镉胁迫下富铁有机肥对芒草生长及镉富集的影响

为了探究镉胁迫下富铁有机肥对芒草生长及镉富集的影响,通过盆栽试验,设置CK（不施肥）、ZCK（施加普通有机肥）和Z2、Z3（施加不同浓度富铁有机肥）处理。结果表明：与CK相比,所有施肥处理均促进了芒草生长,改善了土壤理化性质,抑制了芒草富集重金属,且其中Z2、Z3比ZCK对芒草生长的效果更好。相对于ZCK,Z3的芒草干质量显著增加了131.80%,Z2的芒草根长显著增加了54.22%。此外,Z2地上部的镉含量相比于ZCK显著降低了49.86%,Z3地下部的镉含量相比于CK显著降低了58.94%。研究表明,施加富铁有机肥相对于普通有机肥更能有效促进芒草生长并抑制芒草对镉的富集,该肥料具有对轻度镉污染土壤进行边修复边生产的应用潜力。     

硫酸新霉素可溶性粉在靶动物猪的安全性研究

为了客观评价硫酸新霉素可溶性粉对靶动物猪临床应用的安全性,将32头仔猪随机分为4组,每组8头,分别设1倍、3倍、5倍临床推荐剂量组和空白对照组,连续混饮硫酸新霉素可溶性粉15 d,通过检测各组受试猪的临床表现、血液常规指标、血清生化指标、尿液常规指标及病理学变化等评价其临床用药的安全性。结果:硫酸新霉素可溶性粉以5倍临床推荐剂量内应用于靶动物猪后,对其临床症状、体重、血常规、血生化及尿常规等指标没有显著影响,解剖学及病理组织学检查也未见任何病理变化,说明硫酸新霉素可溶性粉以1倍、3倍、5倍临床推荐剂量应用于靶动物猪是安全的。     

硫酸多粘菌素E在猪体内的药代动力学和生物利用度研究

健康断奶仔猪 5头 ,分别进行单剂量肌注 (2 5和 5 0mg/kgb .w .)和静注 (2 5mg/kgb .w .)给药 ,并用微生物学方法对硫酸多粘菌素E在猪体内的药代动力学和绝对生物利用度进行了研究。以 3P97程序处理血药浓度—时间数据 ,结果表明 ,以 2 5和 5 0mg/kgb .w .的剂量肌注给药时 ,其血清中药物的峰浓度 (Cmax)分别为 3 73± 0 2 8μg/ml和 6 40± 0 1 8μg/ml,达峰时间分别为 32 2 2± 1 51min和 34 1 8± 1 76min ,消除半衰期 (t1 / 2 β)为 2 55 99± 1 3 65min和 2 64 0 8± 2 8 57min ;以 2 5mg/kgb .w .的剂量静注给药时 ,其消除半衰期 (t1 / 2 β)为 2 51 2 8± 1 2 53min。静注和肌注在体内的分布均为一级吸收二室模型。肌注 2 5和 5 0mg/kgb .w .剂量的注射液时 ,其平均绝对生物利用度分别为 98 30 %和 88 54 %。     

Amino Acid-Coupled Bromophenols and a Sulfated Dimethylsulfonium Lanosol from the Red Alga Vertebrata lanosa

Vertebrata lanosa is a red alga that can commonly be found along the shores of Europe and North America. Its composition of bromophenols has been studied intensely. The aim of the current study was therefore to further investigate the phytochemistry of this alga, focusing more on the polar components. In total, 23 substances were isolated, including lanosol-4,7-disulfate (4) and the new compounds 3,5-dibromotyrosine (12), 3-bromo-5-sulfodihydroxyphenylalanine (13), 3-bromo-6-lanosyl dihydroxyphenylalanine (14), 3-(6′-lanosyl lanosyl) tyrosine (15) and 5-sulfovertebratol (16). In addition, 4-sulfo-7-dimethylsulfonium lanosol (7) was identified. While, in general, the dimethylsulfonium moiety is widespread in algae, its appearance in bromophenol is unique. Moreover, the major glycerogalactolipids, including the new ((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-eicosapentaenoic acid 3′-[(6′’-O-α-galactopyranosyl-β-D-galactopyranosyl)]-1-glycerol ester (23), and mycosporine-like amino acids, porphyra-334 (17), aplysiapalythine A (18) and palythine (19), were identified.     

两种多糖对齐口裂腹鱼生长、血清抗氧化指标及组织镉积累量的影响

为研究0.40%硫酸软骨素(CS)和酸解氧化魔芋葡甘露聚糖(AOKGM)对齐口裂腹鱼生长、抗氧化及镉胁迫之后抗氧化性能和组织中(肝脏、肾脏和鳃)镉积累量的影响,实验选取450尾初始体质量为(98.00±8.54) g的齐口裂腹鱼分为3组(对照组、AOKGM组和CS组),进行为期8周的养殖实验,然后每个实验组选取120尾齐口裂腹鱼暴露在镉环境中,进行15 d的镉胁迫实验(镉浓度分别为0、0.10、0.25和1.00 mg/L),分别对2种多糖在齐口裂腹鱼生长及抗氧化性能方面进行相关研究,以及分析镉胁迫后2种多糖的抗氧化性能和组织中镉的积累量。结果显示,与对照组相比,2种多糖显著提高了齐口裂腹鱼的特定生长率、脾体指数和头肾指数;粗脂肪、灰分和粗蛋白质相对于对照组也有显著影响。CS和AOKGM均显著提高血清超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、总蛋白(TP)和一氧化氮(NO)含量,降低葡萄糖(GLU)含量;CS能显著提高血清谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性和胆固醇(TC)含量,降低丙二醛(MDA)含量。结果显示,与镉浓度0 mg/L相比,MDA含量在镉浓度为1.00 mg/L时最高,SOD活性在镉浓度为1.00 mg/L时最低,GSH-Px活性在镉浓度为0.25和1.00 mg/L时显著降低,NO含量在镉浓度为0.25和1.00 mg/L时显著升高。镉胁迫实验中,与对照组相比,2种多糖组的SOD活性显著提高,MDA含量降低;NO含量在镉浓度0.10～1.00 mg/L胁迫时显著降低;CS显著提高镉浓度0.10、0.25 mg/L胁迫下的GSH-Px活性,AOKGM组GSH-Px活性在镉浓度为0.25、1.00 mg/L时显著高于对照组。与无镉组对比,齐口裂腹鱼肝脏、肾脏和鳃镉的积累量在各镉浓度下显著增加;而CS和AOKGM均能够降低机体组织镉含量。研究表明,在饲料中添加0.40%的2种多糖均能提高齐口裂腹鱼生长、抗氧化性能,降低镉胁迫下鱼体肝脏、肾脏和鳃中镉的积累量,缓解镉对齐口裂腹鱼造成的氧化损伤,为齐口裂腹鱼饲料的开发提供新的理论依据。     

钠水平及种类对肉鸡生长性能、胴体性状及血清矿物质水平的影响

文章旨在评估日粮钠水平及种类对肉鸡生长性能、胴体性状及血清矿物质水平的影响.试验选择平均初始体重一致的白羽肉仔鸡832只,随机分为8组,每组4个重复,每个重复26只鸡.试验日粮采用4×2因子设计,即日粮钠水平分别为1.5、2.4、3.3和4.2 g/kg,以小苏打和硫酸钠两种形式添加,试验共进行42 d.结果:1～10...     

安泰粉针剂治疗犊牛腹泻的临床试验

采用临床对比观察的方法,试验安泰粉针剂对83头犊牛腹泻的治疗效果.治疗组口服安泰粉针剂1.5万单位/kg体重,1次/d,连用3～5 d;对照组肌肉注射氟哌酸注射液4.0～8.0 mg/kg体重,2次/d,连用3～5 d,或口服氟哌酸片,10片/次,2～3次/d,连用3～5 d.安泰粉针剂对犊牛腹泻的治疗效果好于临床常用药物氟哌酸,但无统计学意义(P＞0.05).     

粗硫酸盐松节油一步法合成矿物浮选起泡剂的研究

以粗硫酸盐松节油为原料，采用PS（一种有机酸代号）为催化剂，在催化剂质量用量为原料的20％，水与原料摩尔比为2：1、反应温度60℃、反应时间8h的条件下，合成矿物浮选起泡剂。起泡剂总一元醇含量为32．42％，总有效成分含量为55．56％，产品各项质量指标和浮选性能明显优于市售工业品。     

Evaluation of the ability of colistin,amoxicillin (components of Potencil®), and fluoroquinolones to attenuate bacterial endotoxin‐ and Shiga exotoxin‐mediated cytotoxicity—In vitro studies

Escherichia coli is one of the major pathogens in humans and animals causing localized and systemic infections, which often lead to acute inflammation, watery diarrhea, and hemorrhagic colitis. Bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and Shiga exotoxins (Stx) are mostly responsible for such clinical signs. Therefore, highly effective treatment of E. coli infections should include both eradication of bacteria and neutralization of their toxins. Here, for the first time, we compared the in vitro ability of common antibiotics to decrease LPS‐ and Stx‐mediated cytotoxicity: colistin, amoxicillin (used separately or combined), enrofloxacin, and its metabolite ciprofloxacin. Three experimental scenarios were realized as follows: (a) the direct effect of antibiotics on endotoxin, (b) the effect of antibiotic treatment on LPS‐mediated cytotoxicity in an experiment mimicking “natural infection,” (c) the effect of antibiotics to decrease Stx2e‐mediated cytotoxicity. Two cell lines, A549 and Vero cells, were used to perform cytotoxic assays with the methyl tetrazolium (MTT) and lactate dehydrogenase leakage (LDH) methods, respectively. Colistin and amoxicillin, especially used in combination, were able to attenuate LPS toxic effect, which was reflected by increase in A549 cell viability. In comparison with other antibiotics, the combination of colistin and amoxicillin exhibited the highest boster or additive effect in protecting cells against LPS‐ and Stx2e‐induced toxicity. In summary, in comparison with fluoroquinolones, the combination of colistin and amoxicillin at concentrations similar to those achieved in plasma of treated animals exhibited the highest ability to attenuate LPS‐ and Stx2e‐mediated cytotoxicity.