对一起销售含违禁药品生猪产品案的查处

目前,我国生猪产品生产与销售等环节的长效监管机制仍处于探索阶段。本案阐述了一起由江西省赣州市畜牧兽医局查处的销售含有违禁药品生猪产品的违法行为,论述了该案的标的检测、调查取证、依法听证、行政处罚等执法过程,并对相关问题进行了思考与探讨。     

Pathology and Neurotoxicity in Dogs after Repeat Dose Exposure to a Serotonin 5-HT1B Inhibitor

AZD3783, a cationic amphiphilic drug and a potent inhibitor of the 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT_1B) receptor, was explored as a potential treatment for depression. To support clinical trials, repeat dose toxicity studies in rats and dogs were conducted. Here we report toxicity findings in dogs after dosing from 1 to 3 months. In the 1-month study, there were minimal neuronal vacuolation in the brain, a marked increase in liver enzymes accompanied by hepatocellular degeneration/necrosis and phospholipidosis (PLD), and PLD/cholecystitis in the gallbladder of animals dosed at 47 mg/kg/day. In the 3-month study, neurotoxicity resulted in euthanasia of one animal dosed at 30 mg/kg/day after 86 days. Extensive pathologic changes were seen in all animals in retina epithelium (inclusion bodies), brain (neuronal vacuolation, degeneration, or necrosis and nerve fiber degeneration), spinal ganglia (vacuolation, degeneration, or necrosis), as well as sciatic and optic nerves (degeneration). Pigment-laden macrophages were observed in the lung, kidney, liver, gallbladder, bone marrow, gastrointestinal tract, and lymphoid tissues. Also seen were vitrel and retinal hemorrhage in the eyes. A brain concentration and pathology study showed that the concentration of AZD3783 in the brain was approximately 4 times higher than in the plasma after 4 weeks of dosing, however, they were similar in all regions examined, and did not correlate with areas with pathologic findings. Our findings with AZD3783 in dogs have not been reported previously with other CNS compounds that effect through serotonergic pharmacology.     

UPLC-MS/MS测定4种兽药制剂中非法添加阿托品的方法研究

建立了兽药中非法添加药物阿托品的超高效液相色谱-串联质谱（UPLC-MS/MS）的检测方法。样品经提取稀释,采用BEH C18柱为分离柱,外标法定量。结果表明,阿托品在0.5～10 ng/mL范围内线性关系良好,相关系数大于0.99。在4～6 mg/g(或mg/mL)添加浓度范围内阿托品的平均回收率97.4%～110.9%,批内变异系数均小于10％,检测限为0.2 mg/g(或mg/mL),定量限为0.5 mg/g(或mg/mL)。该方法简便、灵敏度高、重现性好,适用于兽药中非法添加阿托品的含量测定。     

对兽药违法案件中货值金额计算的思考

选取货值金额计算有争议的兽药违法典型案例,对货值金额计算的价格及数量确定依据条例条款分析审议,提出货值金额按标价计算等价格确定方法、已售数量争议的界定方法等数值确定方案的建议,以期为兽药规范执法提供参考。     

常见降压动物药研究进展

高血压为目前最常见的慢性病,严重威胁人类健康。随着近年来对治疗和控制高血压药物的各方面研究的积极开展,具有降压和控制血压稳定性的动物药越来越引人关注。本文对近年来降压动物药的试验研究,临床应用和其药理作用的研究进展进行了整理,通过对牛黄、地龙等常见动物药在高血压治疗和控制上的研究概况的介绍,综述了降压动物药的研究进展。     

Advances in Reptile Clinical Therapeutics

The standard of today's reptile practice calls on clinicians to use an ever-increasing array of diagnostic tools to gather information and obtain a definitive diagnosis. Few, if any, pathognomonic signs exist for reptile diseases, and for most clinical syndromes there is a lack of information regarding pathophysiology for one to define standard therapeutic protocols based solely on clinical signs without objective diagnostic information. For example, in the relatively distant past, clinicians treating reptile patients would routinely administer parenteral calcium to green iguanas (Iguana iguana) with the primary presenting clinical sign of muscle tremors. Today, veterinarians who treat reptiles recognize that the risk of soft tissue mineralization and permanent damage to arteries, renal tubules, and other tissues usually outweighs the potential short-term benefit of calcium therapy. Before calcium therapy is initiated, it is best to know the patient's ionized calcium concentration to reduce the risk of potential adverse therapeutic side effects. A problem-oriented diagnostic approach directed toward minimizing risk and maximizing therapeutic benefit is now the standard of reptile practice.     

兽用抗生素中非法添加5种解热镇痛类药物的高效液相色谱检测方法研究

建立兽用抗生素注射液与可溶性粉剂中非法添加对乙酰氨基酚、安乃近、安替比林、萘普生、氨基比林5种药物的高效液相色谱—二极管阵列检测分析方法。样品经甲醇超声提取后进行液相色谱分析,采用CAPCELL PAK MG C18(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm)色谱柱,柱温30℃,流动相为乙腈和磷酸盐缓冲液,梯度洗脱,检测波长229 nm,流速1.0 m L/min。对乙酰氨基酚、安乃近、安替比林、萘普生、氨基比林进样量分别在5.04~100.88、12.04~240.72、5.04~100.72、2.02~40.40、5.02~100.32μg/m L范围内呈良好的线性关系;平均加样回收率(n=5)分别为97.9%~102.8%、91.9%~98.8%、96.2%~101.1%、94.1%~102.3%、96.0%~102.8%,RSD分别为1.0%~3.1%、0.9%~6.4%、1.7%~4.2%、1.4%~3.9%、0.9%~4.8%。该方法快捷、简便,其准确性和灵敏度经方法学验证能很好地满足检测多种抗生素中非法添加解热镇痛类药物的筛查要求。