森林火灾的危害及重要灭火手段的分析

通过列举几种当前被广泛应用的森林灭火方法,结合当今世界森林现状,从灭火原理、灭火方式上的优缺点,对以上几种常用的灭火方式进行比较,分析具体适用的火场条件及能达到的灭火效果,列举具体事例.详述现有常用的灭火方法.     

航空技术在森林灭火中的应用

我国是世界上开展森林消防较早的国家。采用航空技术灭火,具有快速降低火势、不受地形影响、优势集中的特点,在我国历次扑救森林大火中发挥了至关重要的作用。     

地面大型森林消防装备发展现状研究

地面大型森林消防装备、空中扑救装备和消防队员单兵作战构成了全方位联合作战的森林消防格局,地面大型森林消防装备作为森林消防装备的重要组成部分发挥着不可替代的作用.文章介绍了国内外防火推土机、防火犁和防火耙、清林割灌机和森林消防车4种地面大型森林消防装备的主要功用和发展现状,以期自主研发适合我国国情的地面大型森林消防装备.     

Genetic variation in different varieties of Siamese fighting fish using isoelectric focusing of sarcoplasmic proteins

Sarcoplasmic proteins of four colour varieties of Siamese fighting fish, Betta splendens Regan, were analysed by isoelectric focusing (IEF). Genetic polymorphisms were detected in six loci having isoelectric points: 4.92-5.00 (Sp-1), 5.33-5.48 (Sp-2), 5.90 (Sp-3), 6.31-6.35 (Sp-4), 6.58-6.70 (Sp-5) and 6.90 (Sp-6). For the Sp-1, Sp-2, Sp-4 and Sp-5 loci, there were two co-dominant alleles. At Sp-3 and Sp-6, one allele was dominant and the other null. Individuals within each locus were classified into phenotypes A, AB and B. Only homozygotes were found at Sp-2. Allele frequencies were calculated for each locus and tested for accordance with the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Observed values for each phenotype at Sp-1, Sp-3, Sp-4, Sp-5 and Sp-6 agreed well with the expected ones. At Sp-2, genotypic frequencies for each variety deviated markedly (p < 0.01) from the equilibrium. When tested for homogeneity, no significant differences (p 0.95) in gene frequencies were found among the varieties except at Sp-2. Band sharing index (BSI), computed using the BIO-GENE v5.04 program, revealed high intravariety genetic similarities (0.701-0.740) and slightly above-average intervariety values (0.550-0.583). In this study, we estimated the levels of genetic variability in B. splendens, and proposed a genetic model for each polymorphic locus.