苜蓿切叶蜂(Megachile rotundata F.)雄蜂对大豆不育系结实率的影响

报道了苜蓿切叶蜂雄蜂在网室内对大豆不育系授粉的效果。结果表明,尽管雄蜂的传粉效率显著低于雌蜂,但雄蜂在网室内的传粉效果还是非常显著的。释放雄蜂网室内大豆不育系JLCMS8A和JLCMS17A的平均单株结荚数和粒数分别为10.3个、16.6粒和37.8个、84.3粒,分别是释放雌蜂后结荚率和结实率的35.0%、34.9%和77.5%、70.2%。过去数年的研究结果表明,所有不育系在网室内没有传粉昆虫时,结荚率和结实率均低于3%,表明苜蓿切叶蜂雄蜂在网室内是大豆不育系有效的传粉昆虫。     

蜜蜂(Apis mellifera)毒的柱层析分离及其主要组份Melittin的抗凝作用

 蜜蜂(Apis mellifera)毒通过葡聚糖凝胶G50分离为七个组份,并进行了酶活力测定和毒性测定,酶测定作了磷酯酶A₂,水解蛋白酶,三磷酸腺甙酶,一磷酸腺甙酶等。对直接溶血组份在血液凝固系统上的作用进行了体内外实验,实验表明:抗血凝固作用是由于抑制了凝血活酶的生成和凝血酶原激活物的生成。     

壁蜂及其在果树授粉中的应用

壁蜂(Osmia)作为果树的有效传粉昆虫,已在国内外得到了广泛的应用。目前在我国果树生产中已应用的壁蜂有5种：凹唇壁蜂(O．excavata AL．)、紫壁蜂(O．jacoti Cockerell)、角额壁蜂(O．cornifrons Radoszkowski)、壮壁蜂(O．taurs Smith)和叉壁蜂(O．pedicorns Cockerell),其中凹唇壁蜂是北方果园的主要传粉昆虫。文中详细地综述了我国现有壁蜂的分布、生物学特性及影响种群增殖的主要因素。     

RAPD分子标记在蜜蜂遗传育种中的应用

RAPD分子标记在蜜蜂遗传育种中得到较广泛应用 .利用 RAPD分子遗传标记 ,估测蜜蜂性别决定位点 (x)与低幼虫存活率位点的标记序列位置 (STS)之间的遗传距离为 1 .6c M;构建了蜜蜂 (Apismellifera)遗传连锁图 ,确定了蜜蜂性基因位点 (x)、黑色体色基因位点 (blk)、苹果酸脱氢酶 (Mdh-1 )位点分别位于第 3、6、1 8个连锁群 ;确定了影响蜜蜂采粉、报警信息素水平、螫刺行为和体长等数量性状的基因座位 ;筛选出 5种引物 ,这些引物所扩增的 RAPD标记可作为鉴别欧洲蜜蜂和非洲蜜蜂 (A. mellifera L.)的分子标记 .蜜蜂高产性状 RAPD标记的研究已取得一定进展     

浅谈蜂产品应用于食品领域的法规

综述了蜂产品应用于食品领域的法规。主要是围绕卫生部、国家食品药品监督管理局、国家质量技术监督管理局关于蜂产品应用于食品领域的的规范文件以及回复意见展开。     

Agkistrodon halys venom PCA improves hemorheology in rats with coronary artery microthrombosis

AIM: To explore the effect of protein C activator (PCA) from Wannan Agkistrodon halys venom on hemorheology in the rats with coronary artery microthrombosis(CAM). METHODS: Fifty SD rats were randomly divided into sham operation group, CAM group, low dose (0.5 mg/kg), medium dose (2 mg/kg ) and high dose (8 mg/kg) of PCA treatment groups. The model of CAM was induced by injecting sodium laurate at dose of 1.0 mg/kg with the concentration of 10 g/L from aortic root to left ventricle. Thrombelastogram was obtained by thromboelastography instrument system. The content of endothelin-1(ET-1) and P-selectin, and the activity of creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB),lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in plasma were determined by ELISA. The protein expression of myocardial P-selectin and TNF-α was detected by Western blotting. The structural changes of the myocardial cells and interstitial tissues were observed under microscope. RESULTS: Compared with CAM group, clotting time and clot formation time significantly prolonged in high-dose PCA group. The alpha angle, maximum amplitude, coagulation index, and the levels of ET-1, P-selectin, CK-MB, LDH and AST in plasma were decreased. The protein expression levels of P-selectin and TNF-α in myocardial tissues were down-regulated (P<0.05). Cardiac histological observation showed that coronary microthrombi in medium-dose and high-dose PCA groups were not found. CONCLUSION: Agkistrodon halys venom PCA inhibits the formation of coronary microthrombi, down-regulates the expression of P-selectin and TNF-α, improves the abnormal hemorheology after microthrombi, and effectively protects myocardial cells.     

三唑磷农药对三种非靶生物的毒性和安全评价研究

本文叙述测定了三唑磷农药３种有代表性非靶生物鲤鱼,家蚕,蜜蜂的急性毒性,并进行了安全评价,试验结果表明,三唑磷对鲤鱼ＬＣ５００．３２ｍｇ／Ｌ（４８ｈ）对家蚕ＬＣ５０（至３龄起）１．０３ｍｇ／ｋｇ桑叶,对蜜蜂触杀ＬＤ５００．０５８μｇ／蜂（２４ｈ）胃毒ＬＣ５０１．９０ｍｇ／Ｌ（２４ｈ）该农药对三种非靶生物均为高毒,本项工作为三唑磷农药的登记和合理表提供了科学依据。     

松材线虫类毒过敏原蛋白的原核表达及多克隆抗体的制备

 利用重叠延伸PCR基因合成法,按大肠杆菌偏爱密码子,合成松材线虫类毒过敏原蛋白基因（Bxvap2）,将其连接到原核表达载体pET-29b(+)上。获得的重组子转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)后,用IPTG进行诱导表达。SDS-PAGE分析表明,目的蛋白以可溶形式高效表达,占细菌总蛋白的33.5 %。将表达产物经Ni-NTA亲和柱纯化后进行质谱分析,结果显示纯化的蛋白为BXVAP2蛋白。用制备的BXVAP2蛋白免疫新西兰白兔制备多克隆抗体,间接ELISA测得抗体灵敏度5.4 ng·mL^-1（效价为1∶1 360 000）,为进一步研究该蛋白的组织定位及功能,明确该基因在致病过程中的作用机理奠定了基础。