The impact of modernization on hunting ethics: Emerging taboos among contemporary Swedish hunters

This study examines how processes of modernization affect hunting ethics, including commodification, cosmopolitanism, demographic shifts, technological innovation, and invasive species. The impact of such change processes has been documented in indigenous hunting societies, but not in postindustrial Western hunting communities. Instead, wildlife ethics are often seen as a private matter or a static inheritance from past generations, and not as researchable from a perspective of change. The underexposure of research on ethics in this context is explained as taking place within a framework of ethical subjectivism to the detriment of opening up ethics to a needed conversation as the context for hunting changes in modernity. This study uncovers the hunting ethics of contemporary Swedish hunters in response to modernization and reveals new lines of moral demarcation and emerging taboos for right and wrong hunting. It concludes by considering the virtue of hunting taboos for wildlife conservation.     

Surface Breaking Behaviour in a Population of Captive Rays Raja: The Expression of a Need to Forage?

Observations were made of the surface breaking behaviour of a population of captive rays Raja. The behaviour was found to have a temporal link with a scheduled feeding event, and to be most common in animals assumed to be hungry. It is suggested that the behaviour is appetitive and is a method of foraging appropriate to the captive situation. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Glochidial infestation of fish by the endangered thick‐shelled river mussel Unio crassus

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多维视角下的水生野生动物保护与利用探析

近期暴发的新冠肺炎使人们谈食色变,针对水生野生动物的保护与利用问题备受社会各界人士的关注。水生野生动物作为一种宝贵的自然资源同时也是生态系统中的重要组成部分,其价值不仅体现在维持生态平衡上,也体现在满足人类养殖开发与利用上。水生野生动物在实现社会经济可持续发展,改善和丰富人民的物质和文化生活中具有不可代替的重要位置。但是,在针对水生野生动物保护与利用之间是存在矛盾的。本文从水生野生动物保护与养殖利用的关系等方面进行阐述,并从水生野生动物野外资源保护和规范水生动物的繁殖与利用等方面进行展望。呼吁社会积极鼓励和宣传水生野生动物合理的驯养繁殖及加工利用事业,引导消费者正确食用安全的驯养产品,进而实现扩大、改善水生野生动物生存空间和环境,实现水生野生动物种群规模不断发展壮大,最终实现水生野生动物资源的可持续性与合理的永续利用。     

Occurrence patterns of African manatees,conflicts with humans,and local perception in the Southern Korup Area,Cameroon

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Detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex antibodies in free-ranged wild boar and wild macaques in selected districts in Selangor and reevaluation of tuberculosis serodetection in captive Asian elephants in Pahang,Peninsular Malaysia

Tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic inflammatory and zoonotic disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) members, affecting several domestic animals, wildlife species and humans. The preliminary investigation was aimed to detect antibody against MTBC among indigenous wildlife which are free-ranged wild boar, free-ranged wild macaques and captive Asian elephants in selected areas of Selangor and elephant conservation centre in Pahang, respectively. The results indicate that MTBC serodetection rate in wild boar was 16.7% (7.3–33.5 at 95% confidence interval (CI)) using an in-house ELISA bPPD IgG and 10% (3.5–25.6 at 95% CI) by DPP^®VetTB assay, while the wild macaques and Asian elephant were seronegative. The univariate analysis indicates no statistically significant difference in risk factors for sex and age of wild boar but there was a significant positive correlation (P<0.05) between bovine TB in dairy cattle and wild boar seropositivity in the Sepang district.     

生态伦理视域下的野生动物保护

党的十八大以来,以习近平同志为核心的党中央高度重视生态文明建设,包括对野生动物的保护工作。但是,对野生动物的保护过程中依然存在一些问题,比如栖息地受到破坏和侵犯,野生动物资源被过度利用,环境污染影响到它们的生存繁衍等,由此也阻碍了人类社会的可持续发展。人们在探讨其背后的原因时,应该从生态伦理的视域进一步思考人与野生动物的关系以及人与自然的关系,坚持基于生态平等的生态和谐原则,基于生态自由的生态公正原则,基于生态良知的生态制度化原则,研究野生动物保护的策略,以道德的软约束和法律的硬制约共同指导人们的行为,更好地实现人与自然和谐共生。     

昆明市国家重点保护陆生野生动物分布现状与保护策略

通过资料整理与补充调查,核实昆明市各保护地内国家重点保护陆生野生动物分布现状。结果表明,昆明市记录有陆生野生动物27目89科454种,其中国家重点保护71种,国家Ⅰ级重点保护12种,国家Ⅱ级重点保护59种,分布于已建保护地范围内的有67种,保护地范围外4种,保护率94.37%。针对保护中存在的问题,提出提升保护管理的有效性,开展重要生境生态修复,开展本底调查,加大宣传和执法力度等保护管理策略。     

The worth of giants: The consumptive and non‐consumptive use value of the giant sea bass (Stereolepis gigas)

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圈养北极熊刻板行为的观察研究

2013年4～7月,采用事件记录法记录并分析了海昌(青岛)极地动物世界圈养的2只(1♀1♂)北极熊的刻板行为的类型、发生频次(次·h-1)和时间分布.结果表明,圈养北极熊表现约有12种刻板行为,分别是:刻板踱步、甩头、头颈部上下伸缩、前进倒退交替行走、头部转圈、吐舌、吮掌、假咀嚼、自舔、持续张嘴、干呕食物、打呵欠,在刻板行为类型及其时间分配格局中,雌北极熊以持续张嘴最多,占76.70％,而雄北极熊则以打呵欠最多,占22.58％.