玉米AFB2基因的克隆、表达及功能分析

通过生物信息学分析从玉米基因组数据库中筛选出一条全长cDNA序列,命名为ZmA FB2(GenBank登录号为NM_001143136.1).通过特异引物克隆该基因,ZmA FB2全长1 722 bp,编码574个氨基酸.N端含有F-box结构域,属于F-box基因家族,与水稻Os04g32460.1同源性很高,属于AFB2亚家族.qRT-PCR结果表明,该基因在玉米的根、茎和叶中均有表达,但在茎中的表达量最强.为进一步研究玉米ZmAFB2基因的功能,构建玉米ZmA FB2基因的超表达载体pCAMBIA-35S-AFB2,并通过农杆菌介导法对番茄进行遗传转化,共获得3个转基因株系,对转基因番茄表型进行鉴定,结果发现,叶片稍厚颜色暗绿,果实较小,无籽或少籽,房室发育不健全,因此,推测AFB2可能参与植物生长发育与调控,这为进一步阐明AFB2基因功能奠定基础.     

小麦1BL/1RS和7DL·7Ag易位对小麦主要农艺性状的遗传效应

为了解染色体易位对小麦农艺性状的影响,以豫农982(1BL/1RS易位系)和wheatear(7DL.7Ag易位系)杂交后代的900个F2群体及其F2∶3家系为实验材料,对F2群体进行1BL/1RS易位和7DL.7Ag易位类型的分子检测,并对F2群体及F2∶3家系的主要农艺性状进行田间调查(F2群体的农艺性状仅作参考,重点分析F2∶3家系的农艺性状)。结果表明,(1)STS标记Lr19130与SSR引物Xgwm428联合使用可作为共显性标记鉴定纯合与杂合的7DL.7Ag易位,完善了7DL.7Ag易位的分子检测方法;(2)1BL/1RS易位可显著降低株高,提高穗粒数与小穗数;(3)7DL.7Ag易位在籽粒千粒重和饱满度上有显著的正向作用,但7DL.7Ag易位的穗粒数显著低于非7DL.7Ag易位,且有延迟小麦成熟和增加株高的趋势;(4)1BL/1RS和7DL.7Ag双重易位可同时提升小穗数和千粒重,但穗粒数减少。     

Characterization and Cytotoxicity Studies of the Rare 21:4 n-7 Acid and Other Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids from the Marine Opisthobranch Scaphander lignarius,Isolated Using Bioassay Guided Fractionation

The marine opisthobranch Scaphander lignarius has been analyzed in the systematic search for novel bioactive compounds in Arctic marine organisms using bioassay guided fractionation. A number of highly cytotoxic fractions were shown to contain mainly polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). Selected PUFAs were isolated and identified using both liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). It was shown that the opisthobranch contained unusual PUFAs such as several ω3 fatty acids and the ω7 heneicosa-5,8,11,14-tetraenoic acid (21:4 n-7) not isolated before. The organism was shown to be a very rich source of PUFAs and the activity of the isolated compounds against a range of human cancer cell lines (melanoma, colon carcinoma and breast carcinoma) is further reported. The ω7 PUFA was significantly more cytotoxic in comparison with reference ω6 arachidonic and ω3 eicosapentaenoic acid. A noteworthy non-selective cytotoxicity against normal lung fibroblasts was also established. The paper contains isolation protocols in addition to cytotoxicity data of the isolated compounds. The potential of marine mollusks as a source for rare PUFAs is also discussed.     

基于图像处理的任意封闭区域的剪裁技术

以图像处理为立意背景,以delphi7作为开发工具,实现了对图像中任意形状边界的封闭区域的剪裁,做到了图像中目标区域与背景区域的成功分离,为图像处理的进一步研究打下了良好的基础。     

施肥量和种植密度对糯高粱黔高7号光合特性、农艺性状及产量的影响

[目的]探讨酱香型白酒专用糯高粱品种黔高7号在贵州地区种植时的最佳施肥量和种植密度,为科学制定其高产高效栽培技术提供参考依据.[方法]采用裂区试验设计,以复合肥施用量(A1:150 kg/ha、A2:225 kg/ha、A3:300 kg/ha)为主处理,以种植密度(B1:1.0×105株/ha、B2:1.5×1 05株/ha、B3:2.0×105株/ha)为副处理.抽穗期测定叶片净光合速率、气孔导度、胞间CO2浓度和蒸腾速率;籽粒80%~90%成熟时每小区单独收获计产,并于收获前3 d在每小区随机选取5株代表性植株测定其株高、茎粗、穗长和千粒重.[结果]施肥量和种植密度对黔高7号的光合特性、农艺性状指标及产量均有极显著影响(P<0.01,下同);随施肥量和种植密度的增加,其株高、茎粗、穗长、千粒重、净光合速率、气孔导度、蒸腾速率和产量均表现为先增大后减小的变化趋势,胞间CO2浓度则先减小后增大;施肥量和种植密度的交互作用表明,A2B2处理组合的农艺性状最优,光合性能最佳,产量最高.相关性分析结果表明,产量与株高、茎粗、穗长、千粒重、净光合速率、气孔导度和蒸腾速率均呈极显著正相关,与胞间CO2浓度呈极显著负相关.[结论]在贵州地区种植糯高粱黔高7号时,复合肥施用量以225 kg/ha、种植密度以1.5×102株/ha为宜.     

山羊GHRH-R基因SNPs的快速筛查及基因频率估算

为进一步开展山羊GHRH-R基因的表达调控、分子标记辅助育种及比较基因组学等的研究,采用构建DNA池并用直接测序的方法,研究了黔北麻羊、内蒙古绒山羊和关东奶山羊3个山羊品种GH-RH-R基因的多态性,并估算其等位基因频率。结果表明:在黔北麻羊GHRH-R基因中发现2个SNPs(T-640-C,G-811-T),第8内含子640bp、811bp处分别发生了T→C、C→T碱基转换;等位基因频率T-640为0.500,C-640为0.500,C-811为0.387,T-811为0.613;关中奶山羊和内蒙古白绒山羊在640bp、811bp处没有发生碱基突变。     

木麻黄抗青枯病无性系龙7-18造林试验

前人对34个木麻黄优树家系17年生的子代测定林进行选优,筛选出优良单株46株,其中无性系龙7-18在水培无性繁殖出根率、抗青枯病能力和收集圃生长量等指标均表现最好。研究了木麻黄抗青枯病无性系龙7-18在平潭4 a的造林试验结果,该无性系表现出良好的抗逆特性和生长特性,4年生保存率高达87.8%,树高和胸径生长平均值是目前使用无性系(对照)的1.11和1.10倍。木麻黄无性系龙7-18可以作为抗病优良品系在平潭县沿海沙地造林。     

Disruption of Darna pallivitta (Lepidoptera: Limacodidae) by Conventional and Mobile Pheromone Deployment

Identification of the Darna pallivitta (Moore) pheromone component n-butyl (E)-7,9-decadienoate (E7,9-10:COOn-Bu) has made it possible to investigate communication disruption to control this lepidopteran pest. Conventional communication disruption trials showed marked decreases in the mean number of male moths captured in E7,9-10:COOnBu-treated fields compared with control fields. For traps baited with E7,9-10:COOnBu, percent disruptions were 94.4% and 92.1% for septa (1 g pheromone/ha, 1-wk trial duration) and spirals (6 g pheromone/ha, 8-wk trial duration) respectively. For traps baited with virgin female moths, percent disruption was 73.3% using septa disruptors (1 g pheromone/ha, 1-wk trial duration). Mobile communication disruption using Bactrocera cucurbitae (Coquillett) as carriers for E7,9-10:COOn-Bu was evaluated in the following three areas: fly survivorship, attraction of male moths to treated flies, and moth disruption in a small-scale field trial. Topical application of E7,9-10:COOnBu showed no significant decrease in survivorship at 50 and 80 µg/fly. However, decreased survivorship was observed at 100 µg/fly and linear regression showed E7,9-10:COOnBu dose was significantly correlated with B. cucurbitae survivorship. Traps containing honey–pheromone-fed flies attracted and caught D. pallivitta over a 1-wk period, demonstrating the attractiveness of the carrier. Releasing E7,9-10:COOnBu-fed B. cucurbitae (∼2 g pheromone/ha, 1-wk trial duration) resulted in significantly reduced trap catches in treatment fields compared with control fields on the first 2 d of the field trial. Percent disruptions were 84.7% (day 1) and 56.0% (day 2). These results suggest that both conventional communication disruption and mobile communication disruption have potential to control D. pallivitta.     

Utilization of β-carotene fromSpirulina platensis by rats

The availability of -carotene from Spirulina as compared to standard all trans -carotene was studied by the liver and kidney vitamin A storage method. After 21 days of vitamin A depletion, the rats were repleted with -carotene from Spirulina and a standard source at two dietary levels (60 and 120 µg/day) for a 10 day period. At lower levels, the liver storage levels of vitamin A and the percent of -carotene absorption were comparable to those of the standard. At higher levels both these parameters of the Spirulina fed group were significantly (P<0.01) inferior to the standard source fed group. However, the Spirulina fed group showed better (P<0.05) growth than the standard fed group did at both low and high levels of feeding.