犬疥（璊）副肌球蛋白抗血清的制备及临床应用

目的：利用现代分子生物学方法,建立一种准确率更高的犬疥（璊）病的诊断方法,为犬疥（璊）病的治疗提供诊断基础.方法：收集犬疥（璊）,抽提总RNA并将其反转录为cDNA;以该cDNA为模板,参考其它哺乳动物副肌球蛋白的基因序列特征,设计引物扩增含有多个抗原表位的犬副肌球蛋白的部分cDNA序列;构建原核表达载体,表达及纯化目的蛋白片段;以纯化的目的蛋白片段为抗原,免疫BALB/c小鼠制备抗血清;以制备的抗血清为一抗,通过间接ELISA法测定患病犬痂皮组织中疥（璊）副肌球蛋白片段的存在,进而判断是否有疥（璊）感染.结果：成功构建了副肌球蛋白的原核表达载体,命名为pET28a-Para-202;通过诱导、纯化获得了重组蛋白;该重组蛋白抗原免疫小鼠后获得高效价的抗血清;以该抗血清为工具,通过间接ELISA法极大提高了犬疥（璊）感染的诊断率,为该病治疗提供了重要的参考依据.     

Influence of general anaesthesia on the intravenous acetaminophen pharmacokinetics in Beagle dogs

ObjectiveTo determine if general anaesthesia influences the intravenous (IV) pharmacokinetics (PK) of acetaminophen in dogs.Study designProspective, crossover, randomized experimental study.AnimalsA group of nine healthy Beagle dogs.MethodsAcetaminophen PK were determined in conscious and anaesthetized dogs on two separate occasions. Blood samples were collected before, and at 5, 10, 15, 30, 45, 60 and 90 minutes and 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12 and 24 hours after 20 mg kg^–1 IV acetaminophen administration. Haematocrit, total proteins, albumin, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, urea and creatinine were determined at baseline and 24 hours after acetaminophen. The anaesthetized group underwent general anaesthesia (90 minutes) for dental cleaning. After the administration of dexmedetomidine (3 μg kg^–1) intramuscularly, anaesthesia was induced with propofol (2–3 mg kg^–1) IV, followed by acetaminophen administration. Anaesthesia was maintained with isoflurane in 50% oxygen (Fe′Iso 1.3–1.5%). Dogs were mechanically ventilated. Plasma concentrations were analysed with high-performance liquid chromatography. PK analysis was undertaken using compartmental modelling. A Wilcoxon test was used to compare PK data between groups, and clinical laboratory values between groups, and before versus 24 hours after acetaminophen administration. Data are presented as median and range (p < 0.05).ResultsA two-compartmental model best described time–concentration profiles of acetaminophen. No significant differences were found for volume of distribution values 1.41 (0.94–3.65) and 1.72 (0.89–2.60) L kg^–1, clearance values 1.52 (0.71–2.30) and 1.60 (0.91–1.78) L kg^–1 hour^–1 or terminal elimination half-life values 2.45 (1.45–8.71) and 3.57 (1.96–6.35) hours between conscious and anaesthetized dogs, respectively. Clinical laboratory variables were within normal range. No adverse effects were recorded.Conclusions and clinical relevanceIV acetaminophen PK in healthy Beagle dogs were unaffected by general anaesthesia under the study conditions. Further studies are necessary to evaluate the PK in different clinical contexts.     

生猪猪丹毒病临床诊断与防治

为加强猪丹毒病科学防治、促进生猪科学健康养殖,该文就猪丹毒病的流行特点、临床症状及病理变化进行具体介绍,提出有效的预防及治疗措施。     

鸡禽霍乱疾病流行病学特点及防控措施

鸡养殖中禽霍乱疾病的出现主要是由于多杀性巴氏杆菌感染的一种传染性疾病,主要会导致鸡只出现急性败血症和机体炎症反应等,慢性型感染会导致鸡只出现皮下及机体内脏器官、关节等的化脓性炎症反应。禽霍乱疾病在鸡养殖全年均会出现,尤其是在气温变化较大的时期疾病爆发的可能性更高。禽霍乱疾病在急性爆发的情况下病死率相对较高,同时短期内即会出现死亡的情况,难以进行有效的治疗,易导致鸡养殖户出现严重的经济损失。该文主要对鸡禽霍乱疾病的流行病学特点、临床症状及相关的防治措施进行论述。     

补肾活血汤联合唑来膦酸治疗乳腺癌骨转移的临床研究

目的 观察补肾活血汤联合唑来膦酸治疗乳腺癌骨转移的临床疗效。方法 将乳腺癌骨转移患者46例随机分为观察组及对照组各23例,观察组给予补肾活血汤联合唑来膦酸治疗,对照组单用唑来膦酸治疗, 1个月为1 疗程,共治疗4个疗程。观察比较治疗后两组患者的骨质修复疗效及疼痛评分（NRS评分）、Karnofsky评分变化。结果 观察组骨质修复总有效率为86.9%,对照组为60.9%,两组差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;观察组NRS评分及Karnofsky评分改善均优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 补肾活血汤联合唑来膦酸治疗乳腺癌骨转移在骨质修复及减轻患者疼痛方面优于单用唑来膦酸,同时在提高患者生存质量方面具有一定优势。     

Long-term consumption of beef extended with soy protein by men,women and children: II. Effects on iron status

The iron status of men, women and children consuming beef extended with soy protein was evaluated by measuring serum ferritin and clinical parameters of iron status during a six-month study. Fifty-two families (245 participants) were randomly assigned to consume, for 180 days, 1 of 7 beef products: all beef, beef extended with either soy isolate, soy concentrate or soy flour (20% reconstituted soy product, 80% beef), or beef extended with each of the three soy products fortified with 60 mg Fe and 25 mg Zn/100 g protein. The beef product was consumed by the subjects as their principal source of protein for 1 meal a day (children 1–18 yr) or 1–2 meals a day (11 per week; adult men and women). A control group consumed their usual self-selected diets. No evidence was found that consumption of beef extended with soy protein deleteriously affected the iron status of men, women or children. Consumption of beef extended with soy protein, at the levels used in this study, by military men and women and by school lunch participants would not appear to impose a risk in these population groups.     

Marine-Sourced Anti-Cancer and Cancer Pain Control Agents in Clinical and Late Preclinical Development ?

The marine habitat has produced a significant number of very potent marine-derived agents that have the potential to inhibit the growth of human tumor cells in vitro and, in a number of cases, in both in vivo murine models and in humans. Although many agents have entered clinical trials in cancer, to date, only Cytarabine, Yondelis^® (ET743), Eribulin (a synthetic derivative based on the structure of halichondrin B), and the dolastatin 10 derivative, monomethylauristatin E (MMAE or vedotin) as a warhead, have been approved for use in humans (Adcetris^®). In this review, we show the compounds derived from marine sources that are currently in clinical trials against cancer. We have included brief discussions of the approved agents, where they are in trials to extend their initial approved activity (a common practice once an agent is approved), and have also included an extensive discussion of the use of auristatin derivatives as warheads, plus an area that has rarely been covered, the use of marine-derived agents to ameliorate the pain from cancers in humans, and to act as an adjuvant in immunological therapies.