The optimal immunization procedure of DNA vaccine pcDNA–TA4–IL-2 of Eimeria tenella and its cross-immunity to Eimeria necatrix and Eimeria acervulina

The immunization procedure of DNA vaccine pcDNA–TA4–IL-2 of Eimeria tenella, including route, dose, time of immunization and age of primary immunization of chicken, was optimized. The stability and the cross-species protection of the vaccine were also analyzed. Efficacy of immunization was evaluated on the basis of oocyst decrease ratio, lesion score, body-weight gain and the anti-coccidial index (ACI). Chinese Yellow chickens were randomly distributed into corresponding groups (30/group). The challenged, unchallenged and vector control groups were designed. The results illustrated that 25 μg was the optimal dose and intramuscular injection was the most effective route to induce protective immunity. There were no significant differences of ACIs between boosting and non-boosting groups. Storage time and temperature had little effect on the immunizing efficacy of the vaccine. The vaccine could provide partial cross-protection against the challenge with E. necatrix and E. acervulina, but not with E. maxima.     

狂犬病病毒糖蛋白基因的克隆及其二级结构和B细胞抗原表位预测

对狂犬病病毒CVS株糖蛋白基因进行克隆与测序,推导出相应的氨基酸序列。然后采用Gam-ier-Robson法和Chou-Fasman法预测糖蛋白的二级结构,用Kyte-Doolittle法、Emini法和Jameson-Wolf法分别预测蛋白质的疏水性、表面可能性和抗原指数,并综合分析预测糖蛋白的B细胞抗原表位。结果表明,该蛋白结构中含有少量的α螺旋、较多的β折叠以及较为丰富的转角区域,在序列的121~126、133~137、161~165、191~193、201~204、214~216、221~225、264~267区域或其附近最有可能是B细胞抗原表位的优势区域。     

家蚕B型清道夫受体基因的鉴定及系统发生与表达分析

B型清道夫受体(SR-B)是清道夫受体超基因家族成员,参与机体的脂类代谢、动脉粥样硬化形成或保护、宿主免疫损害防御、凋亡细胞清除和细胞粘附等重要生命过程。基于家蚕全基因组数据,利用比较基因组学方法,鉴定获得了14个家蚕B型清道夫受体基因,这些基因分布在至少5条染色体上,其内含子的大小从几十到近万个碱基对。系统发生分析表明,14个家蚕B型清道夫受体基因分布在3个类群:第1类群中分布的9个基因和第3类群中分布的3个基因,分别与类群中其它昆虫的同源基因形成明显的直系同源关系;第2类群中分布有2个基因,此类群中不同昆虫的同源基因之间的进化关系较为复杂。EST数据和芯片数据分析表明,多数家蚕B型清道夫受体基因具有转录活性。RT-PCR检测结果显示,有8个家蚕B型清道夫受体基因在5龄第3天幼虫组织中表达,并具有不同的表达模式,推测这些基因可能行使不同的功能。研究结果为进一步诠释家蚕B型清道夫受体基因的功能奠定了基础。     

贵州奶牛传染病检测和预防的研究

2006—2008年对贵州省内610份奶牛血清进行检测,其中有116份血清为乙型肝炎表面抗原(HBsAg)阳性,平均阳性率19%;534份牛血清样品中,检出奶牛传染性鼻气管炎阳性血清29份,阳性率为5.4%,而运用血清补体结合反应(CFT)检测奶牛传染性胸膜肺炎,均为阴性。将HBsAg、HBeAg双阳性奶牛肝组织做电镜观察,发现肝组织中有密集的HBV颗粒。结果表明,贵州省奶牛可能存在乙型肝炎、传染性鼻气管炎的感染,应当引起奶牛养殖者的高度重视。     

上皮间质转化促乳腺癌机制及药物干预治疗研究进展

乳腺癌是犬、猫等伴侣动物与人类常发疾病,作为人类及动物常患恶性肿瘤和主要致死肿瘤之一,其疾病负担仍呈逐步加重趋势,乳腺癌的预防及治疗形势愈加严峻。上皮间质转化(EMT)是乳腺癌发生发展中重要的生物学过程。EMT还可促进恶性肿瘤的侵袭、扩散及耐药,因此它在肿瘤的研究中日益受到关注,靶向于EMT是治疗乳腺癌的重要研究方向与热点。文章就EMT发生过程中细胞形态功能及标志物的变化、EMT分类及EMT与乳腺癌的关系分别展开论述,详细解析了EMT相关TGF-β/Smad、NF-κB及Wnt信号通路转导途径;随后对乳腺癌治疗药物研究进展,包括TGF-β/Smad通路抑制剂开发,相关药物、基因及细胞因子治疗前景、NF-κB通路与Wnt通路抑制剂的动物试验研究结果进行了详细论述;最后对乳腺癌的治疗发展与趋势进行了展望。深入认识信号通路调控乳腺癌EMT的生物学过程,明确其发生发展机制,寻找关键靶点及开发靶向药物,将为乳腺癌的精准治疗带来曙光。     

携带猪流行性腹泻病毒S1抗原表位的乙肝核心抗原病毒样颗粒的构建与鉴定

旨在构建以乙肝核心抗原(HBcAg)为载体呈现猪流行性腹泻病毒(PEDV)S1抗原表位的病毒样颗粒.将PEDV S1蛋白中含B细胞表位的270 bp片段插入到HBcAg主要免疫显性区域(MIR),构建重组质粒pET-32a(+)-HBcAg-PEDV S1,转化到感受态细胞BL21(DE3)中,经IPTG诱导表达,SD...     

人工感染猪流行性腹泻病毒仔猪外周血SmIg+B细胞及T细胞的动态观察

本实验对猪流行性腹泻病毒(PEDV)—J毒株细胞培养毒接种的6头仔猪和3头健康仔猪外周血SmIg~+B细胞及T淋巴细胞的数量作了检测。T细胞用总E玫瑰花(Et)及活化E玫瑰花(Ea)试验作检测,SmIg~+B细胞用荧光素标记的葡萄球菌A蛋白(FITC—SPA)菌体法鉴定。结果:接种后,SmIg~+B细胞百分率显著上升,于第23天时达峰值(29.19±3.45),明显高于对照猪(P<0.05),Et玫瑰花百分率虽略有上升,但与接种前相比无统计学差异(P>0.05),而Ea玫瑰花百分率则显著低于接种前水平(P<0.01)。以上结果表明,PEDV—J毒株细胞培养毒可刺激仔猪B细胞明显增多。由此认为,B淋巴细胞积极参与PED的免疫反应过程,体液免疫是PED猪的主要免疫反应。     

Spectrophotometry and Ultracentrifugation for Measurement of Plasma Lipids in Dogs with Diabetes Mellitus

Background

There are conflicting reports of plasma lipoprotein lipid content in dogs with diabetes mellitus (DM).

Objectives

To determine lipoprotein lipid content of plasma of dogs with DM by spectrophotometry and ultracentrifugation; to compare lipoprotein lipid content in diabetic and healthy dogs; and to quantify apolipoprotein B‐100 (ApoB) in dogs with DM.

Animals

22 dogs with DM and 9 healthy dogs.

Methods

Cross‐sectional study. Triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), and high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL‐C) concentrations were measured by spectrophotometry. Very low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL‐C) and low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C) concentrations were calculated after ultracentrifugation. Non‐HDL‐C cholesterol was calculated by subtracting HDL‐C from TC. ApoB was quantified by ELISA. The Mann‐Whitney test was used for comparison of median lipoprotein concentrations, and Spearman's correlation was used to assess associations between ApoB and lipoprotein fractions.

Results

All values are reported in mg/dL. Median TG (122), TC (343.5), HDL‐C, (200), VLDL‐C, (27) LDL‐C (68), non‐HDL‐C (114), and ApoB (320) were significantly higher in dogs with DM, compared to healthy dogs (57, 197, 168, 12, 16, 31, and 258, respectively, P‐values 0.0079, <0.001, 0.029, 0.011, <0.001, <0.001, 0.025, respectively). A significant association was found between ApoB and LDL‐C (Spearman's rho = 0.41, P = 0.022) and between ApoB and non‐HDL‐C (Spearman's rho = 0.40, P = 0.027).

Conclusions and Clinical Importance

Dyslipidemia of dogs with DM is characterized by pronounced increases in LDL‐C and non‐HDL‐C concentrations, although all lipoprotein fractions are significantly increased. Knowledge of specific lipoprotein fraction alterations in dogs with DM can enhance treatment options for diabetic dyslipidemia in dogs.