口服肠溶制剂在兽药领域中的应用前景

介绍了肠溶制剂的制剂特点、肠溶制剂包衣原理、肠溶包衣材料和肠溶制剂类型等内容。结合规模化养殖场对药物饮水给药的需求,从兽用肠溶制剂的药物开发特点及近几年的国内外研究情况等两方面做以阐述,以期为兽用肠溶微丸、肠溶微囊制剂研发提供新的思路。     

Third-degree atrioventricular block in 21 cats (1997-2004)

The effect of 3rd-degree atrioventricular block on long-term outcome in cats is unknown. Clinical findings and long-term outcome of 21 cats with 3rd-degree atrioventricular block were studied retrospectively. Median age of cats studied was 14 years (range 7-19 years). Presenting signs included respiratory distress or collapse, but 6 cats had no clinical signs of disease. Eight cats had congestive heart failure (CHF) at the time that 3rd-degree atrioventricular block was detected. Heart rates ranged from 80 to 140 beats per minute (bpm; median 120 bpm) with no difference in heart rate between cats with and those without CHF. Eleven of 18 cats that had echocardiograms had structural cardiac disease, and 6 cats had cardiac changes consistent with concurrent systemic disease. No atrioventricular nodal lesions were detected by echocardiography. One cat had atrioventricular nodal lesions detected on histologic examination. Median survival of 14 cats that died or were euthanized was 386 days (range 1-2,013 days). Survival did not differ between cats with or without CHF or between cats with or without structural cardiac disease. Thirteen cats with 3rd-degree atrioventricular block survived > 1 year after diagnosis, regardless of presenting signs or underlying cardiac disease. Third-degree heart block in cats is often not immediately life threatening. Survival was not affected by the presence of underlying heart disease or congestive heart failure at the time of presentation. Even cats with collapse might survive > 1 year without pacemaker implantation.     

Molecular tools--advances, opportunities and prospects

Modern molecular technologies are having a substantial impact in many fundamental and applied areas of parasitology. In particular, polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-coupled approaches have found broad applicability because their sensitivity permits the enzymatic amplification of gene fragments from minute quantities of nucleic acids from tiny amounts of parasite material. Also, high-resolution electrophoretic and genomic methods are finding increased utility. This paper briefly discusses some developments and applications of DNA methods to parasites and highlights their usefulness or potential for those of veterinary importance. Selected examples of applications with implications in fundamental (systematics, population genetics, epidemiology and ecology) and applied (diagnosis, prevention and control) areas are presented. The focus is mainly on tools for the accurate identification of parasitic nematodes and protozoa of socio-economic importance, the diagnosis of infections and the detection of genetic variability using PCR-coupled mutation scanning technology.     

兽药GMP检查验收中的常见问题分析

兽药GMP认证工作主要是对相关人员、硬件与软件三大要素和验证、规程与记录三项重点工作进行考核与检查。其中,硬件是根本,软件是重点,人员是关键。记录是实施GMP认证的基础性工作,必须真实、详细;规程是兽药生产的规范性文件和行动指南,必须规范、合理,可操作性强;而验证则是GMP检查验收工作的精髓和重中之重,各项规程及标准等都必须通过验证。     

美国联邦法规与中国兽药典细菌类活疫苗纯粹检验方法的比较分析

对美国联邦法规（CFR9）及《中国兽药典（二OO五年版三部）》中细菌类活疫苗纯粹检验方法的异同进行了比较分析,并对我国细菌类活疫苗纯粹检验方法提出了修改建议。     

州市动物疫控机构兽用生物制品储运管理应注意的问题

从实际工作需要出发,以保山市动物疫病预防控制中心的工作实践为基础,本文较系统地分析总结了州市级动物疫控机构兽用生物制品储运管理应注意的问题。它具有较强的可操作性和实用性,对保证疫苗质量、提高免疫效果至关重要,为州市级动物疫控机构加强兽用生物制品储运管理和从事该项工作但缺乏工作经验的专业人员提供了可操作的参考意见。     

Clients’ perceptions of delivery of veterinary services in peri-urban Ghana

A study was designed aimed at comparing the assessment of performance of animal health care delivery systems in peri-urban Ghana by livestock and poultry keepers in 4 locations. 889 respondents were interviewed using a questionnaire. A higher proportion of respondents in Location 1 met their needs for animal health by themselves, while in Location 3 these needs were met mainly by veterinarians. The mean distances to veterinary clinics, veterinary technicians or to purchase medicine were significantly higher in Location 1. Higher proportions in 3 locations perceived effectiveness of service delivery to be good. However, equity was poor in all 4 locations. Higher proportions in Locations 2, 3 and 4 said services were unaffordable. Client needs were perceived to have been met by higher proportions in Locations 3 and 4 but not in Locations 1 and 2. Staff attitude and technical competence were good in all 4 locations. The study concluded that the differences reported in the quality of service indicators in the 4 locations were not critical enough to recommend location-specific delivery systems.     

浅析以发病机理为中心的授课模式

以发病机理为中心的授课模式是兽医内科学在教学实践中发展起来的一种新型教学方法,主要适用于兽医临床课程的课堂教学。通过发病机理的讲解与分析,可以推测临床表现,表明病理变化,引出诊断依据,提示治疗原则和指出防治措施。该教学方法既有利于理清教师授课思路,把握疾病本质,又有利于促进学生思考,使其所学专业知识融会贯通,同时能够增强课堂互动．提升教学效果。     

兽用氟喹诺酮药物长效制剂的研究与应用进展

概述了兽用氟喹诺酮类抗菌药长效制剂的特点,及其近年来在国内外的研究进展和应用情况,分析了氟喹诺酮药物长效制剂亟待解决的问题,并对其发展前景进行了展望。     

中兽医教学改革探析

随着我国畜牧业的发展及高校办学方向的变化,中兽医学科体系面临着诸多问题,并在教学过程中显现出来。如理论课程学时过少,教材匹配性不佳,学生厌学情绪严重及实验实践教学条件落后等。这些直接导致该学科在教学科研环节的停滞,同时严重影响了中兽医人才的培养质量。为了扭转这种不利局面,将该学科教学重新引入正轨,进而带动整个学科的发展,笔者从学科所处文化环境、受关注程度及自身局限等方面进行分析,提出加强学生人文素质培养,合理配置学时内容及改进教学方法等措施并积极实践,取得了初步成效,整体教学效果得到改善。研究旨在为下一步学科的深入改革奠定基础。