Annexin A2基因敲除MDCK细胞系的构建

应用Crispr/Cas9基因编辑技术敲除MDCK细胞中的Annexin A2基因,并验证其是否为ε毒素在MDCK细胞表面的受体。根据Crispr/Cas9靶点设计原则设计靶点,构建PALentiCRISPR v2重组质粒。借助Crispr/Cas9技术,将构建好的质粒转染至MDCK细胞中,用嘌呤霉素筛选敲除Annexin A2蛋白的MDCK细胞株,并通过测序和Western blot验证敲除效果。通过细胞毒性试验验证MDCK细胞膜表面的Annexin A2蛋白是否为ε毒素的受体蛋白。测序结果和Western blot结果表明,通过Crispr/Cas9技术成功敲除了MDCK细胞的Annexin A2基因,但细胞毒性试验结果表明,敲除Annexin A2基因并不能减弱ε毒素对MDCK细胞的毒性。结果表明,Annexin A2蛋白不是ε毒素在MDCK细胞表面的受体,研究结果为今后MDCK细胞其他蛋白的敲除提供了试验方法,构建的Annexin A2基因敲除的MDCK细胞也为Annexin A2蛋白引起的其他疾病的研究奠定了基础。     

四倍体甜瓜花粉母细胞减数分裂的观察

以同源四倍体甜瓜为材料,采用常规压片法研究花粉母细胞减数分裂行为。结果表明:同源四倍体甜瓜花粉母细胞减数分裂过程与二倍体类似,但有其特殊性。主要表现在:粗线期观察到有6.7%的细胞出现双核;终变期的四倍体染色体构型较复杂,有二价体、多价体、三价体和单价体;中期I和中期II有赤道板外染色体;后期I和后期II出现染色体桥和落后染色体;四分体时期出现二分体、三分体和多分体。花粉母细胞减数分裂的异常是同源四倍体甜瓜育性低的细胞学原因。     

濒危植物四合木（Tetraena mongolica Maxim.）悬浮培养下体细胞胚胎发生

将四合木（Tetraena mongolica Maxim)外植体诱导产生的愈伤组织进行细胞悬浮培养。 通过实验在MS培养基附加2，4－D0．1mg/L,6-BA0.25mg/L，水解酪蛋白500mgL的液体培养基中培养，经120－150r/min摇床振荡分散建立细胞悬浮系，直到体细胞胚胎产生后转至无激素的固体培养基中产生再生植株。结果表明：四合木悬浮培养条件下可以得到胚状体，并形成试管苗。     

酵母SOD1基因缺失突变体应答真菌细胞壁抑制剂CFW的转录组学分析

以酿酒酵母为研究材料,采用酵母全基因组表达谱芯片,分析超氧化物歧化酶SOD1基因缺失(sod1Δ)对酵母细胞应答真菌细胞壁抑制剂钙荧光白(CFW)全基因组转录表达谱的影响,为揭示植物病原真菌细胞壁调控机制以及植物抗真菌基因工程改造提供新的理论基础。结果表明:CFW(10μg/m L)处理1 h后,与野生型酵母细胞相比,sod1Δ酵母细胞中211个基因发生了显著差异表达(97个基因表达上调、114个基因表达下调)。随机选取5个差异表达基因采用定量PCR验证,结果与芯片分析结果一致。差异表达基因功能主要涉及细胞壁、细胞代谢、蛋白质合成、细胞防御以及大量功能未知蛋白。以上结果表明,SOD1基因缺失可显著改变酵母细胞应答真菌细胞壁抑制剂CFW胁迫的全基因组转录表达谱。     

植物扩展蛋白基因的研究进展

扩展蛋白基因(expansin genes)是一个相对保守的基因家族,由α、β、γ和δ4个亚家族组成。作为植物细胞壁的重要组成部分,扩展蛋白以酶催化的作用方式,使细胞壁组分间疏松,细胞伸展,细胞的柔韧性增强,以此缓解各种环境因子对细胞的压力。目前研究发现:扩展蛋白参与了植物生长发育过程中的许多环节,如种子萌发、根毛的起始和延长、叶子生长发育、叶柄脱落、花粉管延长、果实成熟等。同时,扩展蛋白还参与了抗旱、抗病、耐高温等诸多抗逆性反应。扩展蛋白基因多属于诱导表达,易受激素、温度、干旱、病原菌、机械损伤等各种内外界环境因素的影响。     

喷施多效唑对盐胁迫下紫羊茅脯氨酸含量和膜透性的影响

本文采用50 mg·L^-1、100 mg·L^-1和200 mg·L^-1等3种浓度的多效唑喷施1%盐胁迫下的冷季型草坪草紫羊茅（Featua fubraL.）,以电导法测定叶片膜透性、茚三酮比色法测定叶片脯氨酸含量,探讨多效唑提高紫羊茅耐盐胁迫能力的效果。结果表明：只有50 mg·L^1浓度的多效唑可以使紫羊茅的脯氨酸含量极显著增高,但对膜透性的影响表现出随多效唑浓度增高膜透性也增高。     

不同激素对甘薯胚性细胞悬浮系植株再生的影响

以甘薯品种济薯21和徐薯18的茎尖为材料,采用不同激素配比,对甘薯胚性愈伤组织的诱导及高效植株再生进行了研究。结果表明,济薯21和徐薯18较适宜的茎尖胚性愈伤组织诱导培养基分别为MS+0.5 mg/L 6-BA+2.2 g/L KC l+2.0 mg/L 2,4-D和MS+2.0 mg/L 2,4-D;济薯21胚性细胞团在MS+1.0 mg/L ABA+1.0 mg/L GA3培养基上植株再生率最高,达到96%,徐薯18胚性细胞团在MS+1.0 mg/LABA培养基上的植株再生率最高,达到91%。     

猪子宫内膜基质细胞和腺上皮细胞的分离培养

为了获得高纯度的猪子宫内膜基质细胞和腺上皮细胞,对猪子宫内膜进行胶原酶消化,分离基质细胞和腺上皮细胞进行体外培养,研究其生长特性.结果表明:猪子宫内膜组织在37℃、通过1 g/L胶原酶Ⅰ消化90 min可以获得游离的腺体,对腺体进行培养时上皮细胞比例可达70％以上.培养过程中采用差速消化和差速贴壁可以成功分离腺上皮细胞和基质细胞.基质细胞最适贴壁时间为25 min,腺上皮为3h.纯化的基质细胞生长迅速,可传5代以上,上皮细胞生长缓慢,并且成片脱落.     

Effect of cell mediated immunity regulation of duck enhanced by duck IFN-α eukaryon expression plasmid and inoculated with DPV attenuated vaccine by gene-gun

In order to study the effect of cell mediated immunity regulation of duck IFN-α eukaryon expression plasmid (pcDNA-SDIFN-α) on duck plague virus (DPV) attenuated vaccine in ducks, pcDNA-SDIFN-α was administered to 28-day-old ducks at doses of 1, 3 and 6 μg per duck, respectively, by gene-gun. PBS and empty vector pcDNA were used as control. Fifteen days later, all ducks were injected with DPV attenuated vaccine and blood samples were collected at 3, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 49, 63 and 84 days after injection. T-lymphocyte proliferation tests (MTT) were used to detect the T-lymphocyte proliferation in the peripheral blood (PBL) of ducks. Blood samples collected at 7, 14, 21, 28, 35 and 49 days after injection were detected by fluorescence-activated cell sorter (FACS) for recording the number of CD₃ ⁺ T-lymphocytes of ducks. Results were as follows: (1) Reaction of T-lymphocytes in PBL to ConA (OD value) of ducks treated with pcDNA-SDIFN-α was higher than that of PBS and pcDNA control groups in 3–84 days. There were highly significant differences between the 1 μg per duck group and the two control groups in 3–84 days (P ⩽ (0.01), between the 3 μg per duck group and the two control groups in 3–84 days (P ⩽ 0.01, P ⩽ 0.05), and between the 6 μg per duck group and the two control groups in 7–49 days (P ⩽ 0.01, P ⩽ 0.05). The significant difference was also present between the groups of 1, 3 and 6 μg per duck in 3–35 days (P ⩽ 0.05). However, there was no significant difference between the 3 and 6 μg per duck groups (P ⩾ 0.05). The pcDNA control group was higher than PBS control group, but no difference was detected (P ⩾ 0.05). (2) Change of the number of CD₃ ⁺ T-lymphocytes in ducks administered with different doses of pcDNA-SDIFN-α was higher than that of PBS and pcDNA control groups in 7–49 days. The change in the 1 μg per duck group was significantly higher than that in PBS and pcDNA control groups in 14–49 days (P ⩽ 0.01). There were significant differences between the 3 μg per duck group and the two control groups in 21–49 days (P ⩽ 0.01, P ⩽ 0.05) and between the 6 μg per duck group and the two control groups in 7–49 days (P ⩽ 0.01, P ⩽ 0.05). However, no significant differences among the groups of 1, 3, and 6 μg per duck groups (P ⩾ 0.05) and between the two control groups (P ⩾ 0.05) were found. The results indicated that pcDNA-SDIFN-α administered 15 days before injection of DPV-attenuated vaccine could significantly enhance cellular immunity induced by DPV-attenuated vaccine. pcDNA-SDIFN-α is an excellent DPV-attenuated vaccine molecular adjuvant and the best result can be obtained with the dose of 1 μg per duck of pcDNA-SDIFN-α inoculated by gene-gun. __________ Translated from Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2007, 38 (10): 1066–1071 [译自: 畜牧兽医学报]     

南方红豆衫细胞体系建立的优化

[目的]优化南方红豆杉愈伤组织诱导及训化条件。[方法]以南方红豆杉幼芽、幼茎以及幼叶为外植体,比较不同外植体诱导愈伤组织的效率,并对愈伤组织的增殖条件及悬浮细胞培养条件进行了研究。[结果]以幼芽作为外植体的诱导效果最佳;南方红豆杉外植体消毒的最佳方法为链霉素浸泡2 h＋洗洁精浸泡3 h＋75%酒精消毒30 s＋10%次氯酸钠浸泡25 min＋1‰氯化汞10 min;愈伤继代的最佳配方为B5＋4.0 mg/LNAA＋0.5 mg/L2.4-D＋0.2 mg/LGA＋0.5 mg/L6-BA＋2 g/L活性碳。[结论]该研究建立了南方红豆杉的高效再生体系。