风景园林研究的跨界融合与量化革新——以香港大学城市环境与人类健康实验室为例

以香港大学城市环境与人类健康实验室这一新兴学术共同体作为研究切入点,使用文献综述与案例研究的方法深入探讨学术共同体在推动风景园林学科的发展和进步中扮演的关键角色。研究结果发现：该实验室在以往的风景园林学科内容、框架和知识体系基础上,运用新兴技术并结合定量的统计学方法,将城市环境与居民健康紧密相连,为快速城市化地区的环境和人类健康问题提供高效、精准、人文关怀且切实可行的解决方案,并极大地拓展了风景园林学科的研究领域;实验室的核心关注点在于城市感知：探究城市环境特征如何以及在何种程度上通过心理、生理等途径影响人类健康;在健康城市领域,这支先锋团队担任着理论研究、技术探索以及教育者的角色。     

宁夏重点湖泊生态健康评价与修复对策研究

针对宁夏湖泊湿地生态环境退化的问题,以宁夏重点湖泊为对象,利用多指标体系评价法,建立宁夏湖泊湿地生态系统健康评价指标体系,采用湖泊综合评判方法,对宁夏重点湖泊进行生态健康评价,评价结果显示沙湖、星海湖、阅海、腾格里湖为亚健康状态,鸣翠湖和宝湖为健康状态.同时根据各湖泊湿地生态系统健康评价的结果,分析各湖泊存在的主要问题...     

贵州省畜产品质量安全问题

为了提高畜产品的质量安全,确保畜牧业稳定、持续发展,对贵州省畜产品质量安全的现状、存在问题及原因、今后发展对策等,进行了全方位探讨。     

广西某食蟹猴规模化养殖场饮用水和青饲料卫生质量监测

为了对广西某规模化食蟹猴养殖场饮用水和青饲料卫生质量情况进行监测,对饮用水和青饲料进行连续抽样监测,按照《生活饮用水卫生标准》《生活饮用水卫生标准检验方法》和《国家禁用和限用的农药名单》进行检测与评价.结果显示:抽取6份饮用水样检测26项理化指标,有3份不合格,超标率达50.0％,超标指标有浑浊度、肉眼可见物;抽取14...     

动物腹腔手术后粘连的成因及防制概述

就术后粘连发生的诱因、发生机理进行了阐述,并结合动物粘连模型的试验研究结果及临床研究结果,对预防腹腔手术后粘连的药物和方法进行了综述。     

芹菜资源及其保健功能的研究进展

介绍了近几年来对芹菜资源分布、生物学特性、地方品种收拳整理和国外品种引进利用研究的情况。综述了芹菜的营养价值和功能成分分析、生物活性物质的提取技术及其保健功能的药理和临床应用研究进展。     

Embryo-mediated genome editing for accelerated genetic improvement of livestock

Selecting beneficial DNA variants is the main goal of animal breeding. However, this process is inherently inefficient because each animal only carries a fraction of all desirable variants. Genome editing technology with its ability to directly introduce beneficial sequence variants offers new opportunities to modernize animal breeding by overcoming this biological limitation and accelerating genetic gains. To realize rapid genetic gain, precise edits need to be introduced into genomically-selected embryos, which minimizes the genetic lag. However, embryo-mediated precision editing by homology-directed repair (HDR) mechanisms is currently an inefficient process that often produces mosaic embryos and greatly limits the numbers of available edited embryos. This review provides a summary of genome editing in bovine embryos and proposes an embryo-mediated accelerated breeding scheme that overcomes the present efficiency limitations of HDR editing in bovine embryos. It integrates embryo-based genomic selection with precise multi-editing and uses embryonic cloning with elite edited blastomeres or embryonic pluripotent stem cells to resolve mosaicism, enable multiplex editing and multiply rare elite genotypes. Such a breeding strategy would enable a more targeted, accelerated approach for livestock improvement that allows stacking of beneficial variants, even including novel traits from outside the breeding population, in the most recent elite genetic background, essentially within a single generation.     

基于农村公共卫生视角的中央与地方事权的划分

在现代社会公平是不可回避的问题,在公共卫生领域同样如此。通过对比相关数据发现政 府对于农村公共卫生投入不足,城乡间的公共卫生服务水平差距明显;其次省际间分化更为严重。对 以上问题,首先,必须建构明确的事权划分原则和细则适度上移共享事权,使得事权与支出责任相匹 配;其次,需通过中央的宏观调控之手加大对农村卫生领域的投入,缩小省际间的公共卫生服务水平 差距。     

Marine-Derived Chitosan Nanoparticles Improved the Intestinal Histo-Morphometrical Features in Association with the Health and Immune Response of Grey Mullet (Liza ramada)

Marine-derived substances are known for their beneficial influences on aquatic animals’ performances and are recommended to improve intestinal health, immunity, and anti-oxidative status. The present study investigates the role of chitosan nanoparticles on the intestinal histo-morphometrical features in association with the health and immune response of Grey Mullet (Liza ramada). Chitosan nanoparticles are included in the diets at 0, 0.5, 1, and 2 g/kg and introduced to fish in a successive feeding trial for eight weeks. The final body weight (FBW), weight gain (WG), and specific growth rate (SGR) parameters are significantly increased while feed conversion ratio (FCR) decreases by chitosan nanoparticles compared to the control (p < 0.05). The morphometric analysis of the intestines reveals a significant improvement in villus height, villus width, and the number of goblet cells in chitosan-treated groups in a dose-dependent manner. Additionally, there is a positive correlation between the thickness of the enterocyte brush border and the chitosan dose, referring to an increasing absorptive activity. Histologically, the intestinal wall of Grey Mullet consists of four layers; mucosa, sub-mucosa, tunica muscularis (muscular layers), and serosa. The histological examination of the L. ramada intestine shows a normal histo-morphology. The epithelial layer of intestinal mucosa is thrown into elongated finger-like projections, the intestinal villi. The values of hemoglobin, hematocrit, red blood cells (RBCs), total protein (TP), albumin, and globulin are significantly increased in fish fed 1, and 2 g/kg of chitosan nanoparticles compared to fish fed 0 and 0.5 g/kg (p < 0.05). The highest levels of TP and albumin are observed in fish fed 1 g/kg diet (p < 0.05). The lysozyme activity and phagocytic index are significantly enhanced by feeding chitosan nanoparticles at 0.5, 1, and 2 g/kg, whereas the phagocytic activity is improved in fish fed 1 and 2 g/kg (p < 0.05). The highest lysozyme activity and phagocytic index are observed in fish fed 1 g/kg. SOD is significantly activated by feeding chitosan nanoparticles at 1 g/kg. Simultaneously, glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and catalase (CAT) activities also are enhanced by feeding chitosan at 1 and 2 g/kg, compared to fish fed 0 and 0.5 g/kg (p < 0.05). The highest GPx and CAT activities are observed in fish fed 1 g/kg (p < 0.05). Conversely, the malondialdehyde (MDA) levels are decreased by feeding chitosan at 1 and 2 g/kg, with the lowest being in fish fed 1 g/kg (p < 0.05). To summarize, the results elucidate that L. ramada fed dietary chitosan nanoparticles have a marked growth rate, immune response, and anti-oxidative response. These improvements are attributed to the potential role of chitosan nanoparticles in enhancing intestinal histo-morphometry and intestinal health. These results soundly support the possibility of using chitosan nanoparticles at 1–2 g/kg as a feasible functional supplement for aquatic animals.     

茶让生活更美好

茶作为中华民族的举国之饮,是中华传统文化的集中体现,也是彰显健康生活的民生产业。如今,中国茶在新时代的脉络中展现了蓬勃的生机与活力,迎来了发展的黄金时代。本文从茶产业、茶文化、茶科技和茶健康等角度全方位论述了中国茶的影响、地位、贡献和前景,解读茶让人民生活更美好的时代愿景。