高效液相色谱法测定动物性食品中马波沙星残留量的研究

建立了高效液相色谱法测定猪肝脏、肌肉、肾脏、脂肪等组织中马波沙星残留量的方法。以氧氟沙星为内标物,将经过前处理的样品用高效液相色谱仪测定。经验证,马波沙星在肝脏、肌肉等组织中的浓度在0.02~10μg/g范围内呈良好的线性关系,r≥0.999;方法检出限为0.01μg/g,最低定量限为0.02μg/g;在动物组织中以不同水平添加马波沙星,其回收率均在70%~120%之间,批内变异系数≤10%,批间变异系数≤15%。该残留检测方法具有灵敏度高、准确度及精密度高等优点,满足动物性食品安全检测的要求。     

肉骨粉在水产饲料中的应用

本文综述了肉骨粉在水产饲料中的应用、影响肉骨粉使用的因素及改善水产动物对肉骨粉利用率的途径,以期为其深入研究和合理应用提供理论依据。     

科学实验中动物致死方式的选择

在动物科学、动物医学或人类医学科研工作中,常常见到在实验过程或实验结束后,为节约成本等需要,会将实验动物致死,抱着对生命的敬畏,对动物选择适当的致死方式,使动物痛苦降低到最低程度,将成为每个科研人员必修的一课,这不但有利于科研结果得出正确的结论,也完全符合动物福利原则。     

Pituitary tumor model induced by diethylstilbestrol in rats

AIM:To establish a stable pituitary tumor model by diethylstilbestrol(DES) induction in Wistar rats. METHODS:Wistar-Furth rats were randomly divided into DES treatment group, arachis oil treatment group and control group. The behavior changes and body weight of the rats were recorded. Ten rats in DES group and 5 in each of the other 2 groups were sacrificed after 4, 8 and 12 weeks, respectively. The weight and the histological and morphological changes of the pituitary gland, serum prolactin(PRL) level, and expression of CD31 were detected. RESULTS:Trichomadesis and behavior changes such as slowdown and anorexia were observed in a majority of rats in DES group 2 weeks after treatment. The increase in body weight of the rats in DES group was significantly slower than that in the other 2 groups. Tumor formation was detected in DES group, and abnormal cells were found after HE staining in despite of the sexes. CD31 expression in DES group was significantly higher than that in the other 2 groups. Serum PRL and the weight of pituitary gland were higher in DES group. CONCLUSION:Pituitary tumor model induced by DES in Wistar-Furth rats is a stable and convenient pituitary tumor model.     

动物性食品安全HACCP管理探讨

关注动物性食品安全就是关注人类健康和自然社会的和谐发展。基于影响动物性食品安全的生产、环境、运输、屠宰等领域的因素分析,提出利用HACCP管理体系对动物性食品安全4个关键控制点进行管理,以保证动物性食品的质量和安全。     

规模化猪场疫病传入风险分析模型的构建

疫病对猪场造成重大损失,是猪场发展的主要制约因素。为规范猪场管理,减少疫病,根据现今猪场疫病概况,以调查问卷及专家调查的方法确定疫病传入猪场的风险因素,再运用动物卫生风险分析技术模拟规模化猪场疫病传入的暴露模型,并构建风险评估数学模型,最后采取实例验证该模型。结果表明,该模型在定量评估猪场疫病发生风险可能性大小上是可行的。     

锌指核酸酶技术在动物转基因中的应用

锌指核酸酶(Zinc finger nuclease,ZFN)具有特异性识别并敲除DNA片段中特定基因的特点,通过对DNA片段上的特定基因进行靶向修饰产生新型细胞,是能够应用于动物转基因上的一种新技术.该技术已在一些动物的研究上取得了一定的成果,相对于传统的转基因技术,该技术在简化操作程序、缩短操作时间及提升成功率上都有很大的提高.就常用的动物转基因方法、锌指核酸酶技术的作用原理以及在动物转基因上的应用及其前景进行了论述.     

海洋动物活性物质工业化制备技术研究进展

简要介绍了目前已应用于海洋生物活性物质工业化制备的方法,如酶解、超临界流体萃取等提取技术和工业制备色谱、膜分离等分离技术,并简述了以上技术在工业化方面的具体应用.     

Farmer’s views and values to focus on cattle conservation policies: the case of eight European countries

Our aim was to identify elements useful in designing policies and programmes for conservation of farm animal genetic resources, taking as case study a group of European local cattle breeds. We first investigated the implications of differences among countries in the policies and programmes to be developed. Secondly, we analysed key elements common to countries, which may affect local breed viability. We used the herd size trend expected by the farmer in the near future as an indicator of breed viability. Fifteen breeds, for a total of 355 farms, were surveyed. To take into account the multiple factors influencing breeds’ demographic trends, the questionnaire included economical, technical and social aspects. Among the major differences across countries was the perception of the farmer on the value attributed to the local breed by society. Concerning the elements common to countries and their association to breed viability, the greater the collaboration among farmers and the stakeholders’ appreciation as perceived by the farmer, the greater the viability of the farm. An opposite trend was observed for the age of the farmer. Older farmers generally planned to soon cease farming or decrease herd size, whereas young farmers planned to increase the size of their herds. Implications of including these elements in conservation polices are discussed.     

A collagenase gel/physical defect model for controlled induction of superficial digital flexor tendonitis

Reasons for performing study: A consistent and clinically relevant model for the induction of core lesions confined to the mid‐metacarpal superficial digital flexor tendon (SDFT) has not been previously reported. Injection of bacterial collagenase is commonly used but often results in large, irregular and inconsistent lesions that disrupt the superficial tendon layers and epitenon. Objective: To develop and evaluate a new injection technique for collagenase induction of SDFT injury. Methods: Collagenase gel was injected into a physical columnar defect created by longitudinally placing a curved 16 gauge 8.89 cm needle in the mid‐metacarpal SDFT in a randomly selected forelimb of 10 horses. A placebo treatment injection was performed 1 week later. Serial ultrasound examinations were performed. Horses were subjected to euthanasia at 2 (n = 2), 4 (n = 2), 8 (n = 4) and 16 (n = 2) weeks post treatment injection. Post mortem magnetic resonance imaging and histological analysis were performed. Gene expression (18S, SCX, TNC, TNMD, COL1A1, COL3A1, COMP, DCN, MMP1, MMP3 and MMP13), total DNA, glycosaminoglycan and collagen content were determined for experimental tendons (n = 10) and unaffected tendons (n = 9). Results: Mid‐metacarpal SDFT core lesion induction was successful in all tendons with consistent lesion cross‐sectional area and minimal epitenon disruption. Histology confirmed loss of normal tendon architecture after tendonitis induction and subsequent healing of the tendon core lesion. Compared with gene expression in unaffected tendons, several tested genes were significantly upregulated (COL1A1, COL3A1, TNMD, SCX, TNC, MMP13), while others showed significant downregulation (COMP, DCN, and MMP3). Conclusion: Compared with the previously used direct injection of collagenase, this injection technique was easily performed and induced more consistent lesions that were mid‐metacarpal and did not disrupt the epitenon. Potential relevance: This model will allow for objective assessment of therapies for tendon regeneration in the mid‐metacarpal SDFT prior to clinical trials and routine clinical application.