高校图书馆的发展与管理

高校图书馆能否与时俱进同高校的发展相适应,关键在于高校图书馆资源的开发与管理。而高校图书馆的发展与管理最重要的因素无外乎是人力资源的开发与管理。     

甲胺磷预处理小菜蛾对菜蛾绒茧蜂的影响

分别在菜蛾绒茧蜂处于卵期、早期幼虫和中期幼虫时,饲喂小菜蛾2龄幼虫亚致死剂量甲胺磷,研究甲胺磷处理对寄主体内菜蛾绒茧蜂结茧率和羽化率的影响.试验表明,经亚致死剂量甲胺磷处理后,菜蛾绒茧蜂的结茧率和羽化率与对照相比均显著降低.在菜蛾绒茧蜂处于卵期时饲喂寄主幼虫,菜蛾绒茧蜂的结茧率和羽化率分别下降59.1%和32.5%;在菜蛾绒茧蜂处于早期幼虫时饲喂寄主幼虫,菜蛾绒茧蜂的结茧率和羽化率分别下降40.5%和32.8%;而在菜蛾绒茧蜂处于中期幼虫时饲喂寄主幼虫,菜蛾绒茧蜂的结茧率和羽化率分别下降18.2%和37.2%.结果表明,在绒茧蜂处于不同发育阶段时,饲喂小菜蛾幼虫甲胺磷对菜蛾绒茧蜂结茧率的影响较大,但对羽化率的影响不大.     

牛病毒性腹泻-粘膜病病毒地方株动物回归试验

【目的】自流产奶牛粪便及血液中分离得到的非细胞病变型牛病毒性腹泻-粘膜病病毒(BVDV),为了解分离毒株的特性,进行回归动物试验;【方法】将此分离毒回归2月龄健康犊牛,接毒25天后扑杀剖检,观察临床症状及病理变化。自犊牛体内采取脾、骨髓、肠淋巴结及血液接种MDBK细胞进行培养,分离病毒,进行细胞传代,将此细胞毒进行RT-PCR检测;【结果】犊牛表现为典型的急性病毒性腹泻症状和病变。自病料分离病毒经MDBK细胞盲传至第9代,均未出现细胞病变。将此细胞毒进行RT-PCR检测,扩增出相应的665bp的片段;【结论】将分离株接种易感犊牛以复制出BVD-MD病症,并从试验牛体内分离得到BVDV,从而进一步确证分离到的毒株属BVDV。     

牛病毒性腹泻病毒石河子株E2基因的克隆及其表达载体的构建

应用RT-PCR方法从牛病毒性腹泻病毒(BVDV)新疆石河子分离株中扩增了E2基因,命名Shihezi 148(GenBank登录号:EU159699),扩增序列分析结果表明:Shihezi 148 E2基因长度为1121 bp,编码373个氨基酸残基;同源性分析表明,Shihezi 148与澳大利亚Bega株E2基因核苷酸同源性为88.32%,与中国changchun 184株的同源性为74.42%;通过基因重组技术构建了去除C端跨膜区的截短E2基因的原核表达载体pProEX HTa-E2和包括信号肽和全长E2蛋白的真核重组质粒pVAX1-E2。经过PCR、酶切及测序结果表明pProEX HTa-E2和pVAX1-E2重组表达载体构建成功。     

旱雀麦秋季药剂茎叶处理防效试验

70%彪虎水分散粒剂3～4g/667m2,用药量对水30L/667m2,在秋季小麦播种后旱雀麦杂草3～4叶期进行茎叶喷雾处理,对小麦安全,杂草防除效果达90.00%以上,与对照比增产效果达70.00%以上。     

Serologic and molecular survey for major viral pathogens in grazing hybrid wild boars in Northeast China

Hybrid wild boar husbandry is an important component of livestock production in Northeast China. However, the current disease situation of these animals is largely unknown due to a lack of disease surveillance. The present study was conducted to determine the prevalence of several important viral diseases in the hybrid wild boar population of Northeast China. Between September 2015 to December 2016, 169 blood and 61 tissue samples were collected from apparently healthy hybrid wild boars from farms in Jilin, Inner Mongolia and Heilongjiang provinces. ELISA detected serum antibodies against classical swine fever virus(CSFV), porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus(PRRSV), pseudorabies virus(PRV), porcine circovirus type 2(PCV2) and Japanese encephalitis virus(JEV), but not against African swine fever virus(ASFV), with PCV2 having the highest seropositive rate(87.2–100% in different farms). RT-PCR or PCR performed on the processed samples detected only PCV2, with 33.1%(56/169) of blood samples and 32.8%(20/61) of spleen samples being positive, respectively, indicating widespread PCV2 infection in hybrid wild boars. Phylogenetic analysis of 15 PCV2 ORF2 sequences showed that they belong to genotypes PCV2a, PCV2b and PCV2d, with nucleotide and deduced amino acid homologies of 88.5–100% and 88.1–100%, respectively.     

牛病毒性腹泻病活疫苗BVDV2/JZ05-1株毒力返强试验

研究了BVDV2/JZ05-1株免疫犊牛后是否会出现毒力返强现象.以病毒含量为10-7.26 TCID50/mL的BVDV2/JZ05-1活疫苗滴鼻免疫犊牛(4mL/头),通过疫苗回滴,连续临床观察,采集抗凝血和鼻拭子,对淋巴细胞数量变化进行分析,并从淋巴细胞和鼻拭子中分离病毒.结果表明,BVDV活疫苗BVDV2/JZ05-1株免疫犊牛没有出现BVDV感染的临床症状,淋巴细胞数量正常,鼻拭子和淋巴细胞病毒分离阴性.可见,该毒株对犊牛免疫没有出现毒力返强的现象.     

病毒杀虫剂在我国无公害茶园防治中的应用现状与展望

茶叶作为一种食品，其安全问题受到越来越高的关注。病毒杀虫剂具有专一性强、安全性高、持效作用长、能有效地控制害虫种群密度等特点，成为生物防治的研究热点。现就病毒杀虫剂在我国无公害茶园中的应用现状进行综述，并展望未来发展趋势。     

Pharmacokinetics of Enrofloxacin and Its Metabolite Ciprofloxacin after Intramuscular Administration of Enrofloxacin in Goats

The pharmacokinetics of enrofloxacin and its active metabolite ciprofloxacin were investigated in goats after a single intramuscular administration of enrofloxacin at 2.5 mg/kg body weight. The plasma concentrations of enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin were determined simultaneously by a HPLC method. The peak concentrations (C _max) of enrofloxacin (1.13 g/ml) and ciprofloxacin (0.24 g/ml) were observed at 0.8 and 1.2 h, respectively. The elimination half-life (t _1/2), volume of distribution (V _d(area)), total body clearance (Cl_B) and mean residence time (MRT) of enrofloxacin were 0.74 h, 1.42 L/kg, 1329 ml/h per kg and 1.54 h, respectively. The t _1/2, area under the plasma concentration–time curve (AUC) and the MRT of ciprofloxacin were 1.38 h, 0.74 g h/ml and 2.73 h, respectively. The metabolic conversion of enrofloxacin to ciprofloxacin was appreciable (36%) and the sum of the plasma concentrations of enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin was maintained at or above 0.1 g/ml for up to 4 h. Enrofloxacin appears to be useful for the treatment of goat diseases associated with pathogens sensitive to this drug.     

Genetic diversity and mixed infections of begomoviruses infecting tomato, pepper and cucurbit crops in Nicaragua

Begomoviruses were detected in Nicaraguan fields of tomato ( Lycopersicon esculentum ) and adjacently growing plants of pepper ( Capsicum annuum ), chilli pepper ( C . baccatum ), cushaw ( Cucurbita argyrosperma ) and Mexican fireplant ( Euphorbia heterophylla ) using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and universal begomovirus primers. All tomato and Mexican fireplant plants showing symptoms were infected with begomoviruses, while only 30–46% of the pepper, chilli pepper and cushaw plants showing symptoms tested virus-positive. No begomoviruses were found in potato. The virus species were provisionally identified by sequencing 533 bp of the viral coat protein gene ( AV1 ). Tomato severe leaf curl virus (ToSLCV), Tomato leaf curl Sinaloa virus (ToLCSinV) and Pepper golden mosaic virus (PepGMV) were found to infect both tomato and pepper. A new provisional species designated Tomato leaf curl Las Playitas virus (ToLCLPV) was detected in a tomato plant. Squash yellow mottle virus (SYMoV) and PepGMV were found in cucurbits, the latter for the first time in this host. Euphorbia mosaic virus (EuMV) was detected in Mexican fireplant. Sequencing of a larger number of PCR-amplified clones from selected plants revealed intraspecific viral sequence variability, and also multiple begomovirus infections which could represent up to three species in a single tomato or cushaw plant. Phylogenetic grouping of virus sequences did not correlate with the host of origin.