低聚壳聚糖对母猪繁殖性能、泌乳性能和血浆生化指标的影响

本试验旨在探讨饲粮中添加低聚壳聚糖对母猪繁殖性能、泌乳性能和血浆生化指标的影响。选择24头胎次、体重和预产期相近的健康大白猪母猪,随机分为3个组,每组8个重复,每个重复1头猪。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组饲粮在基础饲粮中分别添加50和100 g/t的低聚壳聚糖。试验从母猪妊娠第85天时开始,至分娩后第21天时结束。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,饲粮中添加低聚壳聚糖可显著增加母猪的健仔数和哺乳期平均日采食量(P0.05),显著降低母猪的产程(P0.05),且在一定程度上可改善母猪的便秘和降低母猪的背膘厚损失;与对照组相比,试验Ⅰ组仔猪的初生窝重显著增加(P0.05),试验Ⅱ组母猪的哺乳期泌乳量显著增加(P0.05)。2)与对照组相比,试验Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组母猪初乳中乳脂肪含量显著增加(P0.05),试验Ⅰ组初乳中尿素氮(UN)含量和常乳中精氨酸、总氨基酸、限制性氨基酸含量显著增加(P0.05)。3)试验Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组母猪的血浆谷丙转氨酶(GPT)活性显著低于对照组(P0.05),各组的血浆碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)活性和总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(ALB)、UN、甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(CHO)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)含量均无显著差异(P0.05)。由此可见,饲粮中添加低聚壳聚糖对母猪的繁殖性能和泌乳性能均有一定的促进作用。综合本研究结果,50 g/t低聚壳聚糖为母猪饲粮中的最佳添加剂量。     

中国式综合辐照站(γ装置)规范化管理研究

本文对我国综合辐照站的规范化管理进行了探讨,分析了我国综合辐照站管理中存在的各种问题,提出了在人员管理、安全管理、质量管理、客户管理、仓储管理、进出货管理、生产管理和效益管理等方面的规范化举措。     

Comparative Study of Substrate-Based and Commercial Formulations of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in Romaine Lettuce Subjected to Salt Stress

To compare the effect of substrate-based and commercial arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in salt stress tolerance of Romaine lettuce a bifactorial analysis was carried out. Under non-saline conditions, only plants inoculated with formulation 1 stimulated shoot weight but not related with greater root AMF colonization. Phosphorus and potassium concentrations in leaves were improved by mycorrhizal association. Irrigation with 100 mM sodium chloride (NaCl) did not affect leaf relative water content and we observed no osmotic adjustment in leaves from non-mycorrhizal plants. However, root dry biomass and its starch content decreased, while leaf starch and root soluble sugar concentrations were enhanced. Lettuce inoculated with formulation 2 and substrate-based Glomus intraradices showed the highest root colonization percentages. Nevertheless, none of the mycorrhizal treatments induced a significant improvement on growth of lettuce subjected to salt stress. Romaine lettuce seems to be a moderately tolerant variety to salinity and therefore, the contribution of AMF was minimized.     

电刺激对产后母猪行为及生产性能的影响

解救被压哺乳仔猪是提高规模化养殖场生产效益的重要手段,其中电刺激是最新技术之一,为优化目前电刺激技术研究参数单一,母猪过度反应等问题,该研究基于反应有效性和惊吓指数两类参数分析了产后母猪不同身体部位在不同刺激电压下的反应,确定了电刺激技术参数适宜值,并验证了该参数对母猪生产性能的影响。结果表明：电刺激装置通电0.5 s后,母猪在刺激电压2 000和2 400 V下的有效反应率皆为75%以上,且这2种刺激电压下发生有效反应的概率极显著高于1 200 V(P<0.01)。母猪腰部的有效反应率为70.8%,该部位发生有效反应的概率比侧腹部和大腿根部高将近3倍左右。当刺激部位为腰部,刺激电压为2 400 V时,母猪惊吓指数上限高于60%;当刺激部位为腰部,刺激电压2 000 V时,惊吓指数上限低于60%,综合有效反应和惊吓指数结果,建议电刺激适宜参数为：电压2 000 V,刺激部位为腰部。生产试验结果表明：在整个哺乳期,执行电刺激适宜参数的试验组母猪的平均日采食量（5.50 kg）和断奶窝质量（58.91 kg）略高于对照组的日采食量（5.45 kg）和断奶窝质量（58.42 kg）,但...     

烯丙孕素口服液调控母猪同期发情的研究进展

烯丙孕素口服液在国外已被广泛用于母猪同期发情,给药期间可抑制母猪发情,停止给药后重新释放天然激素,母猪会重返发情,以达到同步发情。详细阐述了烯丙孕素口服液的作用机制、药代动力学、临床应用、残留以及毒性,以期为其研究与开发提供一定的参考。烯丙孕素口服液在治疗性成熟母猪同期发情上有较好的应用前景。     

饲喂频率对妊娠母猪背膘厚和繁殖性能的影响

[目的] 研究饲喂频率对妊娠母猪背膘厚和繁殖性能的影响。[方法] 挑选加系杜洛克经产母猪480头,配种时按照胎次（2~7胎）、背膘厚（11~22 mm）相近的原则随机将母猪分为T1组（每天饲喂1次）和T2组（每天饲喂2次）,两组每天等量饲喂。T1组母猪220头,饲喂时间为8：00;T2组母猪260头,饲喂时间为8：00和15：00,每次饲喂量为总量的一半,定位栏饲养。[结果] ①饲喂频率不影响妊娠56 d、开配-妊娠56 d的背膘厚（妊娠56 d背膘厚-开配背膘厚）（P>0.05）;T2组妊娠110 d（P=0.06）、妊娠56-110 d（P=0.09）背膘厚（妊娠110 d背膘厚-妊娠56 d背膘厚）有高于T1组的趋势。②饲喂频率对窝产总仔数、活仔数、死胎数、木乃伊胎数、初生窝重以及初生个体重均无显著（P>0.05）影响。③在三胎母猪中,T2组妊娠110 d（P=0.01）、妊娠56-110 d（P=0.04）背膘厚均显著高于T1组;五胎及以上母猪,T2组妊娠56-110 d（P=0.08）背膘厚有高于T1组的趋势。④饲喂频率不影响二胎母猪窝产总仔数、死胎数、木乃伊胎数、初生窝重以及初生个体重（P>0.05）,但二胎母猪中T2组活仔数有高于T1组的趋势（P=0.07）。[结论] 饲喂频率由每天两餐减少到每天一餐不会对母猪的繁殖性能产生不利影响。     

Mycoplasma pneumonia of swine (MPS) resistance and immune characteristics of pig lines generated by crossing an MPS pulmonary lesion selected Landrace line and a highly immune capacity selected Large White line

To understand the influence of crossbreeding on Mycoplasma pneumonia of swine (MPS) resistance and immune characteristics, two crossbred lines were characterized. One crossbred line, LaWa, was generated by crossing the MPS pulmonary lesion selected Landrace line (La) and the highly immune‐selected Large White line (Wa). The second crossbred line, LaWb, was generated by crossing the La line and the nonselected Large White line (Wb). The crossbred LbWb line (nonselected Landrace line × nonselected Large White line) and the La line were used as controls. The LaWa and LaWb lines had an intermediate level of MPS lung lesions between La and LbWb lines, although the difference was not statistically significant. After stimulation with sheep red blood cells (SRBCs), the LaWb and LaWa lines showed immune characteristics similar to that of the La line; the number of monocytes in peripheral blood increased, while B cells, T cells, secretion of SRBC‐specific immunoglobulin G, and interleukin (IL)‐13 decreased. Additionally, the number of natural killer (NK) cells and the expression of IL‐4 and IL‐17 were significantly higher in the LaWb and LaWa lines, respectively. These data suggested that crossbreeding of La and Wa lines resulted in the inheritance of some of the selected immune responses.     

商业银行集团客户授信风险的防范

集团客户具有关系复杂、范围不易界定、关联交易隐蔽、转移(传递)风险性强等特征,加之我国公司治理结构不健全,极易导致金融风险。商业银行应加大对集团客户授信业务的监管力度,明确集团客户范围,严格区分正常和非正常的关联交易,全面掌握企业关系及变化情况,及时调整和严格控制最高授信额度。     

太行鸡Mx基因抗性位点与体尺和胴体性状的关联分析

采用错配PCR-RFLP对太行鸡Mx基因2032位点多态性进行检测,结果发现太行鸡Mx基因2032位点经RsaⅠ酶切后,检测到AA、AG和GG3种基因型,基因型频率分别为0.185,0.577和0.238,抗性基因A的频率为0.473。χ2适合性检验表明该多态位点上等位基因的分布处于Hardy-Weinberg平衡状态。对3个基因型与太行鸡一些经济性状间的关联性分析,结果表明,发现除胸深、胫围和胫长外,AA基因型个体其他体尺小于或接近AG和GG基因型个体;抗性纯合子AA基因型个体胴体性状均显著小于GG基因型个体。