草莓FaMYB10蛋白互作验证及启动子克隆

本研究旨在探究光信号如何调控草莓花青素苷合成的分子机制,利用同源克隆法从3个不同颜色的草莓品种(‘红颜’,‘桃熏’,‘白雪公主’)中分离得到FaMYB10基因及其启动子序列,采用酵母双杂交系统验证FaMYB10的转录激活能力及其与FaCOP1的蛋白互作关系,利用红颜草莓FaMYB10基因的启动子序列构建酵母单杂交诱饵载体pHIS2-ProFaMYB10,并验证其在酵母Y187中的自激活现象。结果表明,经测序显示3个不同颜色的草莓品种FaMYB10基因的CDS区域序列完全一致为702 bp,但是在启动子区域存在不同差异。酵母双杂交实验表明Fa MYB10在Y2HGold中存在转录激活能力,FaMYB10同FaCOP1存在蛋白质与蛋白质互作关系。在Y187宿主内,发现当3-AT浓度达到60 mmol/L无法抑制FaMYB10基因启动子带来的自激活现象。本研究结果为理解草莓通过光信号传导调控下游FaMYB10,进而影响花青素苷合成的分子机制提供一定理论参考。     

Genetic variation in bitter pit and fruit calcium concentrations within a diverse apple germplasm collection

Summary Genetic variability in the apple [Malus] fruit disorder bitter pit and fruit calcium concentrations ([Ca]) was determined in 25 seedling families at each of two sites from 1999 to 2000 and again for one site, in 2001. Most trees were free of pit or had low pit incidence, which could be approximated by an over-dispersed binomial distribution. A genetic component to external and internal pit incidence was found across both sites and all years. This effect was irrespective of the use of several cropping factors, average fruit weight or fruit mineral concentrations as covariates in the analyses. Year and/or site always had substantial effects on pit incidence. Interactions of genetic effects with site or year were also detected with large differences in mean pit incidence between sites or years for some families but not others. No relationship was found between mean family pit incidence and mean family [Ca] or mean family harvest date. However fruit [Ca] and harvest date were usually important predictors of within-family variation in pit incidence. For any one seedling, family had the largest effect on bitter pit incidence followed by site and [Ca] and the smallest effect was that of harvest date. [Ca] showed a strong genetic component and estimated family means of [Ca] were consistent at different sites and years. These results suggest that susceptibility of apple genotypes to bitter pit in breeding programmes may be best assessed through screening across multiple sites and seasons. Fruit [Ca] might be useful as an indirect selection index for bitter pit within, but not among families.     

生长因子FGF10转基因本氏烟草植株的获得及其表达分析

成纤维细胞生长因子10(FGF10)具有非常重要的科研和医疗价值,但其目前有限产量难以满足市场需要,而植物生物反应器能为解决这一问题提供切实可行的途径.本研究构建了由组成型强启动子CaMV35S驱动且人工修饰的FGF10基因植物表达载体,通过农杆菌介导法将其导入本氏烟草基因组中,利用筛选标记基因Bar进行草铵膦抗性筛选...     

氮沉降对湿地松林土壤呼吸的影响

为了阐明湿地松林土壤呼吸对氮沉降响应的变化规律以及氮沉降是否改变土壤呼吸温度敏感性系数,运用LI-8100开路式土壤碳通量测量系统测定模拟氮沉降4种不同处理水平[0、5、15、30 g/(m2?a)]下湿地松林(Pinus elliottii)的土壤呼吸速率及土壤温、湿度。结果表明：湿地松林土壤胡须呈明显季节变化,7月最高,1月最低。各处理土壤呼吸年累积量为：对照(CK)[5.28±1.02 t/(hm2?a)]、低氮[LN 4.51±0.64 t/(hm2?a)]、中氮[LN 4.66±0.51 t/(hm2?a)]和高氮[HN 4.20±0.43 t/(hm2?a)]。全年对照处理土壤呼吸速率平均值为CK[1.44±0.28 μmol/(m2?s)]比各氮沉降处理LN[1.20±0.17μmol/(m2?s)]、MN[1.24±0.13μmol/(m2?s)]、HN[1.11±0.11μmol/(m2?s)]高16.6%、13.8%、22.9%。土壤呼吸速率与10 cm土壤温度呈显著相关正指数关系(P<0.01),相关性指数(R2)在0.6049~0.7557之间,湿地松林在各处理氮沉降下温度敏感性系数分别为LN(1.72)、MN(1.75)、HN(1.79)同对照(2.35)相比有降低趋势。土壤呼吸与5 cm土壤湿度之间呈二次方程关系,但相关性不显著(P>0.05)。研究表明,氮沉降是影响湿地松林CO2通量的一个重要因子。     

10kV配网工程三项带电作业工序的探讨

为了减少因故障停电影响客户用电,近几年在10kV配网施工中大力开展了带电作业。文从10KV施工及施工管理工作经验出发,对10KV带电施工作业的几项常见施工作业操作步骤进行整理和总结。     

不同灌水下限设施番茄土壤CO2排放特征及其影响因素研究

【目的】探讨不同灌水下限设施土壤CO2排放特征及其影响因素,为调控设施土壤水分和碳排放提供理论依据。【方法】在番茄生育期内采用LI-8100A土壤碳通量自动测定仪观测不同灌水下限[20 kPa(D20)、30 kPa(D30)、40 kPa(D40)]下的土壤CO2排放速率,并分析其影响因素。【结果】在番茄生育期内,不同灌水下限设施土壤CO2排放速率变化趋势基本一致,D20处理最高,平均速率为2.759μmol/(m2·s),其次是D30处理,为2.601μmol/(m2·s),D40处理最低,为2.559μmol/(m2·s)。在土壤CO2累积排放量方面,D20处理显著高于其他2个处理,而D30和D40处理之间无显著差异。就单因素模型而言,不同灌水下限处理的土壤CO2排放速率与15 cm土壤温度呈指数回归关系,且均达显著水平(P<0.05);不同灌水下限处理的土壤CO2排放速率与15 cm土壤含水率均呈显著二次回归关系(P<0.05);与单因素模型相比,土壤温度和土壤含水率的双因素复合模型(68.5%~83.8%)可以更好地解释土壤CO2排放的变化。土壤温度敏感系数Q10值在1.442~1.498之间,其中D20处理最敏感,D40处理最不敏感。相关分析结果表明,土壤CO2累积排放量与0~20 cm土层土壤有机质量、pH值、全氮量、速效磷量、速效钾量、碱解氮量和微生物量碳呈显著相关关系。采用PCA分析提取出的2个主成分累积贡献率为85.79%。【结论】灌水下限影响设施土壤CO2的排放,其中D20处理促进了设施土壤CO2的排放。     

2001-2017年天山中段积雪时空变异研究

【目的】为干旱区提供冰雪资源的合理利用及灾害防治的科学理论不服务信息。【斱法】采取趋势分析法、相关性分析法,开展了2001-2017年积雪年内年际变化特征以及分布变化原因斱面的研究。【结果】①天山中段SCP(积雪覆盖率)年际变化呈"单峰"型曲线,6月到最小值,12月到次年1月达到最大值,从2月开始逐渐下降到最小值;从7月初开始SCP开始逐渐上升到最大值。②天山中段年际SCP呈减少趋势、春季的SCP变化呈略微减少趋势、夏季不秋季SCP变化均呈增加趋势、冬季SCP变化趋势跟全年年际SCP变化趋势基本相似,且均呈减少趋势,最高值为98.6%,最小值出现在2009年为83.2%。③天山中段54.08%区域的SCD(积雪日数)呈减少趋势,其中4.36%区域呈显著减少趋势;45.92%区域的SCD呈增加趋势,其中3.03%区域呈显著增加趋势。④天山中段积雪不LST(地表温度)年际相关性呈负相关性比较明显,负相关占总面积的55.89%,主要分布在高海拔的天山山脉,博格达尔;34.98%区域呈极显著负相关,主要分布在伊犁河谷、天山南北坡地区不阿克苏、库尔勒、博斯腾湖流域周边。【结论】天山中段积雪时空变化丌仅是LST变化的影响,还受人类活劢和海拔高度差异等因素的共同作用。     

The effect of major dwarfing genes on yield potential in spring wheats

Summary A composite convergent cross of 16 spring wheat parents produced a set of unselected progeny lines among which the major dwarfing genes, Rht1, Rht2 and Rht3, were distributed against a common random genetic background. Random subsets of these lines were grown under irrigation and optimal conditions in 4 experiments with replicated bordered plots in southern New South Wales in order to measure the dwarfing gene effect on yield potential. The dwarfing gene composition of each line was determined by test crossing and seedling responsiveness to gibberellic acid.Lodging was negligible in the two experiments in 1982. While present in the two in 1983, it was not strongly associated with yield. Grain yield levels were appropriately high (mean 5.9 t/ha). In all but 1 experiment the Rht1+Rht2 dwarf genotypes gave highest yields while the Rht3 group yielded on average 3% lower, Rht2 9% lower, Rht1 11% lower, and the non-dwarf or tall group yielded 24% lower. These yield differences were positively associated with harvest index, kernels per m² and kernels per spike, but negatively associated with mature plant height. Even within major dwarfing gene classes, grain yield was significantly and negatively associated with height.     

Potassium dynamics in inceptisols as influenced by graded levels of potash for banana: III. Q/I relations and K kinetics

Quantity–intensity (Q/I) relationships of potassium (K) serve as a better index of K supplying power of soil. A laboratory study was carried out to study the effect of the levels of potash application to banana on Q/I relations and kinetics of potassium in soil. The activity ratio of potassium (AR^k₀), labile potassium (K_L), potassium held at nonspecific site (ΔK₀), and potassium held at specific sites (K_X) tended to increase with increasing K fertilization. As per the threshold values of free energy exchange (ΔG), the soil appeared to possess optimum amount of available K (?2500 to ?3000 cal mol^?1). Among the four equations used to describe the non-exchangeable K release in soils, the zero-order and Elovich models showed excellent linear and distinct differences with increasing time; however, the power function and parabolic models do not differentiate K release pattern at different time intervals.     

Ω涡识别方法在双进口两级中开泵中的应用

为了研究双进口两级中开泵内部流动的涡旋特性,基于SST k-ω湍流模型,采用非定常数值计算方法,通过外特性试验和GCI准则验证了数值计算方法的合理性,并引入新一代涡识别方法Omega(Ω)法,对其内流场中的涡旋结构进行分析.研究结果表明:传统的涡识别方法不能有效剔除壁面剪切层的影响,而Ω方法能将流体的剪切和纯旋转运动进行区分,获得较为清晰的泵内涡旋结构,特别是在两级叶轮中,能准确捕捉到尾迹涡的形态和分布情况;在不同工况下,将三维的Ω涡识别方法简化到二维平面后,其在反流道中的适应性更好,规避了之前许多没有形成涡旋结构而流线呈现出强扭曲的区域,同时证明了轴向涡旋在反流道中占主导地位.另外,研究过程证明了Ω方法在双进口两级中开泵这种复杂流体机械内部涡旋结构的识别中具有较大的优势,可以为该型泵进一步的设计优化提供相关理论依据.