The potential contribution of separation technologies to the management of livestock manure

Separation processes have a distinct role in the management of livestock slurries, but it is important to recognise their limitations. Such technology can direct certain manure components into a small volume of a concentrated stream which is useful for the production of organic products in subsequent processes. Equipment generally falls into systems based either on mechanical screening (which can produce a fibrous and seemingly dry product), filtration processes (producing a cake), or sedimentation leading to a sludge product. Although physical separation can remove up to 80% of the total solids content from livestock manures, this will only include a relatively small part of the soluble nutrient and of the reactive organic matter; this is particularly so where separation is based on screens. The complete removal of all suspended matter (total clarification) of an effluent is theoretically possible by settling — a decanter centrifuge will accelerate the process. This can remove most of the phosphorous, especially if coupled with chemical pre-treatment to raise the pH. However, the clarified stream still retains a significant polluting potential in terms of the residual nitrogen content (as ammonia) and potassium. Only membrane separation can greatly reduce the potassium concentration, but such technology is rarely suitable for the farm situation.     

高浓度氨氮废水的处理技术及发展趋势

高浓度氨氮废水的现有处理技术主要有物化法（吹脱、萃取、沉淀等）和生物强化处理,各种技术均有成熟规范和工程实例,但能耗、效率和二次污染问题始终限制着高浓度氨氮废水的处理.新技术中超声技术和电化学法的能耗也较高,其研究方向在机理和过程;高级氧化去除氨氮的过程仍在研究的起步阶段,过程和影响因素均不明;而微波技术由于节能高效已经进入了中试阶段,是高浓度氨氮废水处理的可行方案,但仍需解决微波设备与处理水量的放大问题.     

分级分相厌氧消化工艺的研究现状

厌氧消化是污泥处理的主要途径之一,分级分相厌氧消化工艺因产酸相和产甲烷相的分离而具有一系列的特点和优势。从污泥的停留时间、TOCD的去除率、COD去除率、应用范围等多角度对分级分相厌氧消化工艺进行了系统的分析。对最新的研究成果进行了总结,并对其在未来污泥处理中的应用前景进行了讨论。     

1例藏獒三氮脒中毒的生化检验及治疗

用三氮脒以3.5 mg/kg的剂量对患有附红细胞体病的藏獒进行肌肉注射,隔日用同等剂量的三氮脒肌肉注射,24 h后,藏獒发生以神经症状为主的中毒现象,并表现出食欲废绝,后肢发软,四肢抽搐呈划水状,卧地不起,昏迷,体温正常临床症状。经血清生化检验,藏獒的尿素氮、肌酸激酶等的生化指标明显升高,血糖降低占病例的100%。经过5 d的药物治疗后,中毒藏獒基本恢复健康。     

猪附红细胞体病临床快速诊断与治疗方法的研究

根据流行病学调查、临床表现、剖检变化,结合血液压片相衬观察法,对猪附红细胞体病进行临床快速诊断。并对目前治疗猪附红细胞体病的10多种药物进行治疗效果观察,最终筛选出有效药物3种,临床治愈率可达90%以上。     

氧化塘处理原木蒸煮废水

介绍了原木蒸煮废水的处理方法,提出氧化塘法是小型木材加工厂处理该废水的最佳选择,并用实例简单介绍了氧化塘的设计选型问题.     

Di-tri-octahedral smectite for the prevention of post-operative diarrhea in equids with surgical disease of the large intestine: Results of a randomized clinical trial

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of a commercially available di-tri-octahedral (DTO) smectite product on clinical signs and prevalence of post-operative diarrhea in horses with colic associated with disease of the large intestine. Sixty-seven horses with surgical disease of the large intestine were randomly assigned to be treated with DTO smectite (n = 37; 0.5 kg via nasogastric intubation every 24 h for 3 days post-operatively) or a placebo (n = 30). The effect of treatment on fecal scores and clinical and hematological parameters, including heart rate, mucous membrane color, temperature, total white blood cell count, total neutrophil count and total plasma protein values, were determined.Horses treated with DTO smectite had a significant reduction in the prevalence of post-operative diarrhea (10.8%), compared with controls (41.4%). A significant improvement in mucous membrane color was observed 72 h post-operatively in horses receiving treatment, compared with placebo. Administration of DTO smectite to colic patients with disease of the large intestine reduced the occurrence of diarrhea in the early post-operative period.     

不同处理对罗布麻种子生理特性的影响

［目的］为罗布麻有性繁殖率的提高提供一定的数据参考。［方法］不同储存时间、不同土壤pH值、不同生长调节剂、不同温湿度和光照处理罗布红麻种子,对其发芽率进行比对。［结果］罗布麻种子新采收时,温度25 ℃,在微碱性土中,经密闭限氧透光条件下发芽率最高,并且赤霉素和萘乙酸对其种子的发芽率均有调节性,但生长调节剂浓度过高会抑制其发芽率。［结论］不同处理对罗布麻种子生理特性的影响显著不同。