Clinical efficacy of diclofenac sodium and flunixin meglumine as adjuncts to antibacterial treatment of respiratory disease of calves

Objective To compare the efficacy of the non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs, diclofenac sodium and flunixin meglumine as adjuncts to the antibiotic treatment of bovine respiratory disease (BRD). Procedure We randomly allocated 80 Holstein calves with BRD to three groups. All the calves received a dose of 2.5 mg/kg tulathromycin by single subcutaneous injection and two of the groups received, in addition, either 2.5 mg/kg diclofenac sodium as a single intramuscular injection (diclofenac group, n = 30) or 2.2 mg/kg flunixin meglumine as an intravenous injection on the first three consecutive days after tulathromycin administration (flunixin group, n = 30). All calves were given a clinical score prior to initial treatment (day 0) and after treatment (days 1, 2, 3, 7 and 14) by observing appetite, demeanour, rectal temperature, the rate and type of respiration, presence or absence of coughing, and nasal discharge. Results During the first 48 h, improvement of adverse signs of respiratory disease, such as pyrexia and elevated respiratory rate, and of a high clinical index score was significant in the two adjunct groups compared with the calves receiving antibiotic alone. The reduction in pyrexia was greatest in the diclofenac group. There were no statically significant differences between treatment groups with regard to eventual perceived recovery from respiratory disease in 14 days. Conclusion In this trial, a single intramuscular dose of diclofenac sodium was equally effective as three intravenous injections of flunixin meglumine given on consecutive days as adjunctive therapy for BRD.     

牛阴道脱出的诊断与治疗买永军

牛阴道脱出也称牛阴道脱垂,是兽医临床中常见的一种产科疾病,实践中分阴道半脱和阴道全脱。阴道半脱指部分阴道壁脱出于阴门,特征：卧地时脱出而站立时还纳。阴道全脱指整个阴道壁脱出于阴门,排球大或篮球大,特征：卧地时明显而站立时不能还纳。牛阴道脱出给养殖业造成严重经济损失,笔者在兽医床多年,采取手术和中药同步治疗该病,疗效显著,治愈率高。     

Potential of differential somatic cell counts as indicators of mastitis in quarter milk samples from dairy cows

Bacteriological status, somatic cell counts and proportions of lymphocytes, granulocytes and monocytes were determined in 1,659 quarter milk samples from 39 dairy cows. Discriminant analysis was performed in order to assess the ability of total and differential somatic cell counts and combinations of total somatic cell count and each of the differential cell counts, to discriminate between infected and pathogen-free quarters, as well as between quarters infected with minor pathogens and quarters infected with major pathogens. Total somatic cell count classified 82.9% of all quarters correctly with respect to bacteriological status. Differential somatic cell count was less effective than total somatic cell count in discriminating between infected and pathogen-free quarters, as well as between quarters infected with minor vs. major pathogens. Combination of total and differential somatic cell counts did not improve the rate of correctly classified quarters. Inclusion of demographic data into the discriminant function increased the number of quarters correctly classified, mainly through an increase in the proportion of correctly classified infected quarters.     

牛科家养动物硬脂酰辅酶A脱氢酶1基因的研究进展

硬脂酰辅酶A脱氢酶1(stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1,SCD1)是哺乳动物脂肪细胞中饱和脂肪酸转换为单一不饱和脂肪酸的关键酶,对动物机体及动物产品中脂肪酸的组成和含量有重要的影响。本文对普通牛、水牛、山羊和绵羊等牛科常见家养动物的SCD1基因的结构与功能、变异类型及其与经济性状关联的研究进展进行了综述,并对该基因的未来研究进行了展望。     

海洋贝类提取物对血管平滑肌细胞增殖的影响

采用20％胎牛血清（FBS），碱性成纤维细胞生长因子（bFGF)所诱导的大鼠VSMCs增殖模型，观察了海洋贝类提取物（ESs)对血管平滑肌细胞（VSMCs)增殖的影响。将培养的5－8代细胞接种于96孔板，除正常组加入含0．4％FBS的M199培养液外，其他组均加入含20％FBS培养液（或含50ng/ml bFGF的0．4％FBS培养液），同时给药组分别加入含有25，50，100μl/ml浓度的ESs，孵育48h后，以细胞计数，结晶紫染色及MTT比色法VSMCc生长情况。结果表明，与模型组比较，ESs各剂量组VSMCs的增殖受到明显抑制（P＜0．05，P＜0．01）。ESs对20％FBS和bFGF所致的VSMCs增殖具有明显抑制作用，并存在剂量依赖关系。     

牛副流感病毒3型毒株的分离鉴定及基因组遗传变异分析

从新疆地区某牛场出现发热、咳嗽等症状的多例病牛的肺组织中分离得到3株牛副流感病毒3型,分别命名为XJ03、XJ022、XJ023,对其中两株病毒XJ03和XJ023的基因组进行序列测定,测序结果显示,XJ03和XJ023毒株基因组全长分别为15474 bp(Gen Bank登录号为KU198929)和15475 bp,其核苷酸同源性为99.89%。同代表性的牛副流感病毒基因组比对发现,与我国的山东毒株SD0835同源性最高为99.3%,均属C型BPIV。在C型毒株中,与南韩12Q061分离株(C型)同源性最低为97.5%。F、N、HN、L、P、M蛋白基因氨基酸序列分析显示,与SD0835毒株相应序列对比,同源性分别为99.63%、92.15%、99.48%、99.28%、98.50%和100%,部分氨基酸发生了新的变异。试验结果将为今后更好地开展BPIV3防控奠定基础。     

牛α干扰素在毕赤酵母中的高效分泌表达及活性鉴定

为高效分泌表达牛α干扰素(boIFN-α),本研究通过人工合成boIFN-α基因,将目的基因克隆至表达载体pPIC9K中,构建重组质粒pPIC9K-boIFN-α,将其电转化于毕赤酵母菌株GS115,利用抗药选择压力G418筛选重组菌,对重组菌诱导表达,取上清进行SDS-PAGE和western blot检测,并优化重组菌的诱导表达条件.结果显示:筛选获得高效分泌表达boIFN-α的重组菌,其最佳诱导条件为:250 r/min,26℃培养,1％甲醇浓度诱导,诱导72 h.上清中目的蛋白表达量最高可达200 μg/mL,本研究为boIFN-α在生产中的应用奠定了基础.     

牛传染性鼻气管炎病毒gD蛋白的截短表达与活性检测

经生物学软件DNAStar分析,以牛传染性鼻气管炎病毒(Banha Nu/67)基因组DNA为模板,PCR扩增gD基因943bp的片段,将目的片段定向克隆到pET30a表达载体中,酶切及测序鉴定均正确后,转化BL21表达菌,经IPTG诱导得到部分可溶表达的重组蛋白。用Ni柱亲和层析法在非变性的条件下纯化重组蛋白,纯化的重组蛋白浓度为0.852mg/mL,纯度为85.2%。Westem blot、间接ELISA检测证明纯化的重组蛋白具有良好的抗原性和特异性。     

不同品种牛血清对3T3L1前脂肪细胞增殖与分化的影响

研究不同品种牛血清对3T3-L1细胞增殖与分化的影响,采用模型细胞体外培养法模拟牛脂肪组织生长环境,为牛大理石纹肉早期选择提供一种可能性的方法。抽取17头秦川牛和28头秦杂牛血清,先制备没灭活和灭活血清组培养细胞,MTT法检测细胞增殖相对数,油红O检测脂肪含量,再用不同品种牛血清培养细胞,检测细胞增殖相对数和脂肪含量,以及用比色法测定三磷酸甘油脱氢酶(GPDH)和脂肪酸合成酶(FAS)活性。结果表明,灭活血清培养细胞的增殖相对数量在分化培养第2和4天与分化脂肪含量在第2、4、6和8天都极显著高于没灭活血清组 (P＜0.01);秦杂牛血清培养细胞的数量在第2和4天显著高于秦川牛 (P＜0.05),秦川牛血清培养细胞分化的脂肪含量在第8天显著高于秦杂牛 (P＜0.05),其他天数没有显著性差异 (P＞0.05);分化第8天的细胞内GPDH和FAS酶活两牛种间没有显著性差异 (P＞0.05)。结果显示自制血清灭活比没灭活的更利于细胞的培养;牛血清品种是影响前脂肪细胞增殖与分化的因素,秦杂牛血清可能更有利于前脂肪细胞的增殖,而秦川牛血清可能更有利于前脂肪细胞的分化,但仍需进一步研究。