SCINTIGRAPHY OF THE SACROILIAC JOINT REGION IN ASYMPTOMATIC RIDING HORSES: SCINTIGRAPHIC APPEARANCE AND EVALUATION OF METHOD

The sacroiliac region in 33 clinically normal riding horses was examined with scintigraphy to determine the normal scintigraphic appearance, to evaluate a semiquantitative method used to calculate a sacroiliac joint (SI joint) ratio, and to identify factors that affect the scintigraphic appearance of the pelvis. The scintigraphic examination included dorsal views of each SI joint region and one lateral view of the urinary bladder. Two predefined areas (the SI joint and the area between the tuber sacrale and the SI joint) were evaluated subjectively by comparing the intensity in each area to the intensity in the tuber sacrale, and a semiquantitative method was applied on the images to calculate an SI joint ratio. The thickness of the muscle mass overlying each SI joint was measured by using ultrasound. A corrected ratio was calculated based on a corrected pixel count for each SI joint. Of 29 evaluated horses, 28 had normal radiotracer uptake in the SI joints and 10 horses had symmetric normal radiotracer uptake in the area between the tuber sacrale and the SI joint. The mean SI joint ratio was 0.53 on both the left and right sides, and the mean corrected SI joint ratio was 2.15 on the left side and 2.13 on the right side. Factors that affect the scintigraphic appearance of the pelvis were identified and included attenuation, radioactive urine, and muscle symmetry. The muscle thickness ranged from 8-11 cm, causing 71-82% attenuation. Radioactive urine in the urinary bladder was located ventral to the SI joint region in 16 horses, and four of these were excluded from further evaluation because of risk of misinterpretation. A visual assessment of symmetry of the horses' gluteal muscle mass was compared with the ultrasound measurements. Fourteen horses (14/33) were regarded symmetric by both techniques. Soft tissue attenuation was found to severely compromise the result and indicated that only lesions in the SI joint with severely increased radiotracer uptake can be detected with scintigraphy. Knowledge about presence of radioactive urine ventral to the SI joint region and assessment of muscle symmetry is essential for a correct subjective evaluation. Any situation with difference in muscle mass between the left and right side of the pelvis will give a false impression of increased radiotracer uptake on the side with lesser muscle mass.     

INTRAHEPATIC VENOUS COLLATERALS PREVENTING SUCCESSFUL STENT-SUPPORTED COIL EMBOLIZATION OF INTRAHEPATIC SHUNTS IN DOGS

The purpose of the following study was to evaluate stent-supported coil embolization of the hepatic vein in combination with antithrombotic treatment as a method for treatment of intrahepatic shunts, and to describe the complications associated with this procedure. Seven dogs with an intrahepatic shunt were included in a prospective clinical trial. A stepwise procedure was performed. First intervention: transjugular retrograde portography and stent implantation into caudal vena cava; second intervention: hepatic vein embolization combined with an antithrombotic treatment; third intervention in dogs with residual shunting: hepatic vein embolization without antithrombotic treatment. A right shunt was found in one dog and a left shunt in six dogs. Primary intrahepatic venous collaterals were found in one dog and hepatic vein embolization was not performed. Stent implantation into the caudal vena cava was performed in the other six dogs. There was no stent migration or thrombosis. Following the first coil intervention two dogs died due to vessel laceration while removing an oversized or migrated coil. On follow-up the shunt was completely closed in one dog. Secondary intrahepatic venous collaterals developed after the first or second coil intervention in two and one dog, respectively. In conclusion, stent-supported coil embolization of the hepatic vein in combination with an antithrombotic treatment was of limited success because primary or secondary intrahepatic venous collaterals tend to occur.     

吉兰泰盐湖防护体系的防风阻沙效应

[目的] 定量描述防护体系防风阻沙能力及地表蚀积变化,揭示盐湖防护体系的防风阻沙作用规律,为吉兰泰盐湖防护体系防护效果评估提供数据支撑,为中国西北风沙区及荒漠盐湖沙害治理提供理论依据。[方法] 选择吉兰泰盐湖防护体系为研究对象,通过野外原位监测,对3,10月两场典型强风沙尘天气下不同下垫面0—30 cm高度内输沙以及逐月地表蚀积情况进行观测。[结果] ①2 m高度处风速由流动沙垄到盐湖湖心表现为衰减—急剧衰减—恢复阶段,到盐湖湖心时风速恢复至旷野风速。从白刺灌丛至盐碱滩地风速均较流动沙垄降低了70%～90%。②从白刺灌丛至盐湖湖心输沙量呈现为急剧降低—降低—缓慢增加的状态,整体较流动沙垄降低了83.89%～94.90%。③防护体系对两种主害风的防风阻沙效果明显,其风速及输沙量分别较流动沙垄降低了98.71%,91.79%,且西北风向下的防风阻沙效果优于西南风向。④6—9月白刺灌丛至盐湖湖心地表呈现为风积状态,且净蚀积强度较流动沙垄最高可降低157.04%。[结论] 虽然受季节和风向影响,但防护体系防风阻沙效果仍保持较好状态,它对风沙流的阻滞作用使地表由风蚀转为堆积,并使风速及输沙量均降低了90%以上,从而有效避免盐湖湖面积沙。     

Safety Accident Law of Bridge Construction Based on the Rheology and Mutation Theory

Based on the characteristics of the bridge construction accident, the bridge construction safety accident rheological rule curve was drawn by studying on the theory of rheology and mutation bridge construction safety accident law. The bridge construction safety accident rheology and mutation mathematical model was set up, and the cause of the accident and the relationship between rheological mutation curve was analyzed using the mathematical software MATLAB based on the mathematical model. Initial safety and attenuation rate of accident time effect was obtained by means of verify and analysis on the mathematical model. The rheology and mutation mathematical model is proved to be reasonable, through studying on the deformation monitoring data of support structure during construction.     

Coupling time to silking with plant growth rate in maize

In maize (Zea mays L.), progress towards pistillate flower maturity (silking) is highly dependent upon the environmental conditions around flowering. Under conditions that inhibit plant growth, female flower development is delayed relative to that of the male flowers resulting in an increase in the anthesis–silking interval (ASI). Although variation in ASI has been extensively documented, its relationship to plant growth is not well understood. Therefore, we developed a conceptual basis and experimental approach for quantifying and analyzing the process of female flowering in maize in response to variation in plant growth rate during the flowering period.     

In vitro prediction of canine urolith mineral composition using computed tomographic mean beam attenuation measurements

Determination of urolith mineral composition is critical for management of urolithiasis in dogs and cats. Using computed tomography, urolith physical density, and hence chemical composition, can be quantified using mean beam attenuation measurements (Hounsfield units; HU). This study was designed to establish in vitro reference ranges for three types of compositionally pure uroliths retrieved from dogs. Sixty-six canine uroliths (22 uric acid, 21 calcium oxalate, 14 struvite, nine mixed or compound) were placed in a phantom array. Uroliths were scanned at 120 kVp, 200 mA, and 80 kVp, 200 mA. The region of interest (ROI) for mean HU calculation was determined using two techniques, and reference ranges were calculated for each kVp using either ROI technique. HU for urolith types of pure composition were statistically different (Wilcoxon's two-sample test, P < 0.0083 [Bonferonni correction with six comparisons for total P < 0.05]) using both ROI techniques at either kVp. Struvite uroliths were not statistically different from mixed or compound uroliths. The accuracy for determination of composition of pure uroliths ranged from 86% to 93%; the prediction accuracy for each urolith mineral type and for all uroliths in general was highest when the ROI was hand-drawn just within the visible urolith border at 80 kVp. Technique of ROI determination and kVp that yielded the highest sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values varied for each urolith type. Therefore, in this study, HU could be used to differentiate three types of uroliths of pure mineral composition in vitro. Further studies are needed to determine the predictive value of HU in vivo.     

地震危险性分析方法的改进及其应用

分析总结了我国历史地震等震线及历史地震活动某些特征，发展了地震烈度衰减模型，改进了地震发生的双态泊松模型，对潜在震源我划分的不确定性进行了探讨。     

光伏组件积灰特性及其透射衰减规律研究

该文以呼和浩特城区的倾斜玻璃板和光伏组件为积灰载体,测试并分析了积灰颗粒的粒径分布、形貌特征及元素组成,研究了太阳入射角与太阳总辐照度变化方向对透射衰减率的影响规律,计算了不同积灰量下由积灰引起的日平均总透射衰减率。研究表明:呼和浩特城区光伏组件积灰颗粒的体积平均径为23.10μm,粉砂质量分数约为72.77%;积灰量分别为2.75、4.59、5.86 g/m~2时,积灰引起的日平均总透射衰减率分别为1.29%、3.42%、4.71%;太阳总辐照度增时段,总衰减率随太阳入射角以类线性趋势正相关变化。太阳总辐照度减时段,总衰减率随太阳入射角以微小幅度先减小再增大,当太阳入射角增至60°时,总衰减率开始线性增大;总衰减率最小值所对应的太阳总辐照度比峰值小168 W/m~2,对应的太阳入射角比最小值小25.5°。该研究可指导呼和浩特城区光伏发电系统除尘方式的选取及除尘周期的预设。     

超声法同时测定牛奶中脂肪和蛋白质含量

采用超声法测量牛奶成分,并对牛奶超声特性进行了探讨,分别通过偏最小二乘法、非线性偏最小二乘法和非线性主成分回归,建立脂肪和蛋白质的校正模型。结果表明,用非线性偏最小二乘法建模预测的结果最好,脂肪的预测标准偏差RMSEP值为0.2533,蛋白质的预测标准偏差RMSEP值为0.2303,而与标准化学法相比,其预测结果不存在明显差异。     

鸡Eimeria tenella致弱虫苗的实验研究及田间试验

对双重致弱球虫疫苗(DLV虫苗)进行了实验室的安全试验。通过对380羽3日龄小鸡的3批毒力测定,强毒虫株2.5×10~4接种小鸡,死亡率均超过50％;DLV虫苗2.5×10~4剂量接种3批小鸡,未见明显临床表现。在鸡体连续5次传代,也未出现明显返强现象。通过对260羽3日龄小鸡的3批免疫试验证明,DLV虫苗对10×10~5强毒株的攻击有100％的保护率。又用ELISA法测定抗体效价消长发现,免疫后7周左右抗体效价达高峰,至14周抗体效价仍可保持在一定高度,足以对再感染具有保护力。该虫苗易于保存,一般在4℃可保存6个月以上,仍有良好的免疫效果。通过在上海、浙江、江苏、安徽等地区的田问试验,发现免疫鸡的平均发病率为2.8％,死亡率为0.48％。常规用药鸡平均发病率为11.8％,死亡率为2.9％。空白对照鸡(不用苗,不用药)平均发病率为80％,死亡率为28％(经及时抢救治疗减少了死亡率)。免疫鸡比常规用药鸡节省耗药费用0.20元/羽。在大批量扩大免疫试验中,对24,800羽鸡用苗后的平均保护率可达99.66％,死亡率为0.34％,效果十分显著。通过实验室和现场应用试验,证明DLV虫苗可靠、安全、稳定,且有高度免疫原性和足够的抗体水平及免疫期。