紫杉醇卡铂化疗联合放射治疗局部晚期非小细胞肺癌临床观察

目的：观察紫杉醇卡铂化疗联合放射治疗局部晚期非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)的近期疗效及毒副反应。方法：32例局部晚期NSCLC患者，采用紫杉醇加卡铂联合化疗(紫杉醇135mg／m^2，静滴，第1天；卡铂300mg／m^2,静滴，第2天，每21天为l周期，共2—3周期)，并与放射治疗(常规分割，DT62—68Gy／3l一34次)交替进行(夹心疗法)。结果：全组CR2例，PRl6例，总有效率(CR PR)56．3％．无严重毒副反应。平均生存期14．5月。结论：紫杉醇卡铂化疗联合放射治疗局部晚期NSCLC能提高近期疗效，远处转移有降低趋势．且毒副作用可耐受，值得临床进一步观察研究。     

Phase I clinical trial of oral rosiglitazone in combination with intravenous carboplatin in cancer‐bearing dogs

Rosiglitazone is an FDA‐approved peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) agonist and antidiabetic agent in humans that has been investigated for its ability to reduce tumor cell growth. The purpose of this study was to determine the maximally tolerated dose, peak plasma concentrations and side effect profile of oral rosiglitazone when combined with carboplatin in dogs with cancer. Rosiglitazone was administered at 6 and 8 mg/m² to seven dogs. Carboplatin was administered at 240–300 mg/m² in combination with rosiglitazone. For toxicity evaluation, the toxicity data for the seven dogs in this study were combined with the toxicity data from three dogs previously reported in a methodology study. Peak plasma rosiglitazone concentrations varied with dose. The dose‐limiting toxicity was hepatic at a dose of 8 mg/m². Three dogs had mild to moderate alanine aminotransferase elevations but no changes in total bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, blood glucose or γ‐glutamyltranspeptidase values were noted.     

化疗合并高压氧治疗中晚期非小细胞肺癌的临床研究

目的 :寻找治疗中晚期非小细胞肺癌具有高效、低毒的方案。方法 :采用随机分组和应用NC方案 (包括国产长春瑞滨、卡铂 )及NC方案合并高压氧治疗中晚期非小细胞肺癌 3 2例 ;按全国抗肿瘤药物疗效评定标准进行评价。同时对全部病例治疗前后静脉取血进行红细胞免疫功能测定。结果 :采用NC方案合并高压氧治疗组有效率 ( 68.75 %)虽高于单用NC方案组 ( 4 3 .75 %) ,但无明显差异 (P >0 .0 5 ) ;NC方案合并高压氧治疗后红细胞免疫功能无明显变化 (P >0 .0 5 ) ,而单纯NC方案治疗后红细胞免疫功能低于治疗前 (P <0 .0 0 1)。结论 :NC方案合并高压氧治疗中晚期非小细胞肺癌疗效虽比单纯NC方案高 ,但无明显差异 ;然而 ,高压氧能减少NC方案的不良反应和免疫抑制 ,提高患者的红细胞免疫功能 ,值临床推广应用     

新型流化床生物滤器处理海水养殖废水性能研究

为提升流化床生物滤器的水处理性能,优化滤器的工艺运行参数,研制了新型流化床生物滤器,并以玻璃珠为填料,将该生物滤器应用于斑石鲷循环水养殖系统,探讨了其对养殖水体中营养盐和有机物的去除效果。结果表明：新型流化床生物滤器实现了床层高度的稳定,避免了滤料的流失,优化了滤器内部的流态。在海水养殖工况下,新型流化床生物滤器经过一个月的自然挂膜,可实现滤器的成功启动。通过扫描电镜观察,挂膜前后生物膜载体表面发生了显著的变化。流化床生物滤器的硝化作用主要发生于床层的底部,表层对其贡献率不显著。在稳定工况下,新型流化床生物滤器对TAN、NO2--N、BOD5和SS 的去除率分别达到了(48.7±5.23)%、(64.28±9.88)%、(59.19±4.98)%和(40.06±10.21)%,对TAN的平均去除负荷达到了(245.2±50.5) g/(m3 ·d)。本生物滤器硝化性能及稳定性优于常规生物滤器,可为该滤器在循环水养殖系统中的高效运行和应用提供一定的技术支撑。     

Malignant melanoma of the third eyelid in a horse

An 8‐year‐old grey Quarter Horse gelding was referred for evaluation of a rapidly growing mass associated with the third eyelid of the left eye. A pigmented mass of approximately 2 cm in diameter was palpated and visualised associated with the conjunctival lining of the nictitans. It was not possible to palpate normal nictitans deep to the base of the mass. A full dermatological examination revealed no other melanomas in common sites. Based on the size and rapid growth of the mass, surgical excision and one application of local chemotherapy was performed under general anaesthesia. Histopathology confirmed the diagnosis of malignant melanoma and the presence of clean surgical margins. There was no recurrence at 5 weeks post surgery. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a primary malignant melanoma of the third eyelid in a horse.     

Adjuvant therapy with carboplatin and pamidronate for canine appendicular osteosarcoma

Amputation and chemotherapy are the mainstay of treatment for canine appendicular osteosarcoma (OSA). In vitro studies have demonstrated anti‐tumour activity of pamidronate against canine OSA. The purpose of this study was to assess the safety of adding pamidronate to standard post‐operative carboplatin chemotherapy in 17 dogs with appendicular OSA treated with limb amputation. Median disease‐free interval (DFI) and median survival time (MST) were evaluated as secondary endpoints. Incidence of side effects and treatment outcomes were compared to 14 contemporary control patients treated with carboplatin alone. There were no identified side effects to the pamidronate treatment. The median DFI for the study group was 185 days compared to 172 days for the control group (P = 0.90). The MST of the study group was 311 days compared to 294 days for the control group (P = 0.89). Addition of pamidronate to carboplatin chemotherapy for the treatment of canine appendicular OSA is safe and does not impair efficacy of standard carboplatin treatment.     

日本蟳微卫星富集文库的建立与多态性标记的筛选

采用磁珠富集法筛选日本蟳微卫星分子标记。日本蟳基因组DNA经Sau3 AⅠ酶切后,收集400~1 200 bp大小的片段并纯化,利用生物素标记的寡核苷酸探针(AC)¹⁵从中筛选出含有微卫星序列的DNA片段,连接到pMD18-T载体中,构建富集微卫星序列的基因组文库,经PCR检测筛选出阳性克隆进行测序。从随机挑选的970个菌落中筛选出369个阳性克隆进行测序,结果86.99%(321个)含有微卫星序列,其中完美型占80.54%,非完美型占15.95%,混合型占4.28%。除使用的探针AC重复外,还得到GA、CT等重复序列。共设计出102对微卫星引物,其中65对能扩增出清晰条带,27对具有多态性。同时筛选出的微卫星标记可为今后研究日本蟳的分子遗传育种提供有效的遗传标记。     

脊尾白虾微卫星富集文库的构建与多态性标记的筛选

采用人工合成的生物素标记(AG)15探针及磁珠富集法构建了脊尾白虾基因组微卫星富集文库.将脊尾白虾基因组DNA经HaeⅢ酶切后,收集400 ～1 200 bp片段,连接特定接头,与生物素标记(AG)15探针杂交并捕获含有微卫星的DNA片段,然后连接到pMD18-T载体中,构建脊尾白虾微卫星富集文库.随机挑取947个克隆,经菌落PCR检验,其中667个为阳性克隆.从阳性克隆中随机选取184个克隆进行测序,有150个克隆含有微卫星序列,共获得199个微卫星序列,其中完美型158个(79.4％),非完美型27个(13.6％),复合型14个(7.0％).根据微卫星序列,设计了119对微卫星引物,64对扩增出稳定的具有特异性的条带,经30个脊尾白虾个体进行多样性评价后,有26个位点表现出多态性.26个微卫星位点获得的等位基因数从3 ～ 16个不等,平均每个位点扩增得到6.5个等位基因.观测杂合度(Ho)、期望杂合度(4)及多态性信息含量值(PIC)的范围分别为0.111 ～ 0.929、0.246 ～0.932、0.231 ～0.909.本研究开发的微卫星位点将为脊尾白虾种群多样性研究、家系识别和种质鉴定提供有效的工具.     

Delivering oxytetracycline to first-feeding zebrafish, Danio rerio (Hamilton), and goby, Asterropteryx semipunctata Rüppell, larvae using lipid spray beads

Lipid spray beads (LSB) were evaluated for delivery of the low-molecular weight, water-soluble antibiotic, oxytetracycline·HCl (OTC) to fish larvae. Various OTC core-to-lipid ratios and OTC core concentrations were evaluated to maximize OTC delivery efficiency by LSB. Acceptability and digestion of LSB containing OTC and riboflavin by larval zebrafish, Danio rerio (Hamilton), and larval gobies, Asterropteryx semipunctata Rüppell, were also evaluated. Increasing LSB core-to-lipid ratios from 1:3 to 1:1 v/v resulted in an increase in encapsulation efficiency (EE) from 2.33 to 3.68% w/w. Increasing OTC concentrations of core solutions from 0.1 to 0.5 g OTC mL⁻¹ increased EE from 3.95 to 18.77% w/w, respectively. Although retention efficiency (RE) was unaffected by this increase, delivery efficiency was increased to 7.9 ± 0.7% w/w, after correcting for leakage losses because of the suspension of beads in water for 60 min. Consumption of LSB containing OTC by first-feeding zebrafish and goby larvae was confirmed by analysis of feeding incidence and gut fullness. Visual observations of larvae fed on LSB containing riboflavin indicated that larvae of both species digested LSB. Zebrafish larvae fed on OTC LSB contained 39.3 ± 2.5 ng OTC after purging LSB from their guts. Use of LSB provides an effective means of delivering therapeutics to fish larvae and could greatly reduce required doses compared with current methods of immersing larvae in solutions of therapeutic agents.     

剪切力对链霉菌谷氨酰胺转胺酶发酵的影响

考察了以摇瓶发酵过程中添加玻珠为剪切力,对链霉菌(Streptomyces sp.)HS-1发酵生产谷氨酰胺转胺酶的影响,在10 L发酵罐上不同搅拌转速对产酶的影响。结果显示,摇瓶发酵中,在种子阶段添加玻珠,提高剪切力不能促进产酶;在发酵阶段,加入4颗玻珠时,酶活相对最高,比对照增加20%;36 h时添加玻珠,与对照相比,酶活提高12%,菌体浓度增加40%,且氨基氮消耗明显。10 L发酵罐中,适宜的搅拌转速为250 r/min,36 h调整转速至250r/min,酶活比维持90 r/min提高21%。因此剪切力对谷氨酰胺转胺酶发酵有明显影响。