A GIS-based framework of regional irrigation water demand assessment

Although a lot of research has been performed on estimating irrigation water demand at the on-farm level, far less has been done on irrigation water demand for a region-wide basis, such as for a river basin or an area covering multiple river basins. The capture and management of the spatial variations in related data such as soil, climate, crops, and canal networks is the key to effective and efficient regional irrigation water demand estimations. The Geographic Information System (GIS), with its powerful spatial data management and analysis capabilities is used in this study to extend the scope of on-farm irrigation water estimation into a regional estimation. A command area covering several river basins in southern Taiwan was used to build a model prototype. The model framework shows the capability of the system to estimate regional irrigation water demand with most of the spatial variations preserved. The model also shows the capability for quickly reflecting changes in irrigation water demand in response to changes in cropping patterns, a feature that may be a necessary for regional water resource planning.     

山东省农民专业合作社发展的主要模式 经验与政策走向——基于济南市和德州市的调查与分析

《农民专业合作社法》颁布实施以来,山东省立足区位优势和资源禀赋,积极支持农民专业合作社的发展。在运作中探索出几种较有成效的发展模式。因地制宜、分类指导、加强引导、注重宣传、完善机制、规范运作等是其成功的主要经验。针对目前面临的主要困境,该省积极调整相关政策,为农民专业合作社健康有序的发展创造良好条件。     

Simulating the effects of different disturbance regimes on Cortaderia selloana invasion

Disturbances favour plant invasions because they provide a pulse of resources for seedling establishment and growth. However, little attention has been paid to the importance of the different disturbance regimes in the extent of invasion. In this paper we asked to what extent invasion depends on spatial and temporal patterns of disturbance. By using the spatially explicit model Fateland, we simulated how Cortaderia selloana, a large-wind dispersed perennial grass invading Mediterranean grasslands, responds to different medium-term (up to 55 years) disturbance regimes. The different scenarios combine disturbance frequency, extent of disturbance and temporal and spatial disturbance variability, and they roughly mimic real situations of habitat management and disturbances in cultural landscapes.The model predicted that the proportion of invaded area would increase with disturbance frequency. The extent of the disturbance overcame the importance of frequency. Aggregated disturbances randomly distributed in space had a more positive effect on invasion than scattered disturbances at repeatedly fixed locations. Whether the disturbances regularly occurred in time or were irregularly distributed did not influence the percentage of invaded landscape. Our simulation analysis unambiguously supports the hypothesis that disturbances are essential for the persistence and expansion of Cortaderia sellona. The high amount of seed rain from a few individuals (e.g., gardens) make this species very sensitive to landscape changes produced by different disturbance patterns (e.g., land abandonment, habitat management or rubbish dumping). Our results can contribute to redirect land management options.     

黑龙江省农业科技旅游园的发展现状

通过对我国农业科技旅游园和黑龙江省农业科技旅游园发展现状的研究,可以更好地了解黑龙江省农业科技旅游园的发展情况,以便管理者正确的管理园区。     

The effect of breeding-habitat patch size on bird population density

An individual-based simulation model was used to study the effect of the relative location of food and nest sites in the landscape on the relationship between the breeding habitat patch size and bird population density. The model predicted that when both food and nest sites are located exclusively in the breeding habitat patches, larger patches tend to harbor higher population densities. But when food starts to be added to the `matrix' habitat and taken out of the breeding habitat the advantageous effect of larger patches diminishes and eventually the trend reverses, with small patches having higher population densities. This pattern arises from the combined effect of the existence of an extended foraging area around patches and an intrinsic advantage of large habitat patches associated with the concentration of food resources and potential colonizers. The effects of interspecific interactions and the management implications of the model are discussed.     

《徐霞客游记》中的广西饮食文化研究

辑录了《徐霞客游记》中关于地区饮食资源、饮食习俗、饮食礼俗等方面的记载,并结合相关资料对其进行了论述。     

不同躯体部位兔毛的特点及其初加工

从服装需要出发,对毛兔身上不同部位的兔毛质量进行了检测,结果发现背部毛最长、臀部毛较细、臀部毛含粗较少。为了保护原兔毛的质量,对毛兔改良和剪毛提出了合理的建议。     

陇东黄土高原若干轮作复种模式的生态效能比较研究

根据１９８９年至１９９１年在陇东黄土高原旱源区进行的作物轮作及复种模式研究的试验资料，分别从气候资源的利用效率，氮、磷肥施用效率及农田能量生产效率等角度，对试验筛选出的８种轮作复种模式与单一的冬小麦连作方式（对照）的生态效能进行了比较分析和研究。结果表明，无论是气候资源的利用效率，还是氮、磷肥施用效率，或者是农田能量生产效率，８种轮作复种模式均明显地优于冬小麦连作生产系统。由此可见，上述轮作复种模式在陇东黄土高原旱源区雨养农田生态条件下具有广泛的推广应用价值。