小麦雄性核不育基因Tal与rht_(10)基因的连锁遗传

几年来,进行了普通小麦显性雄性核不育基因Tal与矮变1号的矮秆基因Rht_(1c)的等位基因rht_(10)的连锁遗传,以及试图打破其连锁方式,选育重组类型Tal-Rhhrht_(10),使Tal转育至矮变1号的研究,这项研究目前只能获得非期望的另一类tal-rht_(10)交换型配子,本研究表明,两个基因有复杂的连锁关系,可能Tal不仅与rht_(10)主基因,而且与某个修饰基因连锁,重组型是致死的。     

杂交晚稻新组合“先农10号”的选育和应用

“先农 10号”是用优质不育系“中 9A”与自育的强恢复系“R254”配组育成的晚籼中熟品种。该组合 2003 ~2004年参加江西省晚稻中熟组区域试验,平均产量为7026. 9kg/hm2;熟期、产量、抗性、米质均优于同类对照组合“汕优 46”,具有高产、稳产、株型适中、适应性广、抗逆性强、制种产量高等特点,适宜在长江中下游地区作二晚种植。     

苏棉10号生长规律及生育特性研究

对苏棉 1 0号的生长规律及生育特性研究表明 ,苏棉 1 0号棉苗生长快 ,叶面积大 ,株高日增量大 ,株高较高 ,株型疏朗 ,果枝较长。单株结铃数多 ,成铃强度高 ,且优质桃比例高。在栽培上应适当稀植 ,合理化控 ,增加施肥量 ,合理肥料运筹 ,可进一步提高产量     

西藏普通小麦地方品种特有高分子量谷蛋白亚基组合“Tibetan Dx5*+Tibetan Dy10”中Tibetan Dy10亚基基因测序与分析

 【目的】鉴定在西藏小麦地方品种中发现的特有高分子量谷蛋白亚基组合“Tibetan Dx5*+Tibetan Dy10”中的Tibetan Dy10亚基是否与普通小麦Dy10亚基为同一亚基。【方法】利用SDS-PAGE分析和Tibetan Dy10亚基基因的克隆和测序。【结果】表明Tibetan Dy10亚基与普通小麦中Dy10亚基广泛存在的Dx5+Dy10组合形式中的Dy10亚基的分子序列非常相似，但分别在2个六肽中的1个氨基酸部位发生替换，第335位的甘氨酸（G）和第451位的谷氨酰氨（Q）在Tibetan Dy10 中均被替换为精氨酸（R）。【结论】Tibetan Dy10与普通小麦中常见的Dy10亚基基因的DNA序列存在微小差异，属于Dy10位点的一个新变异。     

氮、磷、钾对油研10号油菜产量和品质的影响

采用三元二次通用正交旋转组合设计,研究了直播栽培方式下氮、磷、钾与油研10号油菜品种产量、产油量、含油率、芥酸、硫甙、饼粕蛋白质含量之间的关系.结果表明,在试验设计水平范围内,随着施氮量的增加,产量、产油量、芥酸呈逐渐降低趋势,含油率和饼粕蛋白质含量呈逐渐增加趋势.芥酸、含油率、饼粕蛋白质含量与施磷量间呈开口向上的抛物线关系,呈现出高-低-高的变化趋势.同时获得产量200kg·667m-2和产油量85kg·667m-2的优化农艺措施方案分别为纯氮6.46～7.59kg·667m-2、P2O5(磷肥)6.58～8.42kg·667m-2、K2O(钾肥)10.37～13.63kg·667m-2和纯氮9.06kg·667m-2、P2O5(磷肥)6.20～8.80kg·667m-2、K2O(钾肥)9.69～14.31kg·667m-2.     

10%单嘧磺隆对麦田阔叶杂草的防效及后茬复种作物的影响

通过10%单嘧磺隆可湿性粉剂田间喷雾试验表明,其对小麦、玉米的出苗和生长发育均无不良影响,但严重阻碍复种和后茬油菜等双子叶作物的出苗和生长发育,生产上应避免在10%单嘧磺隆可湿性粉剂施药田复种或后茬种植双子叶作物.同时表明对春小麦田阔叶杂草有较好的防除效果,优于目前生产上常用药剂10%苯磺隆可湿性粉剂,且对小麦、玉米安全,具有推广应用前景.建议用药时间为小麦3叶1心、杂草2叶1心期,用药量为225 g/hm2对水900 L.     

Rhizospheric and heterotrophic respiration of a warm-temperate oak chronosequence in China

Plot trenching and root decomposition experiments were conducted in a warm-temperate oak chronosequence (40-year-old, 48-year-old, 80-year-old, and 143-year-old) in China. We partitioned total soil surface CO₂ efflux (R_S) into heterotrophic (R_H) and rhizospheric (R_R) components across the growing season of 2009. We found that the temporal variation of R_R and R_H can be well explained by soil temperature (T₅) at 5 cm depth using exponential equations for all forests. However, R_R of 40-year-old and 48-year-old forests peaked in September, while their T₅ peaks occurred in August. R_R of 80-year-old and 143-year-old forests showed a similar pattern to T₅. The contribution of R_R to R_S (RC) of 40-year-old and 48-year-old forests presented a second peak in September. Seasonal variation of R_R may be accounted for by the different successional stages. Cumulative R_H and R_R during the growing season varied with forest age. The estimated R_H values for 40-year-old, 48-year-old, 80-year-old and 143-year-old forests averaged 431.72, 452.02, 484.62 and 678.93 g C m⁻², respectively, while the corresponding values of R_R averaged 191.94, 206.51, 321.13 and 153.03 g C m⁻². The estimated RC increased from 30.78% in the 40-year-old forest to 39.85% in the 80-year-old forest and then declined to 18.39% in the 143-year-old forest. We found soil organic carbon (SOC), especially the light fraction organic carbon (LFOC), stock at 0-10 cm soil depth correlated well with R_H. There was no significant relationship between R_R and fine root biomass regardless of stand age. Measured apparent temperature sensitivity (Q₁₀) of R_H (3.93 ± 0.27) was significantly higher than that of R_R (2.78 ± 0.73). Capillary porosity decreased as stand age increased and it was negatively correlated to cumulative R_S. Our results emphasize the importance of partitioning soil respiration in evaluating the stand age effect on soil respiration and its significance to future model construction.     

Constant and diurnally-varying temperature regimes lead to different temperature sensitivities of soil organic carbon decomposition

In a 122-day incubation experiment with two soil types under four temperature treatments, we examined whether the temperature sensitivity of soil organic carbon (SOC) decomposition differed between constant and diurnally-varying soil temperature regimes. We calculated the Q₁₀ values after accounting for changes in substrate availability and quality among treatments over time. The Q₁₀ values under constant temperature regime were consistently and significantly higher than those under diurnally-varying temperature regime, particularly in the later stages of decomposition (by up to 30%). This result indicated that different temperature regime was one of the important factors causing the current controversy about the temperature sensitivity of SOC decomposition in published reports.     

拟南芥AtHOS10基因的克隆及其表达载体的构建

AtHOS10基因对植物冷调节起到重要作用,可以通过控制ABA合成来改变植物的脱水胁迫耐性。本文利用PCR方法从Columbia生态型的拟南芥基因组中扩增出冷调节基因AtHOS10,并插入克隆载体。序列分析表明,克隆片段长3453bp,与目前发表的序列完全一致。将pUC-AtHOS10和pBI-HEM进行酶切重组构建表达载体pBI-AtHOS10,然后将表达载体转化导入农杆菌中,为侵染烟草作准备。     

Thr-Ser-Ser位点对猪BCL10募集功能的影响

在完整克隆出猪BCL10基因的基础上,用大引物PCR法构建3个真核表达载体：pEGFP-B（完整猪BCL10）载体、pEGFP-D（缺失CARD结构域）载体和pEGFP-P（缺失Thr-Ser-Ser位点）载体,转染猪血管内皮细胞（SU-VEC）,观察其表达情况,以此研究Thr-Ser-Ser位点（富含TS区）对猪BCL10募集功能的影响。结果显示,pEGFP-B仅在胞质中表达,并呈短棒状,而pEGFP-D与pEGFP-P则在胞质和核内均有表达。表明CARD结构域参与猪BCL10募集过程,且Thr-Ser-Ser为CARD结构域中关键氨基酸位点,这为进一步研究猪BCL10功能和作用机制奠定了基础。