乳腺癌(乳岩)古今文献用药规律数据挖掘

目的 为全面系统地了解古今中医文献中乳腺癌（乳岩）的用药规律,总结有效治疗措施指导临床实践。方法 将相关中医文献经过数据整理后建立乳腺癌文献信息标准数据库集,并在数据整理的基础上采用Clementine 12.0进行用药关联规则分析,得出古今中医文献中关于乳腺癌的用药规律,并运用SPSS 19.0进行文献中所用药物的使用频数/频率进行聚类分析。结果 治疗乳腺癌出现频次排名前五的药物类别由多到少依次为理气药 > 活血药 > 补阳药 > 滋阴药 > 化痰药。理气药常与活血药、补阳药、滋阴药、化痰药合用。结论 乳腺癌治疗以理气化瘀药为主,联合应用化痰药、补阳药、滋阴药的用药规律切合临床实际,值得推广应用。     

Association of tumor budding with tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and prognosis in breast cancer patients

AIM: To investigate the relationship of tumor budding with clinicopathologic parameters, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) of tumor microenvironment and the prognosis in breast cancer patients.METHODS: A total of 178 HE section samples were collected from the breast cancer patients treated with surgery in the First Affilated Hospital of Jinan University during Jan. 2012 to Dec. 2016. The tumor budding and stromal tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes were observed under light microscope. The correlation of tumor budding with the clinicopathologic status and TILs were analyzed by χ² test. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and Log-rank test were used to estimate the disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS).RESULTS: High tumor budding level was associated with more positive lymph nodes, higher grade, and more lymphovascular invasion. In addition, the patients with higher tumor budding level showed fewer TILs, while the patients with lower tumor budding level had more TILs. Furthermore, the patients with higher tumor budding level had a worse disease-free survival and overall survival than those with lower tumor budding level.CONCLUSION: Tumor budding is significantly associated with adverse clinicopathological characteristics of breast cancer and negatively correlated with TILs. Therefore, tumor budding may serve as a potential biomarker to predict the prognosis of breast cancer.     

Genetic diversity of apricot revealed by a set of SSR markers from linkage group G1

Eight polymorphic simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers located in the G1 linkage group of apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) were previously developed and evaluated in a small set of cultivars. Those primers were used for studying variability in 77 apricot cultivars belonging to five different geographical groups, such as Chinese, Asian (Irano-Caucasian and Central Asian), North American, Mediterranean and Western European as well as Middle European cultivars. Six of the markers were polymorphic and revealed a total of 71 alleles ranging from 5 (aprigms11) to 20 (aprigms1) alleles per locus with a mean value of 11.83 alleles per locus. In conclusion, the SSR loci located in the G1 linkage group show a level of polymorphism which is similar to loci dispersed throughout the entire genome. The total number of alleles and the number of unique alleles were the highest in Chinese apricots and the lowest in Middle European cultivars. Heterozygosity also showed a decrease from Asia and China to Middle Europe. No association could have been observed between any SSR markers tested and plum pox virus (PPV) resistant phenotype of cultivars. PPV resistant cultivars did not form a separate clade on the dendrogram obtained by UPGMA cluster analysis. Middle European and Chinese cultivars formed separate clusters while other genotypes formed smaller multiple sub-groups or scattered among different clusters. Our results support previous hypotheses on the origin of PPV resistance in North American apricots. The allele data was also presented in a form that allowed the easy observation of allele frequencies in each geographical group at each locus. Using this data field, differences and similarities between cultivar groups can be easily assessed. The analysis demonstrated the links between the North American and Mediterranean apricot germplasm and confirmed that the Chinese and Eastern European cultivars are distantly related.     

中华蜜蜂保种(资源)分子生物学评价方法

中华蜜蜂是我国独特的东方蜜蜂遗传资源,具有非常重要的利用与保护价值。随着技术的发展,基于分子生物学的保种手段也逐渐展开。本文详细阐述了蜜蜂保种的重要性,介绍了适用于蜜蜂资源评价的常用遗传标记以及适用于遗传资源保护的评价指标,为中蜂资源保护与利用工作提供理论与实践指导。     

A three‐dimensional cell culture system as an in vitro canine mammary carcinoma model for the expression of connective tissue modulators

In this study, derived complex carcinoma (CC) and simple carcinoma (SC) cell lines were established and cultured under two‐dimensional (2D) and three‐dimensional (3D) conditions. The 3D was performed in six‐well AlgiMatrix? (LifeTechnologies®, Carlsbad, CA, USA) scaffolds, resulting in spheroids sized 50–125 µm for CC and 175–200 µm for SC. Cell viability was demonstrated up to 14 days for both models. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) was expressed in CC and SC in both systems. However, higher mRNA and protein levels were observed in SC 2D and 3D systems when compared with CC (P < 0.005). The connective tissue modulators, metalloproteinases‐1, ‐2, ‐9 and ‐13 (MMPs), relaxin receptors 1 and 2 (RXR1 and RXR2) and E‐cadherin (CDH1) were quantitated. All were upregulated similarly when canine mammary tumour (CMT)‐derived cell lines were cultured under 3D AlgiMatrix, except CDH1 that was downregulated (P < 0.005). These results are promising towards the used of 3D system to increase a high throughput in vitro canine tumour model.     

7种红萍的生物学特性研究与ISSR分子标记

通过杂交育种育出3个杂交萍品系MMC3-3、MMC5-1、MMC1-7,采用生物学特性观测和ISSR标记方法对杂交红萍和亲本进行鉴定,验证3个杂交萍品系与亲本的同源性和区别,结果表明,3个杂交红萍与亲本在基因型上已经发生分离,其中MMC3-3较耐热,而MMC5-1、MMC1-7较耐寒.ISSR分子标记结果表明,MMC3...     

Expression and clinical significance of PAK4 in non-small cell lung cancer

AIM: To investigate the expression and clinical significance of PAK4 in the cell lines and tissues of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). METHODS: PAK4 expression in human bronchial epithelial (HBE) cells, NSCLC cell lines, NSCLC tissues and adjacent non-tumor tissues were assessed by immunohistochemistry, real-time PCR and Western blot. Prognostic value of PAK4 expression was evaluated by Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox regression. RESULTS: PAK4 was over-expressed in the NSCLC cell lines at both mRNA and protein levels compared with HBE cells (P<0.05). PAK4 was over-expressed in the NSCLC tissues at both mRNA and protein levels compared with adjacent non-tumor tissues (P<0.05). PAK4 was over-expressed in the metastatic NSCLC tissues compared with the primary NSCLC tissues (P<0.05). Higher PAK4 staining scores were positively correlated with differentiation, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, and clinical stage. Kaplan-Meier analysis and log-rank test showed that overall survival was significantly different between the patients with up-regulated PAK4 and the patients with down-regulated PAK4(P<0.05). PAK4 over-expression was associated with NSCLC progression.CONCLUSION: Increased PAK4 expression was associated with tumor invasion, metastasis and prognosis in the patients with NSCLC. PAK4 is an important prognostic marker and potential therapeutic target in NSCLC.     

3个小麦重组自交系群体抗赤霉病QTLs的SSR分析

 对3个重组自交系群体(RILs)苏麦3号/Alondra F_7、望水白/Alondra F_8、894037/Alondra F_8进行SSR分析,用单个标记方差及回归分析方法,结合接种鉴定资料,寻找与抗赤霉病性有关的的SSR分子标记。结果显示,在这3个抗病亲本的3B染色体上都存在一个主效抗赤霉病QTL,分别能解释2.6％～6.7％(苏麦3号)、47.4％(894037)、8.9％～27.0％(望水白)的抗性表型变异。在其它一些染色体上也发现一些微效QTLs,如2D、4B、4D、7A、6B染色体上,其中存在于4B染色体上的一个QTL来源于感病品种Alondra。在望水白/Alondra F_8群体中检测到了1个存在于2D染色体的抗赤霉病QTL,来源于抗病品种望水白,而在894037/Alondra F_8群体上检测到的1个存在于2D染色体的抗赤霉病QTL,则来源于感病品种Alondra,对其真实性将进一步研究。     

宁夏小麦Glu-A3与Glu-B3位点等位变异组成分析

低分子量谷蛋白亚基(LMW-GS)与小麦品质密切相关。为给宁夏小麦的品质改良提供参考,应用STS分子标记,对宁夏98份小麦品种Glu-A3和Glu-B3位点的等位基因变异类型组成进行检测和分析。结果表明,宁夏98份小麦品种Glu-A3位点存在Glu-A3a(4.0%)、Glu-A3b(2.0%)、Glu-A3c(55.1%)、GluA3d(10.1%)和Glu-A3e(28.5%)5种等位变异;Glu-B3位点存在Glu-B3a(2.0%)、Glu-B3b(8.1%)、Glu-B3c(5.0%)、Glu-B3d(7.1%)、Glu-B3f(21.4%)、Glu-B3g(2.0%)、Glu-B3h(15.3%)和Glu-B3i(13.3%)8种等位变异。宁夏参试品种共存在23种等位变异组合形式,其中引黄灌区存在18种组合类型,Glu-A3c/Glu-B3j(17.7%)和Glu-A3e/Glu-B3f(16.2%)组合类型较为普遍;宁南山区存在13种组合类型,以Glu-A3c/Glu-B3i(20.0%)组合类型为主。在参试的宁夏小麦品种中,对同一地区不同来源品种而言,改良品种的LMW-GS遗传多样性明显较引进品种和地方品种更丰富。     

Reversing effect of naringin on cisplatin resistance in human lung cancer A549/DDP cells

AIM: To investigate the effect of naringin (NRG) on cisplatin (DDP) resistance in human lung cancer A549/DDP cells and its possible mechanism. METHODS: A549/DDP cells were cultured in vitro and treated with NRG and/or DDP at different concentrations for 24 h, and then the cell viability were measured by CCK-8 assay. The combination index (CI) of NRG and DDP were analyzed by Chou-Talalay method. The apoptosis rate was analyzed by flow cytometry. Western blot was performed to detect the protein levels of P-glycoprotein (P-gp), multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 (MRP1), p-Akt, CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4), cleaved caspase-3, Bcl-2 and Bax.RESULTS: The protein levels of P-gp, MRP1, p-Akt and CXCR4 in the A549/DDP cells were higher than those in the A549 cells (P<0.05). The cell viability was remarkably reduced in a dose-dependent manner when A549/DDP cells were exposed to NRG and/or DDP (P<0.05), and the IC₅₀ values of NRG and DDP were 36.92 μmol/L and 129.77 μmol/L, respectively. When the inhibition rate exceeded 15%, NRG in combination with DDP produced a synergistic effect (CI<1). Combination treatment with NRG and DDP significantly induced apoptosis (P<0.05), up-regulated the protein levels of cleaved caspase-3 and Bax, and down-regulated the protein level of Bcl-2 (P<0.05). Meanwhile, NRG remarkably down-regulated the protein levels of P-gp, MRP1, p-Akt and CXCR4 in a dose-dependent manner (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: NRG may enhance the sensibility of A549/DDP cells to DDP most likely via up-regulating the protein level of Bax and down-regulating the protein levels of Bcl-2, P-gp, MRP1, p-Akt and CXCR4.