期间检测土壤微生物情况以及功能菌株...     

Development of Researching the Synthetical Application of Compound Microorganisms

This article summarized that compound microorganisms had many advantages compared with single strain such as symbiosis, co prosperity co culture, so it can cut down the cost, unchain the feedback repression in fermentation and improve the efficiency of production. It described the resources, constitutes and physiological characteristics of compound microorganisms with examples, which displayed its superiority farther. It is showed that the application of compound microorganisms to the agriculture,industry,medicine and environment variable analyzed etc. The problems lying in the application of the compound microorganisms technology and some views on solving these problems. Compound microorganisms are expected to serve all the fields more and achieve more economic and social efficiency.     

复合南瓜粉中花生四烯酸(ARA)添加工艺研究

介绍了花生四烯酸(ARA)油剂、粉剂在复合南瓜粉中的添加工艺,论述了ARA在添加工程中发生变化的因素和可能存在的问题。采用湿法和干法2种ARA添加工艺生产复合南瓜粉,ARA平均回收率分别为93.5%和95.9%,ARA损耗率较低。2种添加工艺对乳粉的感官指标、溶解度、过氧化值等关键质量指标无影响,说明湿法和干法添加ARA工艺均是可行和可靠的,而干法添加工艺在降低ARA损耗方面具有一定的优势。     

黑花生“中花9号”的施肥效应研究

在露地栽培条件下,设置5个复合肥施用量处理,探讨使用万植牌有机无机复合肥(N-P-K=15-15-15)栽培黑花生中花9号的适宜施肥量。结果表明:三峡库区采用万植牌有机无机复合肥露地栽培中花9号的适宜施肥量为40kg/667m~2,荚果产量可达249.5 kg/667m~2,饱果产量218.0 kg/667m~2,籽仁产量170.3 kg/667m~2,饱满籽仁产量可达126.6 kg/667m~2。     

一种复合微生物菌剂在甜脆豌豆中的田间应用效果

为了探究复合微生物菌剂615在甜脆豌豆栽培中的田间应用效果,以甜脆豌豆品种‘长寿仁’为试材,研究了4种施肥处理（不施肥对照,单施复合菌剂615,单施化肥,化肥+复合菌剂615配施）对主要农艺性状、产量和品质、根际微生物数量的影响。结果表明：所有施肥处理可显著提高结荚率（幅度为7.90%～12.49%）,单施菌剂的病害率减少10.83%;所有施肥处理均可显著增加小区产量（幅度为10.75%～19.82%）,其中化肥与菌剂配施增幅最大(19.82%)。单施菌剂使鲜食籽粒的总糖、蛋白和淀粉含量增加50.00%、9.24%和59.37%(p<0.05),其开花结荚期根际中的细菌、真菌和放线菌数量是苗期的1.93倍、2.38倍和2.36倍,化肥与菌剂配施可提高总糖和淀粉含量(p<0.05)。综合经济和生态效益,甜脆豌豆施肥推荐化肥与复合菌剂615配施。     

蓝莓汁复合酶法制取工艺的优化研究

以蓝莓为原料,考察了复合酶添加量、复合酶配比、酶解温度、酶解时间4个因素对蓝莓出汁率的影响。在单因素试验的基础上,采用Box-Behnken响应面设计对复合酶酶解蓝莓汁的工艺参数进行进一步的优化。结果表明,复合酶法制取蓝莓汁的最佳工艺参数为:复合酶添加量0.20%,复合酶(果胶酶∶纤维素酶)配比3∶1(m∶m),酶解温度47℃,酶解时间84 min,该工艺条件下蓝莓出汁率达78.38%,与模型预测值78.54%相比,其相对误差约为0.20%,表明在蓝莓汁复合酶法制取过程中采用响应面试验设计对工艺参数进行优化是可行的。     

复合山楂果粉加工工艺研究

以山楂为原料,以山楂果粉VC和水分含量为考察指标,筛选出制作山楂果粉的最佳干燥方法;同时在单因素试验的基础上,通过正交试验优化了复合山楂果粉的最佳配方。结果表明,山楂果粉以真空冷冻干燥制品中VC含量最高,达55.75 mg/100 g,喷雾干燥山楂果粉水分含量最低,为3.13%;复合山楂果粉的最佳配方为:山楂200 g、红枣35 g、白砂糖5 g、复合酸0.3 g、麦芽糊精30 g,该配方制得的山楂果粉呈淡玫瑰红色、酸甜可口、风味较好。     

鲜切莲藕中褐变因素分析的研究进展

鲜切莲藕的褐变问题很大程度上限制了产品的生产和销售,分析其褐变因素对解决贮运保鲜问题具有重要意义。本文针对文献资料介绍的导致鲜切莲藕褐变的各因素(酚类物质、多酚氧化酶及环境条件)进行总结和分析,阐明各因素在保鲜贮藏中的变化规律,以期为莲藕加工提供理论借鉴和技术指导。     

响应面法优化人参果枸杞葡萄复合饮料工艺

以人参果、枸杞和葡萄为原料,研制一种人参果枸杞葡萄复合饮料。通过正交试验确定了复合汁中人参果汁、枸杞汁和葡萄汁最佳体积配比为4∶3∶5。在此基础上,通过单因素试验和Box-Behnken试验优化的最佳配方为：复合汁添加量44%,白砂糖添加量6.7%,柠檬酸添加量0.1%。复合稳定剂为0.1%羧甲基纤维素钠（CMC-Na）+0.15%卡拉胶。按上述配方制得的人参果枸杞葡萄复合饮料感官品质较好,呈透亮的橙红色,酸甜可口、协调适当,具有人参果特有的香气,风味独特。