富硒酵母在鸡营养中的研究进展

硒是动物必需的微量元素,广泛参与动物体内生理过程的调节。富硒酵母主要含有硒代蛋氨酸和硒代半胱氨酸两类硒化合物,是补充动物硒的重要来源。本文主要综述了富硒酵母在鸡体内的抗氧化作用、免疫调节及其生理过程,添加富硒酵母后对鸡生产性能、肉制品质的影响。     

渔用浮标定位监视系统

介绍了几种常用的渔用浮标定位监视系统的基本组成、工作原理及各自的特点。着重对GPS渔用浮标定位监视系统的模式及各组成部分的功能和设计的关键技术进行了讨论。采取适当方法解决关键技术后,使GPS渔用浮标定位系统具有较强的抗干扰能力和信息自动交换能力,特别适合在海洋中容易漂移的渔具、航行器等设备中作位置监视、搜寻之用。     

初情期母牦牛乏情的产生机理探讨

青藏高原地区母牦牛繁殖率普遍偏低,初情期母牦牛的乏情情况较为普遍,严重影响其繁殖性能.为探究初情期母牦牛乏情产生的机理,以其营养代谢为切入点,对乏情和发情的初情期母牦牛的血液各类指标进行了检测.结果表明,乏情组母牦牛促性腺激素(GnRH)、促卵泡素(FSH)、促黄体素(LH)、雌激素(E2)和孕酮(P4)均显著低于发情...     

光照对马岗鹅季节性繁殖活动和内分泌的调控

研究了光照对马岗鹅季节性繁殖活动和内分泌的调控。在整个试验期（2004.01.13-12.18）对照组接受自然光照,处理组接受人工控制的长短光照处理。在非繁殖期（4-7月份）,对照组公母鹅血浆PRL浓度升高,LH浓度和公鹅睾酮水平降低,鹅换羽;在繁殖期（8-3月份）,公母鹅血浆PRL水平下降,LH浓度和公鹅睾酮水平则上升。在处理组,延长光照均使公母鹅PRL浓度升高,LH浓度和公鹅睾酮水平降低,鹅群进入休产期并换羽;缩短光照则降低PRL水平,促进LH分泌和公鹅睾酮水平上升,鹅群进入繁殖期。整个试验阶段,两组中公鹅甲状腺素T3水平均无明显季节性变化,处理组和对照组母鹅平均产蛋48.8和26.3枚,前者比后者高85.6%。试验结果表明,长光照抑制,短光照促进马岗鹅繁殖活动,光照通过调节PRL和LH的分泌调控马岗鹅繁殖活动的季节性变化。     

龙牙楤木的根段繁殖试验研究

针对龙牙楤木繁殖困难的现况,研究了有效的龙牙楤木无性繁殖方法。试验发现,不同根段长度、不同扦插方式及不同药剂处理对根插出苗、成活有很大影响。结果表明:选择直径为1.0~2.0cm粗的根段,长度为15cm以上,使用108生根粉或杜根素药剂处理后,进行斜向扦插,成活率能达到70%以上,并成为独立的植株。     

Substrate choice of territorial male Topeka shiners (Notropis topeka) in the absence of sunfish (Lepomis sp.)

Abstract –  Topeka shiners ( Notropis topeka ), an endangered minnow species, typically spawn on or around breeding Lepomis sunfish (Centrarchidae) nests. Why spawning Topeka shiners are attracted to these nests is unclear, but having the nesting sunfish provide shiner eggs with improved aeration, a lessening of siltation, and protection from egg predators are possibilities. We tested the substrate utilisation of Topeka shiners in outdoor tanks in the absence of sunfish to determine the shiner's fundamental choice. Shiners were provided with substrate patches of cleaned sand, small gravel, large gravel, and small cobble, and the bare floor of the tank. The substrate above which a male shiner established his territory was used as evidence of choice. A statistically significant choice for sand substrates was demonstrated. This fundamental choice might influence which sunfish nests Topeka shiners use, given that nest substrate characteristics differ both between sunfish species and within species by spawning site location.     

Do summer temperatures trigger spring maturation in Pacific lamprey,Entosphenus tridentatus?

Abstract –  Pacific lamprey, Entosphenus tridentatus , return to streams and use somatic energy to fuel maturation. Body size decreases, the lamprey mature, spawn, and then die. We predicted that warm, summer temperatures (>20 °C) would accentuate shrinkage in body size, and expedite sexual maturation and subsequent death. We compared fish reared in the laboratory at diel fluctuating temperatures of 20–24 °C (mean = 21.8 °C) with fish reared at cooler temperatures (13.6 °C). The results confirmed our predictions. Lamprey from the warm water group showed significantly greater proportional decreases in body weight following the summer temperature treatments than fish from the cool water group. A greater proportion of warm water fish sexually matured (100%) and died (97%) the following spring than cool water fish (53% sexually mature, 61% died). Females tended to mature and die earlier than males, most obviously in the warm water group.     

Development of novel intracytoplasmic sperm injection and somatic cell nuclear transfer techniques for animal reproduction

Animal biotechnology has made new biological experiments possible and new discoveries are being made on an almost daily basis. Among these discoveries is a method for directly injecting a spermatozoa or somatic nucleus into an oocyte that has brought a revolution in the world of micromanipulators. Experiments that were unfeasible until now have become possible, and normal offspring can be generated from infertile cells, such as using dead sperm or a dead frozen body. In this review, I will introduce the progress of animal reproductive biotechnology, including our current research.