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361.
鸡鸭对饲料能量利用的比较研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
选用18周龄健康、体重基本一致的海兰褐佳蛋公鸡和北京Z系公鸭各48只,以Sibbald“真代谢能(TME)”法测定了公鸡和公鸭常用谷物、饼粕和油脂等3大类9种常用饲料的代谢能。结果表明:鸡和鸭对饲料能量利用存在明显的差异。AME除棉粕和玉米淀粉鸭与鸡差异不显著外(P>0.05),其余7种饲料AME鸭都比鸡高;TME玉米淀粉鸭与鸡差异不显著(P>0.05),其余8种饲料TME鸭都比鸡高。48h鸭内源能排泄量(113.10MJ)比鸡(88.88MJ)高(P<0.01)。并且饲料蛋白质含量越高,鸭和鸡饲料AME、TME值之间差异越大。 相似文献
362.
363.
采用利血平建立北京鸭脾虚模型,观察健脾益气中药党参和白术对脾虚北京鸭十二指肠和空肠CCK、VIP、SSmRNA表达的影响。结果表明:脾虚组鸭十二指肠和空肠CCK、SSmRNA表达都显著(P<0.05、P<0.01)低于正常组;党参预防组、治疗Ⅱ组以及白术治疗Ⅱ组治疗效果均显著,可使十二指肠和空肠CCK、SSmRNA表达回复到正常水平。说明党参具有预防脾虚的作用,且单独高剂量(中药浓度2g/mL)使用党参和白术能达到治疗脾虚的目的,其作用机理是通过调节胃肠激素在体内的平衡达到治疗脾虚泄泻的目的。 相似文献
364.
Assessing hygiene proficiency on organic and conventional pig farms regarding pork safety: A pilot study in Finland 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
K.-M. Siekkinen L. Nuotio J. Ranta R. Laukkanen S. Hellstrm H. Korkeala R. Maijala 《Livestock Science》2006,104(1-2):193-202
A key element in the EU Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) will be a single farm payment system that is linked to compliance with rules on, for instance hygiene standards. However, there are no recommended methods for assessing the hygiene proficiency of pig production farms. The present study was undertaken to develop a method for this purpose. A first implementation was done on pilot scale; with a set of both conventional and organic pig farms (N = 15). Fifty hygiene-related factors were selected, especially with reference to the possible proliferation of enteric pathogens Listeria monocytogenes, Yersinia enterocolitica and Yersinia pseudotuberculosis. The factors were allocated into 8 evaluation categories: (1) general production management, (2) animal density, (3) the outdoor area for pigs, (4) pest and pet animals, (5) general hygiene in the piggery, (6) pen hygiene, (7) feed production hygiene, and (8) feeding hygiene. A farm questionnaire and a supplementary on-site observation form were devised, and one arbitrary scale of hygiene points assigned for each factor. In addition to the mailed questionnaires, one person subsequently visited all the farms, perused the questionnaire with the owners and completed the observation form. The hygiene scores of the farms in each evaluation category were compared both without weighting and with weighting based on expert opinions. The method proved to be feasible and applicable to different types of production. 相似文献
365.
Treatment of cow-waste slurry by a microbial fuel cell and the properties of the treated slurry as a liquid manure 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Hiroshi YOKOYAMA Hideyuki OHMORI Mitsuyoshi ISHIDA Miyoko WAKI Yasuo TANAKA 《Animal Science Journal》2006,77(6):634-638
Resource recycling and the proper treatment of animal waste to reduce its environmental impact are currently important issues for the livestock industry. A microbial fuel cell (MFC), a new type of bioreactor, is expected to play roles in both waste‐water purification and energy recovery. However, the generation of electricity from cow waste has not yet been examined. In this study, using an MFC, we examined the possibility of generating electricity from dairy‐cow waste slurry, and analyzed the properties of the treated slurry as liquid manure for resource recycling. The MFC treatment of the slurry generated electricity in a dose‐dependent manner, and the maximum power output by the MFC from a 1 g of chemical oxygen demand/L slurry was 0.34 mW/m2. After the MFC treatment, 84% of the biological oxygen demand in the slurry was removed and three essential fertilizer elements (nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium) were retained at 84, 70, and 91% levels, respectively. The amount of ammonia nitrogen in the slurry, as an element of fast‐release fertilizer, was increased by 1.9‐fold. Although the treated slurry displayed properties that made it preferable as liquid manure, further studies to improve the electrical power output by the MFC are required for practical use. 相似文献
366.
Francisco J. Escobedo David J. Nowak John E. Wagner Carmen Luz De la Maza Manuel Rodríguez Daniel E. Crane Jaime Hernndez 《Urban Forestry & Urban Greening》2006,4(3-4):105-114
Santiago, Chile's semi-arid climate and urbanized environment poses a severe limitation for the establishment and maintenance of urban forests. Municipalities, or comunas, are the main stakeholders in the management of Santiago's public urban forests. A tenable hypothesis would be that as the socioeconomic level of a comuna increases, the better the condition of a comuna's urban forest. Unfortunately, there is little comprehensive information on management, public expenditure, and structure of Santiago's public and private urban forests. To examine this hypothesis, Santiago was divided into socioeconomic strata, then using air photo interpretation and stratified field sampling, urban forest structures were quantified by socioeconomic strata. In addition, interview surveys were used to determine municipal urban forest management and expenditures for different public urban forests based on socioeconomic strata. Urban forests in the high socioeconomic strata had fewer public trees, greater tree cover, tree and leaf area density, and leaf area index than lower socioeconomic strata. The percentage of total municipal budget allocated to public urban forest management was consistent among strata, but the total public urban forest budgets were greater in the high socioeconomic strata. Public urban forest structure is related to the socioeconomic strata of Santiago's different comunas. 相似文献
367.
液相色谱-质谱联用技术在检测食品中兽药残留的应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
动物性食品安全问题现已成为一个全球性的议题。动物性食品药残超标、安全性差的问题十分突出。建立一种准确、灵敏、可靠的分析动物性食品中兽药残留的方法刻不容缓。介绍了液相色谱-质谱联用技术(LC-MS)应用于动物性食品中几种常见兽药残留的检测方法。 相似文献
368.
应用基因芯片检测动物性食品中主要致病菌 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
依据16SrDNA、23SrDNA上的恒定区和可变区设计7种致病菌的通用引物和特异性寡核苷酸探针,并对探针5’端进行氨基化修饰进行基因芯片共价结合,然后优化杂交反应液、芯片点样及后处理程序,研制出一种可同时检测动物性食品中7种主要致病菌的基因芯片。结果表明,7种致病菌的基因芯片杂交检测灵敏度可达10^2cfu/g,与经典传统检测方法及分子生物学、免疫学方法相比该方法特异性强,准确率高,可同时检测动物性食品中7种致病菌。 相似文献
369.
370.