源分离农村卫生厕所冲水灌溉利用技术研究

针对现在我国农村缺少有机肥源,而普通厕所又将人类粪便冲走变成污染物造成环境污染与资源浪费的情况,提出了将源分离农村卫生厕所与农田滴灌利用技术结合的解决方案,通过源分离的农村卫生厕所将人类排泄物分离成大便冲水及小便冲水,小便冲水通过管道分流到储存池中,待尿液中的尿素转变成可利用的氨氮后通过滴灌系统对农田进行滴灌.通过这种利用模式,不仅能解决农村人类排泄物造成的环境污染,同时又能降低冲水利用量从而节约水资源,还能将排泄物中的氮、磷、钾等营养物质循环利用,形成作物-人体-作物的闭合循环.     

Effects of saccharicterpenin on antioxidant status and urinary metabolic profile of rats

Saccharicterpenin is a new green additive agent that is derived from the extract of Theaceae plants and has the ability to improve immunity and meat quality, increase the digestive enzyme activity, and enhance the intestinal development and growth of animals. However, the antioxidant status and systematic changes in metabolic biochemistry associated with saccharicterpenin supplementation in animals are still unknown. This study examined the effects of saccharicterpenin on the antioxidant status and urinary metabolic profile of rats. Sixteen rats were randomly distributed to 2 groups. One group was treated with 400 mg/kg body weight of saccharicterpenin, and the other group was treated with equal amount of saline. Results revealed that saccharicterpenin significantly increased the capacities of anti-hydroxyl radical (13.18%) and anti-superoxide anion (14.36%), the total antioxidant capacity (48.27%), and the activities of total superoxide dismutase (3.68%), catalase (21.52%), glutathione peroxidase (5.83%) and glutathione S-transferase (29.59%) (P < 0.05). By contrast, the contents of malondialdehyde and glutathione were not significantly affected by saccharicterpenin (P > 0.05). Saccharicterpenin supplementation significantly increased the urinary levels of bile acids, ethanol, α-ketoglutarate, and α-hydroxybutyrate but decreased the level of N-acetylglutamate (P < 0.05). In summary, saccharicterpenin can enhance the antioxidant capacity and modulate the metabolism in rats.     

竹蝗林间防治试验

应用油烟雾剂、敌敌畏烟剂、林丹烟剂、药尿液等不同药剂进行林间防治竹蝗试验 ,结果表明油烟雾剂、敌敌畏烟剂对竹蝗的防治效果较好 ,药尿液也有良好的防治效果。同时 ,提出了竹蝗综合防治措施 ,在大发生初期采用油烟雾剂或烟剂防治 ,在一般发生年份应用药尿液诱杀防治     

Tolerability and efficacy of benazepril in cats with chronic kidney disease

The objective of the study was to test the effect of the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) benazepril in cats with chronic kidney disease (CKD). A total of 192 cats with CKD with an initial plasma creatinine concentration > or = 2 mg/dL (> or = 177 micromol/L) and urine specific gravity < or = 1.025 were recruited into a double-blind, parallel-group, prospective, randomized clinical trial. Cats received daily (q24h) PO placebo (n = 96) or benazepril x HCl at a dosage of 0.5-1.0 mg/kg (n = 96) for up to 1,119 days. Most cats were fed exclusively a diet containing low amounts of phosphate, protein, and sodium. Benazepril produced a significant reduction in proteinuria, assessed by the urine protein-to-creatinine ratio (UPC, P = .005). This effect of benazepril was present in all subgroups tested, including cats with UPC <0.2, although the effect was largest in cats with higher UPCs. Plasma protein was maintained at higher concentrations with benazepril as compared with placebo during treatment in cats with initial UPC <1 (P = .038 versus P = .079 for all cats). There was no difference in renal survival time between the 2 groups when all 192 cats were compared. Mean +/- SD renal survival times were 637 +/- 480 days with benazepril and 520 +/- 323 days with placebo (P = .47). Mean +/- SD renal survival times in the 13 cats with initial UPC > or = 1 were 402 +/- 202 days with benazepril and 149 +/- 90 days with placebo (P = .27). Cats with initial UPC > or = 1 treated with benazepril had better appetite (P = .017) as compared with those treated with placebo. Benazepril was well tolerated. In conclusion, benazepril decreased proteinuria in cats with CKD.     

Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Trial of Adjuvant Pamidronate with Palliative Radiotherapy and Intravenous Doxorubicin for Canine Appendicular Osteosarcoma Bone Pain

Background: Canine osteosarcoma (OSA) causes focal malignant osteolysis leading to severe pain. Despite the documented efficacy of radiotherapy or IV aminobisphosphonates for managing cancer bone pain, their potential combined therapeutic value has not been reported in OSA-bearing dogs.
Hypothesis: Pamidronate combined with standardized palliative therapy will improve pain control and bone biologic effects in OSA-bearing dogs.
Animals: Fifty dogs with appendicular OSA treated with standardized palliative therapy and either pamidronate or sterile saline.
Methods: Randomized, prospective, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study. Treatment responses for dogs receiving standardized palliative therapy with (n = 26) or without (n = 24) adjuvant pamidronate were serially evaluated for changes in subjective pain scores, urine N-telopeptide (NTx) excretion, primary tumor relative bone mineral density ( r BMD), and computerized pressure platform gait analysis.
Results: Median duration of subjective pain relief for dogs treated with adjuvant pamidronate or placebo was 76 and 75 days, respectively ( P = .39). Forty percent (20/50; pamidronate [11/26] and placebo [9/24]) of dogs experienced durable analgesia, defined by pain alleviation ≥112 days. For patients achieving durable pain control, dogs treated with pamidronate achieved greater reductions in NTx excretion and larger increases in r BMD compared with placebo controls. Changes in peak vertical force assessed by computerized pressure platform gait analysis correlated with pain alleviation in OSA-bearing dogs.
Conclusions and Clinical Importance: Combining pamidronate with standardized palliative therapy is safe, but does not clearly improve pain alleviation. However, in dogs achieving durable pain control, adjuvant pamidronate appears to decrease focal bone resorption in the local tumor microenvironment.     

The effects of exercise on urinary albumin excretion in dogs

Persistent microalbuminuria has been shown to be an indicator of glomerular damage associated with early progressive renal disease in people and dogs. In people, transient or reversible microalbuminuria has been shown to occur with exercise. A semi-quantitative test to measure microalbuminuria in the dog recently has become available. The purpose of this study was to determine if mild-to-moderate exercise induced microalbuminuria in the dog. Twenty-six dogs were included in the study after undergoing tests to rule out hyperglycemia, urinary tract infection, azotemia, and a urine protein:creatinine ratio >1. Exercise consisted of 20 minutes of flat treadmill running. Urine samples were collected on 2 separate days before exercise, the morning of exercise, 3 hours postexercise, 7-9 hours postexercise, and each of the 2 mornings after exercise. For 24 of 26 dogs, this procedure was repeated after a minimum 7-day interval between exercise sessions. The canine E.R.D. (early renal disease)-Screen Urine Test (E.R.D.-Screen test) was used to determine semiquantitative urine albumin concentrations. Microalbuminuria-positive samples, as determined by the E.R.D.-Screen test, were further analyzed to determine quantitative albumin concentrations. Four (15%) dogs were microalbuminuria positive. In each of these dogs, microalbuminuria was present both before and after exercise with no quantitative increase in urine albumin concentration postexercise. Twenty-two (85%) dogs were microalbuminuria negative throughout the study and did not develop microalbuminuria at any time after exercise. On a 95% confidence interval, the proportion of dogs that might be expected to develop microalbuminuria after exercise is between 0 and 15%.