绵羊血液中布氏杆菌DNA提取方法的比较研究

本研究旨在比较5种DNA提取方法对绵羊血液中布氏杆菌DNA的提取效果及对PCR检测的影响。将不同浓度的疫苗株布氏杆菌加入绵羊全血中,采用3种DNA提取试剂盒和酚/氯仿法以及碘化钠法等5种方法提取模拟的绵羊血液样品中的DNA,评价所获得DNA的浓度、纯度和完整性,并采用布氏杆菌特异性PCR进行检测。同时,对各提取方法所需时间及经济成本进行了比较。结果表明,各方法均能提取获得绵羊全血中布氏杆菌DNA,3种试剂盒和碘化钠法获取布氏杆菌DNA的效果相同,而酚/氯仿法获取布氏杆菌DNA的效率最低或存在PCR抑制剂而不适合用于绵羊血液中布氏杆菌的PCR检测。碘化钠法具有耗时较短、成本低、方便的优点,是从绵羊血液中提取布氏杆菌DNA的良好方法。本研究结果为临床绵羊血液中布氏杆菌DNA提取方法的选择提供了参考。     

Influence of multi-enzyme preparation supplemented with sodium butyrate on growth performance blood profiles and economic benefit of growing rabbits

The present study was carried out to explore the impacts of dietary supplementation of enzyme mixture with sodium butyrate on the growth performance, carcass traits, blood profile and economic benefit in two breeds of weanling rabbits adapted to survive in Egypt (New Zealand White and Rex). One-hundred and twenty weaned male rabbits (New Zealand White and Rex) of 6 weeks of age and 770.5 ± 20 g body weight were allotted randomly into four groups in a factorial arrangement. The obtained results indicated that there were non-significant differences in all growth performance traits, blood profile and economic parameters due to the breed effect. However, there were significant differences in most of carcass traits due to the breed effect except total giblets and New Zealand White breed showed the highest value of these parameters including dressing % (p < .01), forequarter and loin % (p < .001) and hindquarter % (p < .003) compared with Rex breed counterparts. The effect of the treatment and its interaction with the breed significantly (p < .05) improved body weight gain, feed consumption and carcass traits (percentage of dressing, forequarter, hind quarter and lion). However, final body weight and feed conversion ratio were not significantly influenced. Supplementing a diet with treatment significantly decreased blood triglycerides, cholesterol and the ratio between albumin and globulin (A/G ratio), while increased blood total protein and globulin. Although higher feed cost and total costs in treated groups than control ones in each breed, they showed higher total return and net return. Rex non-treated rabbit breed showed the lowest profitability measures compared with other groups. In conclusion, dietary supplementation of multi-enzyme with sodium butyrate is highly recommended in growing rabbits due to their beneficial effects on the growth performance and profitability.     

An approach to rescue the fertility of stallions with a high level of hemospermia

A high amount of blood and not the mere presence of blood in equine semen impacts fertility. The aim of this study was to develop an approach to rescue the fertility of stallions with high hemospermia levels. Semen from 15 stallions was divided into four experimental groups: (a) Control—pure raw semen, (b) WB50—50% (v/v) whole blood added into semen, (c) E1—WB50 extended in a 1:1 (v/v) ratio with milk-based extender and (d) E2—WB50 extended in a 2:1 ratio with milk-based extender. Sperm kinetics, plasma membrane integrity (PMI), lipid peroxidation (PER) and intracellular superoxide (O₂) production were immediately evaluated. Four cycles of 20 mares were randomly assigned to the experimental groups. Mares were bred with an insemination dose of 1 billion total sperm and pregnancy was diagnosed 14 days after ovulation. Sperm kinetics could not be evaluated in the WB50 samples. Total motility was lower (p < .05) in E1 than in CT and E2 samples. Progressive motility decreased (p < .05) with an increase in the percentage of blood in the samples. The PMI and PER did not differ between groups (p > .05); however, O₂ production was higher (p < .05) in WB50 than in E2 samples, while the values were intermediate (p > .05) for CT and E1 samples. The control (90%) and E2 (90%) groups had superior (p < .05) fertility than the others (WB50—0% and E1—25%). It was concluded that sperm motility and fertility of semen with a large amount of blood can be rescued by dilution with a 2:1 extender:semen ratio using a milk-based extender.     

不同精粗比全混合日粮对努比亚山羊肉品质、血清指标和器官发育的影响

为了研究不同精粗比全混合日粮对山羊肉品质、血清指标和器官发育的影响,将体重相近、健康的4月龄努比亚黑山羊36只随机分为3组,每组12只羊。试验组山羊分别饲喂低精粗比(40∶60,L)、中精粗比(50∶50,M)和高精粗比(60∶40,H)全混合日粮,试验为期70 d。结果表明:1)不同精粗比日粮对整个试验期山羊的体尺指标无显著影响(P>0.05)。2)正试期第14天,H组山羊血清谷草转氨酶(aspartate aminotransferase,AST)、谷丙转氨酶(alanine aminotransferase,ALT)和肌酸激酶(creatine kinase,CK)活性显著低于L组(P<0.05);正试期第56天,H组山羊血清AST/ALT值显著高于L组(P<0.05),但碱性磷酸酶(alkaline phosphatase,ALP)活性则相反。3)H组山羊肌肉失水率显著低于其他两组(P<0.05),但肌肉pH则相反;M组肌肉红度显著低于其他两组(P<0.05),各组间其他项目无显著性差异(P>0.05)。4)L组山羊的瘤胃重量、肝脏重量和肝脏指数显著高于H组(P<0.05),而肺指数则相反;M组山羊网胃重量、网胃指数、瓣胃重量、瓣胃指数和皱胃指数著高于L组(P<0.05),而脾脏重量和脾脏指数则相反。5)L组山羊十二指肠绒毛高度、VH/CD和空肠VH/CD显著高于H组(P<0.05),而空肠的隐窝深度则相反;M组山羊回肠绒毛高度和VH/CD显著高于H组(P<0.05)。综上所述,低精粗比日粮能够促进努比亚山羊胃肠道发育,高精粗比日粮能够提高山羊肉品质。从本试验结果来看,采用低精粗比(40∶60)日粮对努比亚山羊进行育肥较好。     

肉牛血液中矿物质元素的含量与变化研究

用原子吸收光谱法对肉牛血液中的Cu,Zn,Fe和用火焰法对Mg,K进行测定.其结果是Cu,Zn,Fe,Mg,K分别为0.402±0.18μg/mL,2.530±0.75μg/mL,412.562±67.52μg/mL,26.580±3.04μg/mL,371.422±172.704μg/mL.Cu,Zn的含量偏低;Fe,Mg,K的含量符合要求.并研究了不同的海拔高度、性别、饲养水平及妊娠与否等条件下肉牛血液中矿物质元素的变化,其结果为不同海拔高度、年龄、性别、饲养水平和妊娠与否的肉牛血液全血中的Cu,Zn,Fe,Mg,K 5种元素的含量差异不显著,不同年龄组中Zn的含量差异显著,其他元素差异不显著.