圈养华南虎血液生化指标正常参考值初步研究

以国内部分圈养的健康华南虎Panthera tigris amoyensis作为研究对象,通过收集华南虎血液生化报告和采集华南虎血液样本检测建立样本数据,血样检测采用自动血液生化分析仪干式试剂片生化技术测定,测定血液生化指标包括血糖(GLU)、总蛋白(TP)、总胆固醇(CHOL)、总胆红素(TBIL)、肌酐(CREA)等。得到华南虎血液生化共38项指标的正常参考值范围(95%概率),其中几项主要指标正常值范围如下:GLU(2.82-11.55)mmol/L、TP(56.58-85.93)g/L、CHOL(3.32-8.66)μmol/L、TBIL(0-5.30)μmol/L、CREA(52-349)μmol/L等。统计结果显示,雌雄华南虎间血液生化指标的部分项目有差异(P <0.05),幼龄组和成年组间各项生化指标差异不显著(P >0.05),与其他虎亚种相关血液生化报道的生化指标部分有差别。华南虎血液生化指标正常参考值范围不同于其他虎亚种,建立华南虎血液生化指标正常值对华南虎的饲养管理、疾病诊治预防和保育繁殖研究工作有重要作用。     

A comparison of the effects of carbon dioxide and medical air for abdominal insufflation on respiratory parameters in xylazine-sedated sheep undergoing laparoscopic artificial insemination

AIMS: To determine if abdominal insufflation with medical air will improve oxygenation and ventilation parameters when compared to insufflation with CO₂ in xylazine-sedated sheep undergoing laparoscopic artificial insemination (AI).

METHODS: Forty-seven sheep underwent oestrus synchronisation and were fasted for 24 hours prior to laparoscopic AI. Each animal was randomised to receive either CO₂ or medical air for abdominal insufflation. An auricular arterial catheter was placed and utilised for serial blood sampling. Respiratory rates (RR) and arterial blood samples were collected at baseline, after xylazine (0.1?mg/kg I/V) sedation, 2 minutes after Trendelenburg positioning, 5 minutes after abdominal insufflation, and 10 minutes after being returned to a standing position. Blood samples were collected in heparinised syringes, stored on ice, and analysed for arterial pH, partial pressure of arterial O₂ (PaO₂), and CO₂ (PaCO₂). The number of ewes conceiving to AI was also determined.

RESULTS: Repeated measures ANOVA demonstrated temporal effects on RR, PaO₂, PaCO₂ and arterial pH during the laparoscopic AI procedure (p<0.001), but no difference between insufflation groups (p>0.01). No sheep experienced hypercapnia (PaCO₂>50?mmHg) or acidaemia (pH<7.35). Hypoxaemia (PaO₂<70?mmHg) was diagnosed during the procedure in 14/22 (64%) ewes in the CO₂ group compared with 8/23 (35%) ewes in the medical air group (p=0.053). Overall, 15/20 (75%) ewes in the CO₂ group conceived to AI compared with 16/22 (72.7%) in the medical air group (p=0.867).

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: There were no statistical or clinical differences in RR, PaO₂, PaCO₂, pH, or conception to AI when comparing the effects of CO₂ and medical air as abdominal insufflation gases. None of the sheep experienced hypercapnia or acidaemic, yet 42% (19/45) of sheep developed clinical hypoxaemia, with a higher percentage of ewes in the CO₂ group developing hypoxaemia than in the medical air group. Based on the overall analysis, medical air could be utilised as a comparable alternative for abdominal insufflation during laparoscopic AI procedures.     

超高效液相色谱—串联质谱法检测鸡血液样品中喹诺酮类药物残留

旨在建立鸡血液样品中多种喹诺酮类药物残留的超高效液相色谱—串联质谱方法。样品经乙腈提取,经Waters Acquity UPLC BEH C₁₈色谱柱分离,以甲醇和0.1%甲酸水溶液为流动相进行梯度洗脱,电喷雾正离子（ESI⁺）模式电离,MRM扫描模式检测。经方法学验证,该方法的线性关系、回收率、精密度均符合要求。应用超高效液相色谱—串联质谱法建立了鸡血液样品中多种喹诺酮类药物同时检测的方法,实现了动物血液样品中12种喹诺酮类药物同时定性、定量分析。     

饥饿、季节及性别对大鲵肌肉、肝脏生化成分的影响

季节会影响到大鲵肌肉的脂肪及钙的含量,肝脏的脂肪、钙及游离氨基酸的含量,饥饿对肌肉的酸化成分不产生影响,但饥饿程度的增加,会对肝脏脂肪无氮浸出物及游离氨基酸产生影响;繁殖前雌性大鲵的肌肉肝脏的肪肪含量均高于雄性的。     

不同周龄大耳白兔血液生理生化指标的测定

为了明确大耳白兔中国兽药监察所封闭群的生物学特性，对其血液生理生化指标进行了测定。选5、10及13周龄的雄兔和雌兔。空腹采血测定红细胞、白细胞等16项血液生理指标和血糖、总蛋白等16项生化指标。10周龄的红细胞数、白细胞数、红细胞压积和平均红细胞血红蛋白含量高于5周龄和13周龄，雌雄间血液生理指标无明显差异，血清丙氨酸转氨酶含量随着周龄的增加而升高，碱性磷酸则随着周龄的增加而下降。与日本大耳白兔相比，主要血液生理指标比较接近，丙氨酸转氨酸、白蛋白、尿素氮、直接胆红素等血液生化指标相近，其他指标有所不同。测定结果表明，该封闭群具有不同于日本大耳白兔（Slc:JW/CSK)的生物学特性。     

安普霉素对仔猪内分泌的调控作用及血液生化指示的影响

采用单因子试验设计 ,28日龄大长北三元杂交断奶仔猪72头随机分为3组 ,研究饲料中添加不同剂量的安普霉素 (0、20、90mg/kg)对仔猪内分泌的调控作用及血液生化指标的影响。试验期为4周。结果表明 :仔猪日粮中添加90mg/kg的安普霉素可促进机体与生长有关的内分泌活动 ,提高内源激素 (生长激素、胰岛素、甲状腺激素T3)水平 (P<0.05),从而促进肌肉蛋白沉积 ;并具有显著降低血液中氨、尿素氮含量和提高血糖水平的作用 (P<0.05) ,表明安普霉素对仔猪具有增加氮沉积 ,促进蛋白质合成、抑制蛋白质分解的作用     

钙对苜蓿幼苗抗寒性及相关生理指标影响的研究

先用50mmol/L CaCl2浸泡图牧吉苜蓿，公农一号苜蓿种子，蒸馏水处理作对照，之后将其幼苗放在低温下胁迫。结果表明：Ca^2 不但能提高图牧吉苜蓉幼苗的抗寒性，而且，也能提高公农一号苜蓿幼苗的抗寒性，同时，图牧吉苜蓿，公农一号苜蓿的超氧化物歧化酶，过氧化物酶，过氧化氢酶等酶活性及脯氨酸与抗坏血酸含量也得到提高。由此推测，Ca^2 提高图牧吉苜蓿，公农一号苜蓿幼苗的抗寒性可能与Ca^2 提高其超氧化物歧化酶，过氧化物酶，过氧化氢酶等酶活性及脯氨酸与抗坏血酸含量有关。     

Physiological Indices and Selection of Methods on Rapid Identification for Sweet Potato Drought Resistance

The relationships between the changes of relative water content （RWC）, malondialdehyde （MDA） contents, superoxide dismutase （SOD） activity and free proline contents in sweet potato leaves, and drought resistant ability under different concentration of polyethylene glycol （PEG） treatment applied at rhizosphere of sweet potato seedlings were studied. A highly positive correlation between RWC and drought resistance （r =0.783, P〈0.01）, a highly negative correlation between MDA contents and drought resistance （r = -0.848, P〈0.01）, a highly positive correlation between SOD activity and drought resistance （r = 0.777, P〈0.01） was observed. Free proline contents in leaves was not related obviously to the sweet potato drought resistance under 25% PEG treatment. The stronger the drought resistance of variety, the less decrease of RWC and increase of MDA contents, the more increase of SOD activity. By determining these physiological indices in sweet potato leaves under 25% PEG treatment, rapid identification of drought resistant ability of different varieties can be obtained in the lab.     

37 ℃持续热应激肉鸡血气改变的动态分析

80只25日龄雄性AA肉鸡,随机分为对照组(21～24 ℃,相对湿度50%±5%)和试验组(37 ℃±0.5 ℃,相对湿度70%±5%),自由采食和饮水.在12 d的试验期间,动态检测血气指标、呼吸频率、直肠温度和生产性能的变化.结果显示热暴露初期呈现代偿性呼吸性碱中毒,其特点为动脉血二氧化碳分压(3.82±0.36)降低,pH(7.48±0.04)升高;中期呈现失代偿性代谢性酸中毒,其特点为血浆HCO-3浓度(19.00±2.55)降低,pH(7.37±0.06)显著下降(P＜0.05);后期酸碱平衡趋于正常.热应激后,肉鸡日增重和日采食量极显著下降(P＜0.01)、料肉比极显著升高(P＜0.01);呼吸频率极显著升高(P＜0.01);热暴露第1、5、7、9和12天体温极显著升高(P＜0.01).动脉血氧分压与呼吸频率呈极显著负相关(P＜0.01),与体温呈显著负相关(P＜0.05);血氧饱和度与体温极显著负相关(P＜0.01).表明37 ℃持续热应激的肉鸡呈现由代偿性呼吸性碱中毒转变为失代偿性代谢性酸中毒,最后趋于正常的动态变化过程.     

The effects of experimentally induced fever on the estimated blood flow to and oxygen utilization by the liver and the viscera drained by the portal vein in sheep

Intrajugular injection of a purified E. coli lipopolysaccharide induced a biphasic fever in sheep after a latent period of 12 to 20 min. The changes in the blood flow from the liver and from the viscera drained by the portal vein were: (a) in the latent period, decreases in total hepatic blood flow (THF) due to decreased portal venous blood flow (PVF); (b) during the first febrile phase, increases in THF due to increased hepatic arterial blood flow and, (c) in the second febrile phase, increases in THF due to decreased PVF. Although there were large variations in the oxygen supply to the viscera drained by the portal vein and to the liver, there were relatively small or no changes in their oxygen consumption.