“六字诀”呼吸训练法对老年气虚体质肺癌术后患者体质与生活质量的影响

目的 探讨"六字诀"呼吸训练法对老年气虚体质肺癌术后患者体质和生活质量的影响。方法 将2016年5月~2017年5月住院的60例老年气虚体质肺癌术后患者随机分为试验组和对照组,试验组在对照组基础上加用"六字诀"呼吸训练法,结合中医体质分类与判定量表和癌症患者生活质量测定量表EORTC QLQ-C30,观察患者体质与生活质量情况。结果 试验结束后,两组气虚质得分差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。EORTC QLQ-C30评分,入院第一天,两组差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;第30天后,试验组患者角色功能、情绪功能、认知功能领域和总健康状况均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）,试验组在症状领域得分均低于对照组。结论 "六字诀"呼吸训练法可改善患者老年气虚质肺癌术后患者体质,提高其生活质量。     

药用菌多糖的抗肿瘤作用研究

[目的]研究赤芝、蝉花2种药用茵的茵丝体多糖对小鼠Lewis肺癌的抑制作用。[方法]每只健康小鼠腋下接种肺癌细胞悬液0．2ml,建立肺癌模型,连续灌胃给药9d,并测定各组小鼠的胸腺指数,脾脏指数和抑瘤率。[结果]赤芝多糖剂量为200mg／kg·d时抑瘤率最高,为50．2％;蝉花多糖剂量为200mg,／kg·d时抑瘤率最高,为46．3％。[结论]2种多糖对Lewis肺癌都有抑制作用,并且赤芝多糖优于蝉花多糖。     

Analysis of radiosensitivity of cancer stem‐like cells derived from canine cancer cell lines

Cancer stem‐like cells (CSCs) are self‐renewing cells comprising a small subpopulation in tumours, and generate differentiated progeny through asymmetric division. It has been shown that CSCs are resistant to ionizing radiation, and this feature could be one of the mechanisms of tumour recurrence after radiation therapy. Much attention has been focused on to target CSCs; however, difficult of isolating CSCs and lack of knowledge on their radiosensitivity have limited this kind of research in veterinary medicine. In the present study, sphere‐forming cells (SC), cultured using sphere formation method, were isolated from four type of canine tumour cell lines and evaluated if they have CSCs‐like properties by expression of CSCs markers (real‐time polymerase chain reaction) and capacity of tumorigenesis (xenograft transplantation in nude mice), and were assessed radiosensitivity (clonogenic survival assay) and DNA repair kinetics (immunofluorescence staining for p53‐binding protein 1) after X‐ray irradiation in comparison with the corresponding normal adherent culture cells (AC). All SCs were isolated using sphere formation and showed high gene expression of CD133 and tumorigenic ability as compared with AC. All SCs were significantly resistant against X‐ray irradiation as compared with AC. In addition, the amount of DNA double‐strand breaks after X‐ray irradiation were significantly lower in SC compared with the corresponding AC. These results indicate that SC isolated through sphere formation possess CSCs‐like characteristics and CSCs are important factor that affect radiosensitivity in canine tumours. In addition, radioresistance of CSCs may depend on reaction of DNA double‐strand break after X‐ray exposure.     

Effect of ixazomib on apoptosis and NF-κB signaling pathway in pancreatic cancer cells

AIM:To investigate the effects of ixazomib on the apoptosis and NF-κB signaling pathway in pancreatic cancer cells. METHODS:Human pancreatic cancer cell lines CFPAC-1 and PANC-1 were cultured, and the cells were treated with ixazomib at 0, 10, 20, 30 and 40 nmol/L for 12, 18, 24 and 48 h. The expression of NF-κB p65, IκB kinase (IKK), Bax and caspase-3 in the cells at mRNA and protein levels was determined by RT-qPCR and Western blot. The cell viability was measured by CCK-8 assay. The apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry. RESULTS:Treatment with ixazomib at 10~40 nmol/L inhibited the viability of PANC-1 cells and CFPAC-1 cells, and the inhibitory rate was increased significantly with the increases in the concentration and time (P<0.05). Compared with the control cells, treatment with ixazomib significantly increased the apoptotic rates of PANC-1 cells and CFPAC-1 cells in a dose- dependent manner (P<0.05), and significantly decreased the mRNA expression levels of NF-κB p65 and IKK in the PANC-1 cells and CFPAC-1 cells (P<0.05), while the mRNA expression levels of apoptotic factors Bax and caspase-3 in the PANC-1 cells and CFPAC-1 cells were significantly increased (P<0.05). The results of Western blot showed that treatment with ixazomib significantly decreased the protein levels of NF-κB p65 and IKK in the PANC-1 cells and CFPAC-1 cells (P<0.05), which was consistent with the results of mRNA expression. The protein levels of apoptosis factors Bax and caspase-3 in the CFPAC-1 cells were significantly increased (P<0.05), and the protein level of caspase-3 in the PANC-1 cells was increased significantly (P<0.05). However, Bax protein did not increase significantly in 10 nmol/L ixazomib group. CONCLUSION:Ixazomib, a proteasome inhibitor, inhibits the viability of pancreatic cancer cells and promotes apoptosis by inhibiting the activation of NF-κB signaling pathway in a time- and dose-dependent manner.     

黄芩苷通过上调miR-126诱导乳腺癌细胞凋亡的机制研究

目的 用黄芩苷干预人乳腺癌细胞株MDA-MB-231,观察黄芩苷对乳腺癌细胞增殖、凋亡的影响及作用机制。方法 用qRT-PCR检测miR-126的表达变化,Western-blot检测Bcl-2、Caspase-9、Caspase-3、p-p38和p53的表达,MTT法检测细胞增殖,流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡。结果 miR-126在乳腺癌MDA-MB-231细胞中的表达比正常乳腺细胞低,黄芩苷干预乳腺癌细胞后miR-126上调最为明显（P<0.05）。用miR-126 mimics、miR-126 inhibitors转染乳腺癌细胞,Western-blot显示黄芩苷及miR-126 mimics作用于人乳腺癌细胞后Bcl-2表达水平下降,Caspase-9和Caspase-3的裂解产物、p-p38、p53表达增加,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。MTT法显示黄芩苷和miR-126 均可抑制乳腺癌细胞的增殖,流式细胞术显示黄芩苷与miR-126 mimics促进癌细胞凋亡。结论 黄芩苷可以抑制乳腺癌细胞的增殖,促进其凋亡,其机制可能与通过上调miR-126调节凋亡相关基因有关。     

MicroRNA-34a影响宫颈癌细胞增殖及PTEN基因表达的研究

目的探讨microRNA-34a对宫颈癌细胞增殖及抑癌基因PTEN表达的影响。方法 Hela细胞株传代培养后分为上调组、下调组和对照组,分别转染microRNA-34a模拟物、抑制物和对照物,48 h后用CCK-8、定量PCR、Western blot法检测细胞增殖及PTEN mRNA、蛋白表达。采用生物信息软件预测microRNA-34a靶基因。结果上调组Hela细胞增殖比对照组降低23.43%（P〈0.01）,而下调组比对照组增加14.77%（P〈0.01）。上调组PTEN mRNA和蛋白表达升高（P〈0.01）,而下调组表达降低（P〈0.05）。靶基因预测分析显示microRNA-34a与PTEN基因mRNA的3UTR区无互补结合区。结论 microRNA-34a抑制宫颈癌细胞增殖,可能与促进抑癌基因PTEN表达有关。     

Loss of p27 expression in canine mammary tumors and their metastases

The p27 gene is a member of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors, which arrest G1- to S-phase transition of the cell cycle. We have previously shown a significant reduction of p27 mRNA expression level in laser-microdissected mammary carcinomas and their lymph node metastases when compared to non-neoplastic mammary gland of the same dog. Here, p27 expression was analyzed on the protein level in non-neoplastic mammary gland, primary mammary carcinomas, their lymph node metastases and intravascular tumor cells of 49 dogs, adenomas of 49 dogs and non-neoplastic mammary gland of 98 dogs by immunohistochemistry. A significantly (p ? 0.05) decreased percentage of p27 positive tissue samples was found when normal gland was compared with adenomas, carcinomas and lymph node metastases. Specifically, 91% of normal gland epithelium displayed nuclear p27 expression. In contrast, only 22% of the adenomas, 20% of carcinomas, 12% of lymph node metastases and 32% of intravascular tumor cells had p27 reactivity. Cell cycle control by p27 is therefore lost in the majority of canine mammary tumors. The lack of significant differences between benign and malignant mammary tumors indicates that decreased p27 expression is an early step in carcinogenesis of canine mammary tumors and hinders the use of p27 as a marker of malignancy for this tumor type.